【题目】官吏选拔是政治文明的重要组成部分,反映了人类的政治智慧。阅读材料,回答问题。
材料一
关于苏格拉底被判处死刑的材料
雅典人口总数 | 雅典公民总数 | 陪审、审判人员及产生方式 | 表决形式 | 程序 | 罪名 | ||
陪审员 | 审判员 | 产生方式 | |||||
约40万 | 约4.2万 | 6000 | 501 | 抽签 | 举手 | 一审制 | 怠慢神和蛊惑青年 |
材料二
唐代科举考试的主要科目及内容
科目 | 初试 | 二试 | 三试 |
明经 | 选《礼记》或《左传》之一及《孝经》《论语》《尔雅》,每经帖十条 | 口答诸经大义十条 | 答时务策三道 |
进士 | 选《礼记》或《左传》之一及《尔雅》,每经帖十条 | 作诗、赋、文各一篇 | 作时务策五道 |
——陈茂同《中国历代选官制度》
(1)据材料一回答,古代雅典公职人员的选拔有什么特点?并做简要评价。
(2)据材料二概括唐代科举制的特点。
(3)对比材料一、二,指出二者在官吏(公职人员)选拔上的异同点。
【答案】(1)特点:面向公民,抽签产生。
评价:利,有利于调动公民的参政积极性;有利于维护雅典民主政治。弊,选拔不具有广泛性;忽视了公职人员的能力与品德(个人素质);容易导致权力的滥用和误用。
(2)特点:分科考试;分级筛选;注重考查儒家经典和诗赋文章;注重考查解决实际问题的能力。(3分,答出3点即可)
(3)相同:都体现了公平性;都有利于调动人们的参政积极性。
不同:雅典,民主,不能保证公职人员的素质;维护奴隶主民主政治。唐朝,专制,注重个人才能,维护封建专制统治。
【解析】第(1)问,据材料一的表格可知,雅典民主的选举官员来源于公民,据“表决形式”可知是抽签方式产生;据材料和所学知识可知:雅典民主有其积极的意义,即可以广泛调动公民参政,一定程度维护雅典民主;局限性则是选举的范围比较小;抽签选举不利于人才的选拨;选举性质是原始直接民主,易产生权利的滥用。
第(2)问,结合表格中信息初试、二试、三试,明经、进士、《礼记》,答时务策,从考试内容、考查能力、考查方式等方面分析。
第(3)问,依据材料一和材料二可知二者均体现了一定的公平,都有利于调动人们的积极性。不同的是雅典是古代希腊原始的直接民主,是一种民主制度,但是以抽签方式轮流坐庄,不利于官员素质的保证;唐朝是封建专制社会,但是利于保证官员个人才能。
科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】B
Facebook is launching a news mobile app called Notify with subscription content from media partners like the Washington Post and Vogue. The Notify app lets users subscribe to content from media partners on their smartphones. Facebook will be able to add news alerts in its daily notifications to a global audience.
Facebook's "renewed push into mobile news reflects a big, global shift in media consumption patterns," said the Financial Times. Facebook's profit and revenue growth reflected this shift in media. The world's largest social media platform said its third-quarter revenue grew to $4.5 billion on the strength of its mobile advertising.
Facebook, with 500 million users, has doubled its daily page views to 8 billion since April. The company also owns Instagram, a mobile photo and video-sharing app with 400 million users. Analysts were optimistic about Instagram's future growth. Research firm eMarketer predicted global mobile advertising revenues for Instagram will reach $2.8 billion by 2017, up from $595 million this year. This represents over 10 percent of Facebook's global advertising revenues.
This strong showing has positioned Facebook to compete with major social media companies as an advertising force, said analysts. "Facebook will drive growth and capture nearly 65% of social network ad revenues in 2015," reported eMarketer. "In the medium to long run, we believe that we're not competing between Facebook and Instagram. We're competing with other forms of media," Sandberg, Facebook's Chief Operating Officer, told analysts on a conference call. She said Facebook wants to grow in emerging markets and bring more people online who are not using the Internet.
The advertising environment on social media is very competitive. Social media platforms are fighting for customers on laptops, tablets, phones and even watches. Twitter is one of Facebook's competitors. Twitter's advertising revenues have slowed as the company struggles to add new users, reported the Wall Street Journal. Another competitor, Google, is selling more advertisements for less money on its own sites, said Ad Age.
【1】Facebook launches Notify in order to________.
A. gain the chance to cooperate with the Washington Post and Vogue
B. increase the number of its users
C. let its global audience watch news alerts on their smartphones
D. reflect a big, global shift in media consumption patterns
【2】Facebook’s third-quarter revenue rose to_________.
A. $4.5 billion B. 8 billion
C. $2.8 billion D. $595 million
【3】What do we know about Instagram?
A. It has 500 million users.
B. Analysts were pessimistic about Instagram's future growth
C. It is a mobile photo and video-sharing app
D. Global mobile advertising revenues for Instagram has increased to $2.8 billion
【4】According to Sheryl Sandberg, which is Not Facebook’s competitor?
A. Apple B. Twitter C. Google D. Instagram
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科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Editor,
I’m a senior high student. Now many students use mobile phones frequent .They think it’s a fashion to use mobile phones .Beside , it’s very convenient to get in the touch with their families and friend by using mobile phones. And some students break the rules in class. They bring their mobile phones to the classroom and we often hear the ring of mobile phones in class. Some of them even waste precious time in class typed short messages on the mobile phones .
In my opinions ,the classroom is a place which students gain knowledge . So those with mobile phones shouldn’t bring mobile phones to the classroom . We are supposed to concentrate on our studies. The teachers should do what they can forbid the students to use mobile phones in the classroom.
