A is for always getting to work on time.

B is for being extremely busy.

C is for the conscientious（勤勤恳恳的） way you do your job.

You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.

Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise—many people are still unable or unwilling—to “play the game”.

“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative（工于心计的） behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University, “But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying（游说）and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”

In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behaviors used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some forms of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.

“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P.Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’ s simple human nature.”

Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery(奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.

Experts suggest altering（改变） this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.

1.“Office politics” （Line 2,Para.4） is used in the passage to refer to____.

 A. the political views and beliefs of office workers

 B. the interpersonal relationships within a company

 C. the various qualities required for a successful career

D. the code of behavior for company staff

2.Why are many people unwilling to "play the game" (Line 4, Para. 5) ?

A. They believe that doing so is impractical.

B. They feel that such behavior is unprincipled(不道德的). 

C. They are not good at manipulating colleagues. 

D. They think the effort will get them nowhere.

3.To get promoted, one must not only be competent but____.

A. avoid being too outstanding

B. get along well with his colleagues

C. honest and loyal to his company

D. give his boss a good impression

4.It is the author’ s view that____.

 A. self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery

 B. hard work contributes very little to one’ s promotion

 C. many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery

 D. speaking up for oneself is part of human nature

A proverb is a short, well-known saying that conveys 1.______ common truth or belief. Marty proverbs give advice about how to live.

For example, my daughter is very short. She would like to be 2.______. But I tell her that good things come in small packages. Some valuable things are very small, like diamonds and other jewels. But I also tell my children that all 3.______ glitters is not gold. Don't be fooled by appearances. 4.______ may look valuable, but may not really be valuable. Sometimes I tell my children to cooperate to solve a problem. After all, two heads are better than 5.______. Two people working together can get better results. But another proverb says too many cooks spoil the broth (??). 6. ______ too many people try to do something, then the job will not be done well.

Finally, I always like the proverb: You can catch more flies with honey than 7.______ vinegar. Honey is sweet while vinegar is not. In other words, you can win people to your side more easily with gentle persuasion 8.______ by hostile actions.

A Shelter for the Homeless
Last summer I was a volunteer (志愿者) at a shelter for the homeless, a place for homeless people to sleep at night. I wasn’t working that summer and was1only two classes in summer school, so I had some2time.
Three nights a week, I 3in the kitchen of the shelter along with four other volunteers. We planned and 4for 45 people hot meals 5vegetables, chicken, fish and fruit. The homeless people 6this good food because many of them usually didn’t eat well.
I 7this volunteer work, making 8with the four volunteers in the kitchen. One was a very nice elderly housewife, one a movie actor, another a young teacher, and the other a college student, 9me.
I talked to a lot of the homeless people at the shelter. Their life stories 10me with sympathy (同情). Some of them had 11with alcohol (酒) or drugs while others only had bad12. One woman worked for almost 30 years for a small company, and 13she lost her job. She looked for a 14job,but couldn’t find one, for she was too 15. She could do nothing but sell her furniture — sofas, chairs, and tables16 she could pay for her food.The woman 17on job hunting, but she18couldn’t find one.She had no money for her 19and had to sleep in her car. Then she had to sell her car. Alone, 20, and homeless, she finally came to the shelter.

