1. father and mother父亲和母亲
(1)可用parents代替,用复数形式表示父母双亲;如果表达father or mother则为单数parent。如:
Mary is from a family of a parent. 玛丽来自一个单亲家庭。
My parents are watching TV. 我父母正在看电视。
(2)father和mother为正式用语,一般用在较正式的场合;称呼父亲母亲一般不用father和mother,在口语中常用dad和mum,也可用daddy和mummy。如:
My father is a worker. 我父亲是一名工人。
My mother is very great. 我的母亲很了不起。
(3)father的其他用法
①(father常用复数)祖先
sleep with one's fathers葬在祖坟
②创始者;倡导者
the Father of English poetry英诗鼻祖
③固定搭配
Father Christmas圣诞老人 Father's Day父亲节
(4)mother的其他用法
①根本;来源
Necessary is the mother of invention. (谚语)需要乃发明之母。
②固定搭配
mother tongue母语;本国语Mother's Day母亲节
2. How old are you? 你多大了?
(1)此句也可表达为What's your age?
-How old are you?你多大了?
-I'm ten (years old).我十岁了。
(2)old的其他用法
①年老的;老的
the old and young老年人和青年人
②旧的
This is my old pen. 这是我的旧钢笔。
③熟悉的
He is an old friend of mine. 他是我的老朋友。
3. family家,家庭
(1)family意为“家,家庭”,若强调一个整体,谓语动词用单数;若强调家庭中的每一个成员,谓语动词则用复数形式。如:
My family is a big one. 我们家是一个大家庭。
His family are going to travel to the USA.
他全家打算去美国旅行。
(2)固定搭配
family name姓
What's your family name? 你姓什么?
family tree家谱
(3)与family有相同用法的还有以下几个单词:class(班级),people(人民),police(警察)等。
(4)family,home和house这三个词都可以指“家”。
(a)family意为“家,家庭,家人”,着重指由家庭成员组成的社会基本结构-家庭或家庭中的每个成员,与居住的房屋无关。如:
I love my family. 我爱我家。
The whole family will spend their holiday in Hainan.
全家将在海南度假。
(b)home意为“家,家园”,指与家人共同居住的地方,强调家庭成员居住的环境和氛围,不可以用来指人。如:
I have to stay at home alone tonight.
今晚,我不得不一个人呆在家里。
His home is in Shanghai. 他家在上海。
①有时可指出生的城市或国家,带有感情色彩。如:
home town故乡 old home老家
②home还可以用作副词,表示“在家,到家”。如:
Mike is at home. 麦克在家里。
Let's go home. 我们回家吧。
(c)house意为“房子,房屋”,侧重指住所,即建筑物。如:
There are many trees in front of my house.
我家前面有许多树。
4. grandfather and grandmother(外)祖父母
(1)又可昵称为grandma and grandpa,其中grand为前缀,还有以下单词。如:grandson(外)孙子和granddaughter(外)孙女
(2)还可替换为grandparents祖父母,外祖父母。如:
Both of his grandparents died many years ago.
他祖父母均是许多年前去世的。
(3)奶奶,外婆(口语)同granny。如:
I met a granny on my way home. 我在回家的路上碰上一位老大娘。
5. I have a friend named Jenny Smith. 我有一名叫詹妮·史密斯的朋友。
(1)name既可作名词,又可作动词。在上句中为动词的过去分词作定语,意为“名叫……”,可与called换用。如:
My name is Lily. 我的名字是莉莉。
My sister has a cat named/called Tony.
我妹妹有只名叫托尼的小猫。
(2)name作动词:还可意为
①给……取名;命名
The parents named their child“Congcong”. Because they hope he will be clever.
父母给他们的孩子取名为“聪聪”,因为他们希望他聪明。
②说出……的名字
Can you name all the plants and trees in this garden?
你能说出这个花园里所有花草树木的名称吗?
③提名;任命
They named Mr Green manager of the company.
他们任命格林先生为公司经理。
6. the Smith family史密斯一家
也可表达为The Smiths,定冠词加上姓氏的复数可表示“××一家人”或“××夫妇二人”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:
The Green family are very friendly.
The Greens are very friendly.
格林一家很友善。
7. have a birthday party举行生日宴会
(1)have有“举行,举办”的意思,还有以下短语:have a concert举行一场音乐会;have a meeting开会;have a sports meeting举行运动会等。
(2)have的其他用法
①有;拥有;据有How many books do you have?你有多少本书?
