【题目】阅读下列材料，回答问题。

材料一亚里士多德在《尼各马科伦理学》中讨论普遍的“善”时说：“最好先讨论普遍的善，看看争论到底在哪里。尽管这种讨论有点使人为难，因为‘理念’的学说是我们尊敬的人提出来的。不过作为一个哲学家，较好的选择应该是维护真理而牺牲个人的友情，二者都是我们所珍爱的，但人的责任却要我们更尊重真理。

材料二亚里士多德（AriSlotle，前384—前322）在他的哲学名著《形而上学》认为柏拉图理念论最大的弱点，在于不承认现实世界的真实性。他认为自然界是客观的、真实的存在，人们的认识来自对客观世界的感觉，没有感觉就没有认识。他在《政治学》一书中又批评理想国家的设想，认为这种设想不符合社会实际。

（1）材料一中“尊敬的人”指的是谁？根据材料二，指出亚里士多德更尊重真理的具体表现。

（2）从上述材料来看，亚里士多德对其“尊敬的人”持何种态度？体现了什么精神？

【题目】1862年，英国人在上海的《北华捷报》载：“太平革命是一场血污的运动……它不是反清的革命，而只是反对一切安乐的、富有的以及和平的人民的血腥的‘十字军’……谁能说尽太平军给中国社会和物质繁荣带来的痛苦与破坏？”该报刊的观点

A．认识到太平天国运动有利于近代化的主流因素

B．认识到太平天国运动摧毁文明阻碍发展的一面

C．肯定了太平天国运动要打碎旧世界的坚定决心

D．完全否定了太平天国运动是一场反帝爱国斗争

【题目】下表是第二次鸦片战争中主要战役的中外兵力对比情况（单位：人）。此表主要反映

A．清政府的腐败无能 B．英法综合实力强大

C．清军顽强抵抗 D．清朝军队装备陈旧

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

This season millions of Americans will celebrate with turkey on the table. But it can’t 【1】 (consider) to have changed American culture more than its cousin, the chicken.

When English settlers arrived at Jamestown, they 【2】 (bring) some chickens. However, the popularity of chickens soon faded because of plenty of much 【3】 (taste) native animals. But slaves who were not allowed 【4】 (raise) horses, cattle or pigs benefited from the fact, especially those from West Africa, 【5】 raising chickens had a long history. Many slaves could make money 【6】 raising chickens. At that time black cooks were in a position to influence their masters’ 【7】 (choose)of dishes, and they 【8】 (natural)favored the meat raised by their friends and relatives. One of the West African dishes 【9】 (prefer) by white people was chicken pieces fried in oil — the meal that now, around the world, is considered American.

Today chicken is cheap, and it has become America’s favorite meat. In the land of the hamburger, we eat more of it than beef.

So as we celebrate 【10】 give thanks this season, take a moment to consider the chicken. The bird that gets little respect is the creature that has given us more than we know.

【题目】在1925年毛泽东在一首词中写道：“……恰同学少年，风华正茂，书生意气，挥斥方遒。指点江山，激扬文字……”。这一时期，毛泽东“激扬文字”主要表现在

A．写出《中国社会各阶级分析》和《湖南农民运动考察报告》

B．写出《井冈山的斗争》和《中国的红色政权为什么能够存在？》

C．发表《论持久战》和《新民主主义论》

D．发表《论人民民主专政》和《论十大关系》

【题目】读下列材料，回答问题。

材料一 “工人革命的第一步就是使无产阶级上升为统治阶级，争得民主。”让统治阶级在共产主义革命面前发抖吧。无产者在这个革命中失去的只是锁链。他们获得的将是整个世界。”

——《共产党宣言》

材料二 虽然直到1917年俄国革命，社会主义者没有赢得任何政府的控制权，但是他们的批评，连同保守者和自由主义者一起，在说服政府革除早期工业化的弊端，为工人阶级提供保障方面起了巨大作用。……1832年伊始，一系列法案扩大了男性公民选举权，财产资格的限制大大降低，这为最终实现男性公民的普选权铺平了道路。……19世纪80年代，德国在奥托·冯·俾斯麦的领导下，引入医疗保险、失业补偿金与养老金，为劳动大众提供社会保障。

——【美】杰里·本特利赫伯特·齐格勒《新全球通史——文明的传承与交流》

材料三 本本主义的社会科学研究法也同样是最危险的，甚至可能走上反革命的道路……我们说马克思主义是对的，决不是因为马克思这个人是什么“先哲”，而是因为他的理论，在我们的实践中，在我们的斗争中，证明了是对的。

——毛泽东《反对本本主义》

（1）据材料一，指出“工人革命”的目的。据材料二，概括“工人运动”对西方资本主义发展的客观作用。说明马克思主义与工人运动之间的关系。

（2）据材料三，归纳毛泽东对马克思主义的看法。结合20世纪20年代中国革命方面的史实，说明这一主张在思想和实践方面的主要表现。

（3）综合上述材料，谈谈你对马克思主义的认识。

【题目】毛泽东在《论联合政府》报告中指出：“放手发动群众，壮大人民力量，在我党的领导下……解放全国人民，建立一个新民主主义的中国。”该报告发表于

A．国民革命运动时期 B．国共十年对峙时期

C．抗日战争时期 D．解放战争时期

【题目】B

When Beijing is hit by smog, residents often joke that the Chinese capital needs to build giant fans to clear out the polluted air. Mountains to the north and west help trap smog in the city, and a strong wind from Mongolia is the surest way to ensure cleaner air.