Yours ,
Wang Li
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科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】在中国历史上,专制主义中央集权制度似乎是一个永恒的政治主题。不同时期有不同的中枢权力体系及其相应的地方控制体系。阅读下列材料,然后回答问题。
材料一
初并天下,令丞相、御史曰:“……寡人以眇眇之身,兴兵诛暴乱……六王咸伏其辜,天下大定。今名号不更,无以称成功,传后世,其议帝号。”
——《史记》
材料二
“新皇帝……废除了所有的封建国家和王国,将广阔的国土划分成为若干行政区,每一行政区 都配备一批由中央政府任命,并向中央政府负责的官员”。
——选自《全球通史》
材料三
两汉时期,皇帝对丞相待之以礼。丞相谒见皇帝时,皇帝起立,赐丞相座。丞相病了,皇帝还要亲自去探视。隋唐时期的宰相大臣上朝奏事也有座位。但到宋朝,宰相只能站着同皇帝议事。据说是宋太祖改变这一做法的,有一天,宰相范质等人向宋太祖奏事,开始时,大臣们还坐着,宋太祖称自己眼睛昏花看不清,让大臣们近前指给他看。等范质等人回到原处,座位已被撤掉。此后宰相大臣就只好站在皇帝面前议事了。明代自朱元璋起,明文规定“大朝议”须“众官皆跪”。清朝的官僚上朝,跪地时间特别长,以至于大臣们都备有特别的护膝。
(1)据材料一分析“寡人”指的是谁?涉及他创建的有哪些重要政治制度?
(2)材料二反映了什么样的历史信息?据材料与所学知识,分析材料中推行的这一政治制度的历史作用?
(3)在加强君主专制中央集权方面,包含着众多的矛盾和问题。试根据以上三则材料归纳其中最主要的两大矛盾。由汉到明清,宰相大臣由坐到站再到跪的上朝礼仪变化,反映了怎样的历史发展趋势?
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科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
When a dog loses a leg, the animal eventually figures out the best way to get around on three legs. In a short time, the dog learns to deal with its physical 【1】 (disable)
Now, scientists have developed robots that behave 【2】 the same way. Jeff Clune ,a computer scientist , says robots can be sent to a lot of places 【3】 (say) to be unsafe. "The problem is that all of those types of situations and environment are 【4】 (extreme) unpredictable. And it is very likely that robots and humans in those situations become damaged."
He and other scientists are developing technology so that robots 【5】 (continue) operating after the first sign of injury. They want the machines to have the ability 【6】 (make) changes and continue performing 【7】 they can be repaired.
So far the researchers 【8】 (add) one more operation to the skill of robotsworking under difficult conditions. They say they programmed a new robot, 【9】 with six legs, and a robotic arm to learn how to deal with injury.
Mr. Clune says that once the robots become damaged, they use their knowledge of 【10】 their body works to find a way to deal with the damage.
The whole process takes about a minute for the robots to find a way to overcome damage.
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科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】根据材料并结合所学知识回答问题。
材料 1896年,梁启超曾说,“今夫五洲万国之名,太阳、地球之位,西人五尺童子,皆能知之”,而中国即使“近今之通人”也知之甚少,其中原因是“书之备与不备也”。他说:“今以西人声光、化电、农矿、工商诸学,与吾中国考据、词章、帖括、家言相较,其所知之简与繁,相去几何矣。”而“西国一切条教号令,备哉灿烂、实为致治之本,富强之由。今之译出者,何寥寥也?彼中艺术,日出日新,愈变愈上,新者一出,旧者尽废。今之各书译成,率在二十年前,彼认视之,已为陈言矣。”因此,他认为:“国家欲自强,以多译西书为本;学着欲自离,臆度读西书为功。”
——据《饮冰室合集》
(1)根据材料,概括梁启超对引进西学的认识。
(2)根据材料并结合所学知识,简析梁启超引进西学主张的意义。
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科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】阅读材料,完成下列要求。
材料一 英国财富多于前代不止数千倍,人民的贫穷甚于前代也不止数千倍,并且富者极少,贫者极多。中国应当设法避免出现资本主义社会那种贫富不均,防之道为何?即凡天然之富源,如煤、铁、水力、矿油等,及社令之恩惠,如城市之土地、交通之要点等,与夫一切垄断性质之事业,悉当归国家经营,以所获利益,归之国家公用。核定地价,平均地权,按价征稅,价重者税也重,而价轻者税也轻,得享平均之利益,至公平也。中国乃是极贫之国,非振兴实业不能救贫。要解决民生问题,一定要发达资本,振兴实业。
——据《孙中山全集》
材料二 1924年在国民党第一次全国代表大会宣言中,孙中山表示:“本国人及外国人之企业,或有独占性质,或规模过大为私人之力所不能办者,如银行、铁道、铁路之属,由国家经营管理之,使私有资本制度不能操纵国民之生计,此则节制资本之要旨也。”这里节制的“资本”即指私人资本、也指外来资本,最重要的目的是发展国家资本。孙中山节制资本,仍然是为了保障多数人的权益,发展国家资本,让全国人民得益。
——摘编自冯洁《“科学社会主义”概念在中国近代的发展脉络》
(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识,指出孙中山主张实行民生主义的依据及其措施。
(2)根据材料二并结合所学知识,指出孙中山的经济思想及其提出的原因。
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科目:高中地理 来源: 题型:
【题目】
—He didn’t feel a bit nervous when ________.
—No.He’d had a lot of time ________ for it after all.
A. interviewing;to prepare
B. interviewed;to prepare
C. interviewing;preparing
D. being interviewed;preparing
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