1. 1.
   1. A.
      studying
   2. B.
      planning
   3. C.
      holding
   4. D.
      taking
2. 2.
   1. A.
      full
   2. B.
      free
   3. C.
      extra
   4. D.
      long
3. 3.
   1. A.
      helped
   2. B.
      waited
   3. C.
      appeared
   4. D.
      washed
4. 4.
   1. A.
      ordered
   2. B.
      bought
   3. C.
      cooked
   4. D.
      finished
5. 5.
   1. A.
      with
   2. B.
      from
   3. C.
      by
   4. D.
      in
6. 6.
   1. A.
      demanded
   2. B.
      needed
   3. C.
      collected
   4. D.
      requested
7. 7.
   1. A.
      wanted
   2. B.
      had
   3. C.
      owned
   4. D.
      enjoyed
8. 8.
   1. A.
      decisions
   2. B.
      wishes
   3. C.
      friends
   4. D.
      changes
9. 9.
   1. A.
      as
   2. B.
      like
   3. C.
      except
   4. D.
      besides
10. 10.
    1. A.
       struck
    2. B.
       filled
    3. C.
       seized
    4. D.
       provided
11. 11.
    1. A.
       habits
    2. B.
       worries
    3. C.
       difficulties
    4. D.
       problems
12. 12.
    1. A.
       luck
    2. B.
       pain
    3. C.
       experience
    4. D.
       loss
13. 13.
    1. A.
       so
    2. B.
       again
    3. C.
       then
    4. D.
       thus
14. 14.
    1. A.
       good
    2. B.
       fresh
    3. C.
       skilled
    4. D.
       new
15. 15.
    1. A.
       old
    2. B.
       poor
    3. C.
       sick
    4. D.
       dull
16. 16.
    1. A.
       if
    2. B.
       because
    3. C.
       so that
    4. D.
       in case
17. 17.
    1. A.
       went
    2. B.
       moved
    3. C.
       came
    4. D.
       worked
18. 18.
    1. A.
       also
    2. B.
       still
    3. C.
       almost
    4. D.
       even
19. 19.
    1. A.
       block
    2. B.
       cottage
    3. C.
       building
    4. D.
       flat
20. 20.
    1. A.
       afraid
    2. B.
       shy
    3. C.
       shocked
    4. D.
       mad

A is for always getting to work on time.
B is for being extremely busy.
C is for the conscientious(勤勤恳恳的) way you do your job.
You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.
Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise—many people are still unable or unwilling—to “play the game”.
“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative(工于心计的) behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying(游说) and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying, to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”
In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.
“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human nature.”
Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery(奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.
Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.

1. 1.

   “Office politics” is used in the passage to refer to________.

   1. A.
      the political views and beliefs of office workers
   2. B.
      the interpersonal relationships within a company
   3. C.
      the various qualities required for a successful career
   4. D.
      the code of behavior for company staff
2. 2.

   To get promoted, one must not only be competent but________.

   1. A.
      avoid being too outstanding
   2. B.
      get along well with his colleagues
   3. C.
      honest and loyal to his company
   4. D.
      give his boss a good impression
3. 3.

   The author considers office politics to be________.

   1. A.
      unwelcome at the workplace
   2. B.
      bad for interpersonal relationships
   3. C.
      an important factor for personal advancement
   4. D.
      indispensable to the development of company culture
4. 4.

   It is the author’s view that________.

   1. A.
      self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery
   2. B.
      hard work contributes very little to one’s promotion
   3. C.
      many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery
   4. D.
      speaking up for oneself is part of human nature

A is for always getting to work on time.
B is for being extremely busy.
C is for the conscientious（勤勤恳恳的） way you do your job.
You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.
Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ensure career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politics—a better job, a raise, praise—many people are still unable or unwilling—to “play the game”.
“People assume that office politics involves some manipulative（工于心计的） behavior,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University, “But politics derives from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying（游说）and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.”
In fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behaviors used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some forms of socializing within the office environment—not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.
“The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis,” says Neil P.Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’ s simple human nature.”
Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery(奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may appear to be flattering their boss for favors.
Experts suggest altering（改变） this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion

1. 1.

   “Office politics” （Line 2,Para.4） is used in the passage to refer to____

   1. A.
      the political views and beliefs of office workers
   2. B.
      the interpersonal relationships within a company
   3. C.
      the various qualities required for a successful career
   4. D.
      the code of behavior for company staff
2. 2.

   Why are many people unwilling to "play the game" (Line 4, Para. 5) ?

   1. A.
      They believe that doing so is impractical
   2. B.
      They feel that such behavior is unprincipled(不道德的)
   3. C.
      They are not good at manipulating colleagues
   4. D.
      They think the effort will get them nowhere
3. 3.

   To get promoted, one must not only be competent but____

   1. A.
      avoid being too outstanding
   2. B.
      get along well with his colleagues
   3. C.
      honest and loyal to his company
   4. D.
      give his boss a good impression
4. 4.

   It is the author’ s view that____

   1. A.
      self-promotion does not necessarily mean flattery
   2. B.
      hard work contributes very little to one’ s promotion
   3. C.
      many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery
   4. D.
      speaking up for oneself is part of human nature