②have to必须(做某事);不得不
Do you have to go to the dentist's?你必须去看牙吗?
③吃;饮
What shall we have for dinner?我们晚餐吃什么?
(3)固定搭配
have a drink of. . . 喝一点儿…… have a cough(患)咳嗽
have a good time玩得高兴 have a look看一看
have a rest休息一会儿 have a swim游泳
have breakfast吃早餐
8. I will have a birthday cake and candles.我将有一个生日蛋糕和一些蜡烛。
(1)“will+动词原形”为一般将来时的构成形式,表示将要发生的动作。
will是助动词,一般疑问句中,will可提前。如:
They will plant more trees in the park.
他们将在公园里植更多树。
Will they plant more trees in the park?
他们将在公园里植更多树吗?
(2)be going to和will都表将来。will表示单纯的将来的事实,在美国通用于所有人称,在英语用于第二、三人称。be going to表示某人的主观愿望,有“打算,想要”之意;比如有根据的天气预报用will,而常人对天气的推测多用be going to。如:
①It's going to rain during the night,I think.
我认为今天晚上大概要下雨。
②There will be a strong wind to the north of the Huaihe River.
淮河以北地区有大风。
(3)have在本句中,意为“有”,强调一种某人对某物的占有或拥有;而我们学过的there be句型也意为“有”,但强调的是一种客观的存在。但有时二者也可互换,但结构不同。如:
Betty has a beautiful doll. 贝蒂有一个美丽的布娃娃。
There are some books on the desk. 桌子上有些书。
There are four windows in this room. 这个房间有四个窗子。
This room has four windows.
9. Sure!当然!
(1)Sure!意为“当然!”表示对某事或请求的同意和肯定,相当于Certainly.
OK. All right. 或Of course. 如:
-Will you please open the door?请你打开门,好吗?
-Of course. /Sure. /OK. /All right. /Certainly. 当然可以。
10. play的用法
(1)play作名词,意为“游戏,消遣”,另可译为“戏剧,剧本,表演”。如:
The children are at play. 孩子们在玩耍。
I like watching TV play. 我喜欢看电视剧。
(2)play作及物动词,意为“打(球),弹(乐器)”,但球类运动前不加the,乐器前必须加the,作不及物动词,意为“玩”。如:
The children are playing basketball on the playground.
孩子们在操场上打篮球。
Lily can play the flute. 莉莉会吹笛子。
Don't play with the fire. 别玩火。
(3)play的固定搭配
play with玩耍 如:
Cats like to play with a ball. 猫喜欢玩球。
play the role of扮演……角色
play a joke on sb. 对某人开玩笑
11. What are they doing?他们在干什么?
They’re singing. 他们在唱歌。
(1)现在进行时表示正在进行或发生的动作或在当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。其构成形式为“be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式”。如:
We are working on a farm these days.
这些天我们一直在农场工作。
Is he laughing?他正在笑吗?
What are you doing?你在干什么?
I'm doing my homework. 我在做作业。
(2)现在进行时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及其简略答语。如:
肯定句:I am working.
否定句:I am(I'm)not working.
一般疑问句:Are you working?
简略回答:Yes,I am. /No,I'm not.
(3)动词-ing形式的构成及其读音。
①一般在动词末尾加-ing。
stay-staying
go-going
②以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing。
write-writing
take-taking
close-closing
③以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词。先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing。
put-putting
sit-sitting
begin-beginning
④以ie为重读音节结尾的单词,先去掉e,把i变为y,再加-ing。
lie-lying
die-dying
⑤以re音节结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing,读音不变。
prepare-preparing
tire-tiring
⑥以er结尾的动词,如果是重读音节结尾,先双写r再加-ing,如果不是重读音节结尾,就直接加-ing。
prefer-preferring
water(浇水)-watering
(4)现在进行时的用法:
①表示现在或说话时正在进行的动作,常与now连用,有时用look,listen等词提示。如:What are they doing now?他们正在做什么?
Look,what are the monkeys eating?瞧,那些猴子在吃什么?
Please be quiet,the baby is sleeping. 请安静,孩子们正在睡觉。
②表示当前一直或反复在进行的动作或难以终止的动作。如:
The population of the world is growing faster and faster.
世界人口增长越来越快。
③表示经常反复的动作,常与always连用,含有赞扬或厌恶的意思。如:
He is always helping others. 他总是在帮助别人。
That son of yours is always making trouble.
