A long walk in the desert or the mountains can be exciting. And it’s a great way to keep fit. If you carry a tent and some food, you can camp overnight. But wild places can be dangerous. Here’s how you can enjoy walking and camping safely.

Before your trip

☆ Tell someone where you are going and when you expect to return. If you don’t return on time, the people at home will know that you are lost or in trouble. They will know where to look for you.

☆ Make sure you’ve got a good map of the area that you’re going to.

☆ Make sure you’ve packed the right equipment for your activities. The desert is often hot, but nights can be very cold, and sometimes there are big rainstorms. In the mountains, the weather can change suddenly. A sunny day can turn cold and cloudy quickly.

The tools for survival(生存)

Sunglasses, sun hat, sun cream, windproof jacket, good walking shoes or boots, food, water, maps, compass, first-aid kit, matches, rope, knife, ground sheet,

the pack to carry your equipment.

What to do if you get lost

☆ If you’re in a car and it has broken down, stay with your car.

☆ If you are not traveling by car, make yourself easy to see. A signal fire can be seen at night. During the day, smoke may be used to show where you are. A brightly-colored blanket(毯子) may help rescuers to find you.

☆ Stay where you are.

☆ If you walk for any reason, avoid walking during the hottest part of the day. Morning and evening walking is better for saving your energy water.

☆ Keep yourself away from the rain, wind and sun, but remember: try to make yourself be in sight.

1.According to the passage, we should make a fire to _________. 

   A. show where we are                                   B. keep warm at night

   C. cook our meal                                              D. drive animals away

2.If we get injured, we can choose ________from the following tools.

   A. a ground sheet                                            B. a first aid kit

C. matches                                                    D. sun cream

3.What can we know from the passage?

   A. A map and a compass will show the right direction to us.

   B. It is a secret for us to tell where to go or when to return.

   C. We should leave our car when it breaks down in the desert.

   D. We have to keep walking while the sun is shining brightly.

Recent research from the Pew Internet Project suggests that 90% of Americans aged from 12 to 17 use the Internet, and 51% of those teens use social networks. However, there are many possible problems with social networking sites and the teenagers who use them.

    Apart from the social advantages, social networking sites can be used to record school research, develop artistic talents and experiment with other forms of subject creation. They provide a way to communicate with others who share the same interests and to get helpful advice on ongoing projects.

Along with these advantages come some dangers. For example, most social networking sites are open to all, especially MySpace, which is the most popular social network among teens in America. It means that they could be put in unpleasant and frightening situations.

A greater danger is that teens may become objects of the people with secret purposes. The secrecy of some social networking sites makes it easy for dangerous people to find young teens and invite them into dangerous conversations. It’s easy for them to pretend as teens and draw children into dangerous real-world communication as well. Then further hurt might be on its way.

Another danger is identity stealing, which can happen when teens share too much information about their names, dates of birth and locations.

    Therefore, it’s very important to make sure teens are safe when they use social networks.

    Many of the same rules that work for online chat work for these sites:

※ Don’t use your real name.

※ Don’t give out personal information to people you don’t know. A last name and a town

are enough for a bad guy to find where you are.

※ Don’t believe that people are who they say to be.

※ Immediately end any communication that makes you uncomfortable and report it to a

       parent.

Only if you are sure of your safety, can you enjoy the fun brought by social networking. Besides, trying to deal with all problems on your own can lead to terrible results. Remember, asking your parents or school officials for help doesn’t mean you are unable to do anything but wiser than many others.                                             

1.How many dangers of using social networks are mentioned in the passage?

A. 2.                 B. 3.                C. 4.                D. 5.

2.The writer takes MySpace as an example to show that ________.

A. students could be put into unreal situations on the Internet

B. teenagers are facing unknown dangers on the social networks

C. Internet provides more social websites to American teenagers

D. social networks are very popular among teenagers in America

3.We can infer from the passage that ________.

A. the dangers are similar when chatting online and surfing social networks

B. more than half American teenagers aged from 12 to 17 use social networks

C. teens who ask for help are wiser when meeting problems on social networks

D. there are more disadvantages than advantages for teens to use social networks

完形填空（共12分，每小题1分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Haircuts from the Heart

Even though Rebecca didn't enjoy having long hair, still, month after month for two and a half years, Rebecca let her hair grow until it nearly reached her waist. At the right time,  1   would donate（捐献）her beautiful hair to a group in Palm Springs, Florida called Locks of Love.
Locks of Love is a special   2  called a charity(慈善机构). The members of this group work to help others in need.   3  the healthy cut hair that Rebecca sends them, they will have a wig(假发) made for a child who needs it. Children who need wigs are those who   4   all their hair because of illness or as a side effect from certain medicines they have to   5  . Rebecca's hair will be used to help replace the   6   that another child has lost. It will also replace some of the bad feelings that child may have from not having hair.
The day finally came to cut her long hair. Rebecca had chosen a beauty  7   in her city that gave to the Locks of Love program. The hairstylist who worked there took the time to make sure Rebecca's hair was cut and packaged properly .
First the hairstylist made sure that Rebecca's hair was clean, dry, and not damaged by chemicals. The hairstylist also made sure that the cut hair would be at least ten inches long. Then he cut Rebecca's hair. Rebecca had   8   to have her cut hair bundled into a ponytail（绑成马尾辫）. She took great   9   in placing the cut ponytail into a plastic bag and then an envelope to be mailed to Locks of Love. Finally as her reward, Rebecca's   10   hair was styled.
Now with short hair, Rebecca made another important decision. She decided to let it grow long again. 11   she will give it to Locks of Love. Judging from last time, she   12  it will take about three years. Even though Rebecca no longer has long hair, she certainly has a big heart.

Driving a car at a high speed along a highway seems to be fun. You only need to follow the bright traffic signs beside the highway and it will take you where you wish to go.
But to a London taxi driver, driving is not an easy job. A taxi driver needs to have not only good driving skills but also a good knowledge of the city of London, from the loneliest street to the most popular restaurant around. He has to be at the service of all kinds of passengers at all times.
A London taxi driver said the following about his job.
During the night it is usual for him to stop two or three times for some food. He said," I never drink when I am driving, or I would lose my license."
He normally goes home between two and three o'clock in the morning. There are times he has to stay longer and try to make more runs. He said, “That's the worst thing about working for yourself. If you don't make money, no one is gong to give it to you."
London taxi drivers not only "take" but also "give". Every summer hundreds of poor children from London go for a day at the sea-by taxi. Their rides are paid by the taxi drivers. At the sea, they are met by the mayor(市长),and a lunch party is also held for the taxi drivers and the children. After a happy day's running around the beaches and visiting the market there, the children go home again by taxi, free of charge of course.
【小题1】London taxi drivers try to make more runs sometimes mainly because_______.