B
Barack Obama defeated John McCain in the longest and most costly presidential campaign in American history. The election results were widely seen as a strong statement by voters on economy. A public opinion study reported by the Wall Street Journal found that about sixty percent of voters considered the economy as the top issue.
Mr. Obama faces the deepest economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Dow Jones Industrial Average of leading stocks has lost nearly thirty of its value. The government seized the nation’s two largest home financing companies, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. It also took control of the huge insurance company, A. I. G.  The government is now a share holder in nine of the country’s largest banks. That will expand to small banks , too. The amount spent on these rescue plans has been close to one trillion dollars. That amount could increase.
Another problem the new administration faces is the budget deficit(赤字). Some experts predict the deficit for next year’s budget could be close to one trillion dollars. Some observers predict that the deficit will limit speeding in economic programs.
Barack Obama has promised a tax cut for middle income Americans. He is seeking fifty billion dollars in aid for states and job creation programs. Mr. Obama has put forward a health care reform plan that costs fifty to sixty-five billion dollars. Obama is also seeking to spend one hundred and fifty billion dollars on new energy technologies over the next ten years.
In addition, Mr. Obama has been discussing a program worth one hundred billion dollars. It includes spending in public works projects and aid to American states, cities and citizens.
41. According to the passage, the election results suggested ___________________.
A. how fierce the presidential campaign was
B. the significance of the election in American history
C. Obama promised to devote himself to economic development
D. how much money was spent during the presidential campaign
42. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is mentioned to show _________________.
A. how serious the economic crisis is
B. the value of all America’s stocks
C. the economy was considered as the top issue
D. what percentage of shares Obama has in leading stocks
43. We know from the passage that _______________________.
A. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are insurance companies
B. the government will become a share holder in small banks
C. money spent on the government’s rescue plan will be decreased
D. the budget deficit will not affect the economic programs
44. Which of the following statements does NOT belong to Obama’s rescue plans?
A. Cutting taxes for middle income Americans.
B. Seeking money for job creation programs.
C. Putting forward a health care reform plan.
D. Stopping spending on new energy technologies.
45. The passage mainly tells us ____________________________.
A. the deepest economic crisis in the 1930’s
B. the result of the presidential election
C. America tries to save the country’s economy
D. how Americans think of the newly-elected president

                                   B

   Barack Obama defeated John McCain in the longest and most costly presidential campaign in American history. The election results were widely seen as a strong statement by voters on economy. A public opinion study reported by the Wall Street Journal found that about sixty percent of voters considered the economy as the top issue.

   Mr. Obama faces the deepest economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Dow Jones Industrial Average of leading stocks has lost nearly thirty of its value. The government seized the nation’s two largest home financing companies, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. It also took control of the huge insurance company, A. I. G.  The government is now a share holder in nine of the country’s largest banks. That will expand to small banks , too. The amount spent on these rescue plans has been close to one trillion dollars. That amount could increase.

    Another problem the new administration faces is the budget deficit(赤字). Some experts predict the deficit for next year’s budget could be close to one trillion dollars. Some observers predict that the deficit will limit speeding in economic programs.

   Barack Obama has promised a tax cut for middle income Americans. He is seeking fifty billion dollars in aid for states and job creation programs. Mr. Obama has put forward a health care reform plan that costs fifty to sixty-five billion dollars. Obama is also seeking to spend one hundred and fifty billion dollars on new energy technologies over the next ten years.

   In addition, Mr. Obama has been discussing a program worth one hundred billion dollars. It includes spending in public works projects and aid to American states, cities and citizens.

41. According to the passage, the election results suggested ___________________.

   A. how fierce the presidential campaign was

   B. the significance of the election in American history

   C. Obama promised to devote himself to economic development

   D. how much money was spent during the presidential campaign

42. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is mentioned to show _________________.

