题目列表(包括答案和解析)
People diet to look more attractive．Fish diet to avoid being beaten up，thrown out of their social group，and getting eaten as a result．That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists．
The research team have discovered that subordinate(低一等的) fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors．"In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals，a male and female，had breeding（繁殖）rights within the group，" explains Marian Wong．"All other group members are nonbreeding females，each being 5-10% smaller than its next largest competitor．We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation．"
The reason for the size difference was easy to see．Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor，it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group．More often than not，the evicted fish is then eaten up．
It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish．Whether they did so voluntarily，by restraining how much they ate，was not clear．The research team decided to do an experiment．They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened．To their surprise，the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered，clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights，over having a feast．
The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group．Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves，so keeping their competitors small．
While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious，Dr．Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understand how hierarchical（等级的）societies remain stable．
The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans．"As yet，we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature，" the researchers comment．"Data on human dieting suggests that，while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness，rarely does it improve long-term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females' own ideal．"
1.When a goby grows to within 5-10% of the size of its larger competitor，it _________．
A．leaves the group itself B．has breeding rights
C．eats its competitor D．faces danger
2.The underlined words "the evicted fish" in Paragraph 3 refer to _________．
A．the fish beaten up B．the fish driven away
C．the fish found out D．the fish fattened up
3.The experiment showed that the smaller fish _________．
A．fought over a feast B．preferred some extra food
C．challenged the boss fish D．went on diet willingly
4.What is the text mainly about?
A．Fish dieting and human dieting． B．Dieting and health．
C．Human dieting． D．Fish dieting．
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Were you born in the 1990s? Do you think you are different from older generations? As there has been considerable discussion about “the post1990s” in newspapers and on the Internet recently, people including the group themselves, have begun to look at some things that help shape their culture. Do you find them true?
1. Jay Chou He is not handsome. When he hums no one can understand him. But the 28yearold Taiwan singer has stolen the hearts of many boys and girls who were born in the 1990s. They are crazy about him. Huang Kaiqin, a 16yearold Shanghai student, said，“I love him! I love everything from his lyrics to his melody(旋律), and to his attitude toward the life. ”
2. PSP Its full name is Play Station Portable and it's a Sony product for game fans. Teens love it because PSP is better than the Game Boy in terms of pictures, controls and choices of games. With a PSP you can also play MP3 or MP4, watch movies and so on.
3. Naruto Among all the popular cartoons and comic books, the Japanese manga series has been this generation's favorite read. Naruto, who was orphaned at birth, grows from being a naughty boy to a powerful ninja (日本武士). Naruto teaches readers that honor is very important and not to give up, even if something is hard to achieve.
4. iPods MP3s are not in any way, shape or form. But the iPod is amazing because it is a complete library of music in your hand. Post90s are always excited about the latest product.
5. Tuzki Tuzki, the white and hairy baby rabbit, was not born until January this year. But Tuzki's popularity has been spreading quickly among post90s who like QQ and MSN. Wang Lin, a college student, created the cool little rabbit.
6. Chat lingo On the Internet, the chat lingo is cool and convenient. But one day, teachers notice a new generation of errors entering their students' essays. Words such as “3Q”，“ORZ” and “b4” confuse adults but are part of teens' everyday lives.
1.Which of the following is WRONG?
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A．The latest product among teens is iPod. |
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B．Naruto is a character in a popular cartoon. |
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C．Some adults don't understand their children's words. |
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D．Tuzki is a college student born in January. |
2.Why does the author write the passage?
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A．He wants to make teens born in the 1990s understand more. |
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B．He criticizes the teens born in the 1990s. |
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C．He doesn't understand the young at all. |
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D．He feels worried about the young. |
3.The best topic of this passage might be ________.
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A．the post1990s |
B．fashionable people |
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C．teens with electronic products |
D．chatting generation |
In the kitchen of my mother’s houses there has always been a wooden stand (木架) with a small notepad (记事本) and a hole for a pencil.
I’m looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it can’t be the same pencil? The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.
“I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years.” I say to her, walking back into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Can’t you afford a pen?”
My mother replies a little sharply. “It works perfectly well. I’ve always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in those days.”
Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, “One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back. It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on.”
This story—which happened before I was born—reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have travelled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible (看不到的) exhibits at every meal.
1.Why has the author’s mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen?
A．To leave messages.
B．To list her everyday tasks.
C．To note down maths problems.
D．To write down a flash of inspiration.
2.What is the author’s original opinion about the wooden stand?
A．It has great value for the family.
B．It needs to be replaced by a better one.
C．It brings her back to her lonely childhood.
D．It should be passed on to the next generation.
3.The author feels embarrassed for .
A．blaming her mother wrongly
B．giving her mother a lot of trouble
C．not making good use of time as her mother did
D．not making any breakthrough in her field
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．The mother is successful in her career.
B．The family members like travelling.
C．The author had little time to play when young.
D．The marks on the breadboard have disappeared.
5.In the author’s mind, her mother is .
A．strange in behaviour
B．keen on her research
C．fond of collecting old things
D．careless about her appearance
A young Scottish lady, like a lot of teens today, got tired of home. The daughter objected to her family’s 1. lifestyle and said, “I don’t want your God. I am leaving!” She left home. Before long, she was disappointed and unable to find a job, so she took to the streets to do everything she could to 2. . Many years passed by, her father died, her mother grew 3. , and the daughter became more and more stubborn in her way of life.
No 4. was made between mother and daughter during these years. The mother, having heard of her daughter’s whereabouts, went to the poor part of the city in 5. of her daughter. She stopped at 6. of the rescue missions(收容所) with a simple speech. “Would you allow me to 7. this picture?” It was a picture of the smiling, gray-haired mother with a handwritten 8. at the bottom: “I love you still … come home!”
One day the daughter wandered into a rescue mission for a hot meal. She sat 9. listening to the service, all the while letting her 10. wander over to the bulletin board. There she saw the picture and thought, could that be my mother?
She couldn’t 11. until the service was over. She stood and went to look. It was her mother, and there were those words, “I love you still … come home!” 12. she stood in front of the picture, she wept. It was too 13. to be true.
It was night, but she was so 14. by the message that she started walking home. 15. the time she arrived it was early in the morning. She was afraid and 16. her way timidly. As she knocked, the door 17. open on its own. She thought someone must broken into the house. Concerned for her mother’s 18. , the young girl ran to the bedroom and shook her mother awake and said, “It’s me! It’s me! I’m home!”
The mother couldn’t believe her eyes. They fell into each other’s 19. . The daughter said, “I was so worried and thought someone had broken in.” The mother replied gently, “No, dear. From the day you left, that door has never been 20. .”
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