【题目】把下面的句子改为宾语从句。
【1】“What are you doing?” Mom asked Kangkang.
______________________________________________
【2】“I don’t like it at all.” said Jane.
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【3】“Where can I find the post office?” I asked.
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【4】“I’m wearing a Yao costume.” Maria told us.
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【答案】
【1】Mom asked Kangkang what he was doing.
【2】Jane said (that) she didn’t like it at all.
【3】I asked where I could find the post office.
【4】Maria told us (that) she was wearing a Yao costume.
【解析】
【1】句意:妈妈问康康他在做什么。
考查宾语从句的用法。题干中直接引语“What are you doing?”为特殊疑问句。改成间接引语时,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达,语序改为陈述句语序。直接引语的时态为现在进行时且主句为过去时态。变成间接引语时时态应用过去进行时。故答案为:Mom asked Kangkang what he was doing。
【2】句意:简说她一点也不喜欢。
考查宾语从句的用法。题干中直接引语“I don’t like it at all”为陈述句。用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said,也可用told来代替,直接引语的时态为一般进行时且主句为过去时态。故间接引语的时态应为一般过去时。故答案为:Jane said (that) she didn’t like it at all。
【3】句意:我问在哪里可以找到邮局?
考查宾语从句的用法。题干中直接引语“Where can I find the post office?”为特殊疑问句。改成间接引语时,原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达,语序改为陈述句语序。主句的为第一人陈I,从句的第一人称随主句的主语变化。直接引语的时态为一般进行时且主句为过去时态。故间接引语的时态应为一般过去时。故答案为:I asked where I could find the post office。
【4】句意:玛丽亚告诉我们她穿着瑶族的服装。
考查宾语从句的用法。题干中直接引语“I’m wearing a Yao costume”为陈述句。用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said,也可用told来代替,直接引语的时态为现在进行时且主句为过去时态。故间接引语的时态应为过去进行时。故答案为:Maria told us (that) she was wearing a Yao costume.。
直接引语和间接引语
I.时态变化
直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句为过去时态,变为间接引语的宾语从句的时态如下表:
![]()
II.如何变句型
①直接引语如果是陈述句,间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句、选择疑问句或一般疑问句,间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句,间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句(宾语从句必须用陈述句语序)。
④直接引语如果是祈使句,间接引语应改为“tell (ask) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。
⑤直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常用“suggest +动名词(或从句)。”
⑥直接引语是感叹句时,间接引语为what 或how 引导,也可以用that 引导。
⑦如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句,在变为间接引语时,只改变主句中的谓语动词,从句的一般过去时则不变。
III.人称变化
遵从一主二宾三不变
一主:从句的第一人称随主句的主语变化。
二宾:从句的第二人称随主句的宾语变化。
三不变:从句的第三人称不需要变化。
IV.注意
在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时,时态一般不变化。
①直接引语是客观真理。
②主句谓语为一般现在时,变间接引语时,若主句谓语时态不变仍为一般现在时,从句时态也不变。
③直接引语是一般现在时,且表示反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。
④直接引语为谚语警句或名人名言时,时态不变。
⑤直接引语为客观事实真理,时态不变。
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