   A. how serious the economic crisis is

   B. the value of all America’s stocks

   C. the economy was considered as the top issue

   D. what percentage of shares Obama has in leading stocks

43. We know from the passage that _______________________.

   A. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are insurance companies

   B. the government will become a share holder in small banks

   C. money spent on the government’s rescue plan will be decreased

   D. the budget deficit will not affect the economic programs

44. Which of the following statements does NOT belong to Obama’s rescue plans?

   A. Cutting taxes for middle income Americans.

   B. Seeking money for job creation programs.

   C. Putting forward a health care reform plan.

   D. Stopping spending on new energy technologies.

45. The passage mainly tells us ____________________________.

   A. the deepest economic crisis in the 1930’s

   B. the result of the presidential election

   C. America tries to save the country’s economy

   D. how Americans think of the newly-elected president

                     Barack Obama defeated John McCain in the longest and most costly presidential campaign in American history. The election results were widely seen as a strong statement by voters on economy. A public opinion study reported by the Wall Street Journal found that about sixty percent of voters considered the economy as the top issue.

   Mr. Obama faces the deepest economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Dow Jones Industrial Average of leading stocks has lost nearly thirty of its value. The government seized the nation’s two largest home financing companies, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. It also took control of the huge insurance company, A. I. G.  The government is now a share holder in nine of the country’s largest banks. That will expand to small banks , too. The amount spent on these rescue plans has been close to one trillion dollars. That amount could increase.

    Another problem the new administration faces is the budget deficit(赤字). Some experts predict the deficit for next year’s budget could be close to one trillion dollars. Some observers predict that the deficit will limit speeding in economic programs.

   Barack Obama has promised a tax cut for middle income Americans. He is seeking fifty billion dollars in aid for states and job creation programs. Mr. Obama has put forward a health care reform plan that costs fifty to sixty-five billion dollars. Obama is also seeking to spend one hundred and fifty billion dollars on new energy technologies over the next ten years.

   In addition, Mr. Obama has been discussing a program worth one hundred billion dollars. It includes spending in public works projects and aid to American states, cities and citizens.

41. According to the passage, the election results suggested ___________________.

   A. how fierce the presidential campaign was

   B. the significance of the election in American history

   C. Obama promised to devote himself to economic development

   D. how much money was spent during the presidential campaign

42. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is mentioned to show _________________.

   A. how serious the economic crisis is

   B. the value of all America’s stocks

   C. the economy was considered as the top issue

   D. what percentage of shares Obama has in leading stocks

43. We know from the passage that _______________________.

   A. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are insurance companies

   B. the government will become a share holder in small banks

   C. money spent on the government’s rescue plan will be decreased

   D. the budget deficit will not affect the economic programs

44. Which of the following statements does NOT belong to Obama’s rescue plans?

   A. Cutting taxes for middle income Americans.

   B. Seeking money for job creation programs.

   C. Putting forward a health care reform plan.

   D. Stopping spending on new energy technologies.

45. The passage mainly tells us ____________________________.

   A. the deepest economic crisis in the 1930’s

   B. the result of the presidential election

   C. America tries to save the country’s economy

   D. how Americans think of the newly-elected president

Fishes are expected to be reduced in size by up to 24% because of global warming, say scientists.

Scientists believe that global warming has a greater effect on marine ecosystems (海洋生态系统) than previously thought. Previous researches have suggested that increasing ocean temperatures would affect both the distribution and the reproductive abilities of fishes. Now scientists believe that fish size would also be heavily affected.

Researchers built a model to see how fishes would react to the lower level of oxygen in water. Ocean temperatures increase and so do the body temperatures of fishes. But, according to the leading scientist Dr William Cheung, the lower level of oxygen in water is the key. Warmer waters could reduce the ocean oxygen level and greatly reduce fishes’ body weight. On the other hand, rising temperature directly increase the metabolic (新陈代谢的) rate of fishes’ body function. This leads to an increase in oxygen demand for normal body activities. So fishes will run out of oxygen for growth at a smaller body size.

The research group also used its model to predict fishes’ movements as a result of warming waters. The group believes that most fishes’ populations will move towards the Earth’s poles at a rate of up to 3.3 km per year.