你那个宝贝儿子总是在捣乱。
④有一些表示状态的动词和表示心理情感的动词不用进行时态。如:
like,love,prefer,know,wish,want,hate,forget,remember,understand,lie(位于),seem(看起来)等。
⑤少量动词用进行时表将来要发生的动作。如:go,come,leave,arrive,start,return,work,sleep,stay,play,do,have,wear等。如:
He's coming tomorrow. 明天他要来。
[模拟试题](答题时间:50分钟)
I. 语音:选出下列各题中划线部分读音不同于其他三个的选项
1.( ) A. old B. do C. so D. go
2.( ) A. family B. high C. night D. child
3.( ) A. mother B. above C. radio D. other
4.( ) A. have B. name C. grade D. cake
5.( ) A. behind B. eleven C. English D. every
Ⅱ. 英汉互译
3. 交际用语
(1)How old are you?
(2)What are they doing? They are …
(3)Happy birthday to you!
2. 语法
(1)家庭成员及关系
(2)一般现在时
Unit 5 Family and Home
Lesson 33 Father and Mother -Lesson 36 Families Play and Work
1. 单词和短语
father mother young year seventy family grandfather grandmother aunt uncle cousin daughter son brother sister love Mr. Mrs. student her my name his police officer bus driver worker birthday candle present party will tonight
13. 下课 (Dismissing the class)
(127)Hand in your workbooks, please.
(128)Time is up.
(129)The bell is ringing.
(130)There’s the bell.
(131)There goes the bell.
(132)Let’s stop here.
(133)That’s all for today.
(134)Class is over.
(135)Goodbye./Bye./See you next time.
12. 布置作业 (Setting homework)
(120)For today’s homework …
(121)Practise after class./Practise at home.
(122)Say it out loud, before you write it down.
(123)Copy/Print/Write each word twice.
(124)Remember (Memorize) these words/sentences.
(125)Learn these words/these sentences/this text by heart.
(126)Do your homework./Do the next lesson./Do the new work.
11. 评价(Assessment)
(109)Good, thank you.
(110)Good!/Very good./Good job./Good work./Good example.
(111)A good answer./Nice work.
(112)Excellent./Great!/Well done./Very good./I like the way you …
(113)That’s interesting!
(114)Don’t worry about it./No problem.
(115)OK!/That’s OK.
(116)I don’t think so.
(117)That’s not quite right, any other answers?/That’s close./That’s almost right.
(118)Not quite, can anyone help him/her?/Try again.
(119)A good try.
10. 禁止和警告 (Prohibition and warning)
(105)Stop talking./Stop talking now, please.
(106)Don’t talk./Everybody quiet, please.
(107)Don’t be silly.
(108)Settle down.
9. 指令 (Issuing a command)
(71)Say/Read after me, please.
(72)Follow me, please.
(73)Do what I do.
(74)Repeat, please./Repeat after me.
(75)Once more, please./One more time, please.
(76)Come here, please.
(77)Please come to the front./Come up and write on the blackboard/chalkboard.
(78)Come and write it on the blackboard.
(79)Please go back to your seat.
(80)In English, please.
(81)Put your hand up, please. Raise your hand, please.
(82)Put your hands down, please./Hands down, please.
(83)Say it/Write it in Chinese/English.
(84)Please take out your books.
(85)Please open your books at page …/Find page …/Turn to page …
(86)Please answer the question/questions./Please answer my question(s).
(87)Please read this letter/word/sentence out loud./Please read out this letter/word/sentence.
(88)Please stop now./Stop now, please./Stop here, please.
(89)Clean up your desk/the classroom, please.
(90)It’s clean-up time./Tidy up your desk/the classroom.
(91)Put your things away./Clean off your desk./Pick up the scraps.
(92)Clean the blackboard.
(93)Plug in the tape-recorder, please.
(94)Put the tape-recorder away.
(95)Put the tape in its box/cassette.
(96)Listen and repeat.
(97)Look and listen.
(98)Repeat after me.
(99)Follow the words.
(100)Fast./Quickly!/Be quick, please.
(101)Hurry!/Hurry up, please.
(102)Slow down, please.
(103)Slowly.
(104)Bring me some chalk, please.
8. 鼓励 (Encouraging)
(66)Can you try?
(67)Try, please.
(68)Try your best./Do your best.
(69)Think it over and try again.
(70)Don’t be afraid/shy.
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