Beijing officials are now considering ways to help that process. Though giant fans are not on the menu, at least not yet, city planners are looking at ways to create corridors (走廊)that encourage wind flow through the capital. The plan is inspired by research on urban heat islands, which shows that large buildings that block the wind are one of the causes of higher average temperatures in cities as opposed to those in the countryside.

“This isn’t controlling pollution. It’s shifting the problem.” Wang Bing, a Beijing-based author, wrote on Sina Weibo. But the plan has received some interest from residents who have grown tired of repeated periods of heavy pollution.

Peng Yingdeng, an air pollution expert at the Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, told the newspaper that the plan was more likely to require an adjustment of related laws to limit building heights and numbers in some areas. Similar proposals are under consideration in other major Chinese cities including Hangzhou, Nanjing, Shenyang and Wuhan.

“This kind of work to search for ways to reduce pollution is really worth applauding,” the state-run news agency Xinhua said in a commentary. “If scientists confirm it is effective, then we should promote it on a much larger scale.”

Some experts have expressed doubts whether the plan would make a significant difference. Serious pollution is usually associated with periods of little or no wind, and air corridors do little good if the wind isn’t blowing, Song Guojun, an environmental science professor told The Beijing News. Solving the air pollution problem mainly requires controlling pollution sources.

【1】Why do people say “the Chinese capital needs to build giant fans”?

A. Because the weather in Beijing is very hot.

B. Because they think air corridors are a good idea.

C. Because Beijing is surrounded by mountains.

D. Because the pollution is too serious.

【2】What is Wang Bing’ s attitude towards the construction of air corridors?

A. Disapproval. B. Supportive.

C. Cautious. D. Optimistic.

【3】Using air corridors to solve pollution problem largely depends on ______.

A. electricity B. wind

C. technology D. laws

【4】What is the solution to pollution problem according to Song Guojun?

A. To build giants fans.

B. To construct air corridors.

C. To control pollution sources.

D. To take the cars off the road.

【题目】C

First Lady Michelle Obama is on a five-day trip to Asia. She is visiting Japan and Cambodia to help publicize a program called "Let Girls Learn". Administration officials set up the campaign to support the education of millions of girls worldwide.

Before her trip, Mrs. Obama and her husband noted the inability of an estimated 62million girls to attend school. They said educating the girls should be a foreign policy goal.

This week, Mrs. Obama criticized the fact that tens of millions of girls are not receiving a satisfactory education. In her opinion piece, she wrote this failure to educate girls was more than "a tragic waste of potential". It is both a serious public health issue and a problem for the economic health of nations and the world. She also said it was "a threat to the security of countries around the world".

The First Lady noted by 2012, every part of the developing world was educating both girls and boys in primary schools. But this is not the case in secondary education. She wrote in some areas girls face "the cultural values and practices that limit the prospects of women in their societies."

The Obama administration launched the "Let Girls Learn" campaign earlier this month. At the time, Mrs. Obama noted plans to involve the U.S. Peace Corps, and the Volunteer Development Agency.

"This effort will draw on the talent and energy of the nearly 7,000 Peace Corps volunteers serving in more than 60 countries. Through this effort, Peace Corps will be supporting hundreds of new community projects to help girls go to school and stay in school. And, I want to emphasize that these programs will be community-generated and community-led. They will be based on solutions devised by local leaders, families and yes, even the girls themselves."

President Obama also spoke at the same White House event, saying that campaign is important to his administration.

【1】Why did Michelle Obama make the trip to Asia?

A. To get help from Peace Corps.

B. To set up the "Let Girls Learn" program.

C. To promote an educational program.

D. To develop Japan-US relationship.

【2】These statements may be Michelle Obama’s opinion EXCEPT_____.

A. girls in developing countries have greater potential than boys

B. girls have the same right to receive higher education

C. having girls educated should be a foreign policy goal

D. failing to educate girls affects the world’s economic

【3】What is the main idea of the sixth paragraph?

A. How the Peace Corps are organized.

B. What the plan for the campaign is.

C. Who are in charge of the program.

D. Where the campaign will be carried out.

【4】What may be talked about in the next paragraph?

A. The achievements they have achieved.

B. The measures they have taken.

C. The possible problems they will meet.

D. The importance of the educational program.

【题目】书面表达

假设你是王平，最近收到英国网友Tom的来信，他在信中询问你对于大学专业的选择问题，请你以王平的名义写一封回信，信中包括：

1. 选择专业要根据自己的兴趣、特长；

2. 参考别人的意见，不要盲目报考热门专业；

3. 希望他能考入理想的大学。

注意：1. 词数：100左右；

2．文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；

3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Tom,

I’m glad to hear from you．_________________________________________________

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Yours sincerely,

Wang Ping