Taking these factors into consideration, the research team concludes that fishes’ body size will be reduced by between 14% and 24%, with the largest reduction in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans.

When compared with the actual study of fish size, the model seems to make a lower judgment of what’s actually happening in the seas. The researchers made actual studies on some kinds of fishes living in the Atlantic Ocean. They found that the recorded data on these fishes showed greater reduction in body size than the models had predicted.

Scientists believe smaller-sized fishes could seriously affect the ability of fishes to reproduce (繁殖). Dr Alan Baudron, from the University of Aberdeen, the UK, thinks that smaller fishes produce fewer and smaller eggs and it could affect the reproductive potential of fishes.

68. From Paragraph 2 we can know that ________.

       A. scientists have made two researches on the influence of global warming by now.

       B. researchers suggest that the ocean temperature is increasing at a high rate.

       C. researches suggest that global warming would change fishes’ inner structure

       D. scientists have known three aspects of the influence that global warming has on fishes

69. Which is the most important factor that makes fishes smaller?

       A. Higher body temperatures of fishes.

       B. Lower oxygen level in water.

       C. Slower heart beats of fishes.

       D. Higher pressure in water.

70. According to the group, in 30 years, most fish populations will move about ________.

       A. 30 kilometers                                                    B. 60 kilometers         

C. 100 kilometers                                           D. 200 kilometers

71. Which of the following in the best title for the passage?

       A. Climate change may make fishes smaller.

       B. Global warming has a bad effect on fishes.

       C. Global warming affects the distribution of fishes.

       D. Climate change may affect the ability of fishes to reproduce.

The ability of forests to absorb man-made CO₂ is weakening, according to an analysis of two decades of data from more than 30 sites in the frozen north.

The study was conducted by a team of Canadian, Chinese and European researchers and published in the science journal Nature on January 3. The findings mean that more of the CO₂ we release will end up affecting the climate rather than being safely locked away in trees or soil.

As plants take up more CO₂, that should put a break on CO₂ increases, scientists once thought. However, the new data suggest that this idea is too simplified. The research team monitored the date in autumn at which the forests switched from being a net sink for carbon into a net source. Instead of moving later in the year as they had expected, this date actually got earlier—in some places by a few days, but in others by a few weeks.

"This means potentially a bigger warming effect," said Timo Vesalai, who led the study. The precise effect the trend will have on future warming is hard to predict. But the research could partly explain why the amount of CO₂ in the atmosphere is increasing faster than expected.

Currently, half of the man-made CO₂ is absorbed by oceans and ecosystems on land.

Between 1970 and 2000, the CO₂ concentration（浓度）in the atmosphere rose by 1.5ppm. Since 2000 the annual rise leap to an average of 1.9ppm—35% higher than expected.

In China, the average temperature in 2007 was 1.3℃ higher than the average temperature between 1970 and 2000.

So, it is time for us to take action now.

1. The whole passage is intended to tell us that_________.

   A. the average temperature is getting higher          B. trees are taking in less CO₂

   C. the air is becoming worse and worse             D. the ecosystems on land are harmful

2. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?

   A. Plants take up more CO_2.                                                                B. Winter becomes later with spring earlier.

   C. Forests absorb less CO_2.                                D. Plants can block CO₂ increases.

3. With winter starting later and spring earlier, scientists once thought_________.

A. Plants would grow better with more sunshine

B. Trees would soak up less CO₂

C. Trees will live longer and longer

D. Plants would take up more CO₂ to put a break on its increase

4. According to the new data from the study, _________.

   A. the air is becoming cleaner         B. the CO₂ concentration has dropped

   C. trees take up more CO₂                    D. there exists a potential danger of warming effect

5. From the passage we know that_________.

   A. the ability of forests is becoming stronger

B. the research team has worked for about 30 years

C. the average temperature has risen recently

D. the CO₂ concentration has risen by 15% since 2000