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    　　Human needs seem endless．When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view．

    　　The many needs of mankind might be made up of several levels．When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears．

    　　The first and most basic level of needs involves food．Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears．By the end of World War Ⅱ, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans．Then a third level appeared．It included such items as automobiles and new houses．

    　　By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied．Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared：the“life-enriching”level．While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feed in comfort, safety and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement and happiness．It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called“luxury” items．Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation．Also included here are fancy goods and the latest fashions．

    　　On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods．Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?

    　　A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action．Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice．After falling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth and our minds, we now may seek to ensure health, safety and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels．

    (1)

    Man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when he has ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    saved up enough money

    B．

    grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter

    C．

    satisfied his need of food

    D．

    learned to build houses

    (2)

    It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    were very rich

    B．

    lived in poverty

    C．

    had their new houses

    D．

    did not own automobiles

    (3)

    Which of the following is NOT related to“physical satisfaction”?

    [　　]

    A．

    Watching a football match．

    B．

    A comfortable home．

    C．

    A good meal．

    D．

    A family car．

    (4)

    What is people's main concern on the fourth level?

    [　　]

    A．

    More goods．

    B．

    More mental satisfaction．

    C．

    Community action．

    D．

    More earnings．

    (5)

    The author tends to think that the fifth level ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    would be easier to attain than the fourth level

    B．

    would be more concerned with social services

    C．

    would lose interest in“physical satisfaction”

    D．

    would be attainable before the government takes actions

    答案：1．C;2．D;3．A;4．B;5．B;
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    　　For most of us, success in school has very little to do with actual learning．The most important thing you have to master is how to play the grade(分数)games．　　1　　 you think out your own strategies(策略)for getting high marks, everything 　　2　　 up to you．You may be 　　3　　 to a well-known college or win a scholarship, 　　4　　 to mention gaining the admiration(赞美)of your teachers and parents．

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