1.3 Complete each of the following sentences after the model with the word or phrase in brackets. Make changes or additions where necessary.
Model:
I've chosen to study abroad while working a part-time job to pay for the tuition because I want to accept the challenge of living on my own. (challenge)
1 We waited for Phil for two hours, but he _______. We had to cancel (取消) the appointment (约会). (show up)
2 Nowadays the price of hiring a tutor is very high. So many parents choose to _______. (tutor)
3 Be sure about yourself and see amazing things you have achieved. In other words, _______! (believe in)
4 When we're young, we make mistakes and may fail. However, we should keep _______ and never give up. (chase)
5 I'll find a job and become a skilled worker after graduating from college. I _______ going to graduate school. (motivation)
2 Word Formation
Conversion
English words are usually formed in four ways:
• affixation (词缀法) including prefixation (前缀法), such as impossible, rewrite, and suffixation (后缀法), such as useful, visually, pursuer, motivation;
• compounding (合成法), such as software, well-known, 3-year-old;
• abbreviation (缩略法), such as DJ, USA;
• conversion (词性转换法).
Conversion is done when a word changes its class without any change of its form. Its typical (典型的) cases include noun → verb, verb → noun, adjective → noun and adjective → verb, such as tutor n. → v. change v. → n. red adj. → n. lower adj. → v.
In the text there are some words used in the same way. Can you find any of them? And can you list any other words like them?
答案：1. didn't show up
解析：根据“waited...for two hours”和“had to cancel”可知，Phil没出现，用一般过去时否定式“didn't show up”。
2. tutor their children themselves
解析：句意“现在请家教的费用很高。所以很多父母选择自己辅导孩子。”“tutor”作动词，“tutor their children themselves”（自己辅导孩子）符合语境。
3. believe in yourself
解析：“Be sure about yourself”（相信自己）与“believe in yourself”（相信自己）意思相同，为祈使句。
4. chasing our dreams
解析：“keep doing sth.”（持续做某事），“chase our dreams”（追逐我们的梦想）符合“never give up”的语境。
5. have no motivation for
解析：句意“大学毕业后我会找份工作，成为一名技术工人。我没有上研究生的动机。”“have no motivation for...”（没有……的动机）符合结构。
2. （文本中可能的转换词，需根据原文确定，以下为示例）
- tutor: n. 家教 → v. 辅导（如文中“He asked a well-known DJ for tutoring.”或“He tutors himself.”）
- screen: n. 屏幕 → v. 筛选（如文中“screen the music”）
其他类似单词：
- water: n. 水 → v. 浇水
- book: n. 书 → v. 预订
- air: n. 空气 → v. 通风
- hand: n. 手 → v. 传递
- face: n. 脸 → v. 面对
2 Word Formation
Conversion
English words are usually formed in four ways:
• affixation (词缀法) including prefixation (前缀法), such as impossible, rewrite, and suffixation (后缀法), such as useful, visually, pursuer, motivation;
• compounding (合成法), such as software, well-known, 3-year-old;
• abbreviation (缩略法), such as DJ, USA;
• conversion (词性转换法).
Conversion is done when a word changes its class without any change of its form. Its typical (典型的) cases include noun → verb, verb → noun, adjective → noun and adjective → verb, such as tutor n. → v. change v. → n. red adj. → n. lower adj. → v.
In the text there are some words used in the same way. Can you find any of them? And can you list any other words like them?
答案：（因未提供具体文本，无法确定文本中词性转换的单词。以下为其他例子）
Noun → verb: water (n. 水 → v. 浇水), book (n. 书 → v. 预订)
Verb → noun: walk (v. 走 → n. 散步), talk (v. 谈话 → n. 谈话)
Adjective → noun: rich (adj. 富有的 → n. 富人), poor (adj. 贫穷的 → n. 穷人)
Adjective → verb: clean (adj. 干净的 → v. 打扫), empty (adj. 空的 → v. 使变空)
