There seems never to have been a civilization(文明) without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.

In the ancient world, as is today, most boys play with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are strictly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.

What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. It is the universality of toys about their development in all parts of the world and their continuing to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to (服从于) technological progress that characterizes inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of advancement. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of materials then ready for use. (words: 285 ; time : 5ms)

1. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that ________ .

A. their social roles are strictly determined

B. most boys would like to follow their fathers' jobs

C. boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers

D. they like challenging activities.

2. "The universality of toys" lies in the fact that ________ .

A. technological advances have greatly improved the making of toys

B. the improvement of techniques in making toys depends on the efforts of universities

C. the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys

D. the basic characteristics of toys are the same all over the world

3. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys ________.

A. follow a direct line of development

B. also greatly interest adults

C. are not characterized by progress in technology

D. show the pace of social progress

（C）篇

1. A。由原文第二段第二句可知。

2. D。根据文章第三段第一句和第三句可知,玩具的基本的特征变化不大。

3. C。由文章最后一段第一句可知,玩具作为一种艺术形式,不因科技变化而变化。

 

 

   随着电脑和手机的普及，有人认为使用它们与人沟通起来方便省钱，因此写信的人会越来越少，书信在将来会完全消失。但也有人认为书信不仅有利于传递情感，更作为一种艺术形式而成为民族文化的一部分。你赞成哪种观点？并陈述理由。

要求：

       1．字数120左右。

       2．可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯流畅。

Directions: Write an English compositon according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

现在，网上购物作为一种新兴的购物方式越来越受到消费者的欢迎。请根据以下内容提示，用英语写一篇文章。

网上购物的好处：方便，省时，时尚，可以买到市场上买不到的产品

网上购物的弊端：质量问题；无法体验商品；网上付费有风险

要求：1. 内容应包括所有要点，并提出自己的建议

2. 词数：120左右

提示词：shopping online 网购；    convenient 方便的；       quality 质量；

untrustworthy 不可信的；  genuine 真的，名副其实的；   

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Shopping Online

With the rapid development of science and technology, more and more people like shopping on the net.______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

 

对于高三学生而言，在集中备考的一年时间里，要参加多次模拟考试。作为一种常见的“练兵”方式，进行多次模拟考试是利还是弊呢？对此，人们有各自不同的看法。请你根据以下提示，用英文写一篇短文，并谈谈你的看法。

词数150左右。开头已写好，不计入总词数。

赞成多次模拟考试	反对多次模拟考试	你的看法
可以锻炼学生的心态 有助于学生了解自己的薄弱环节 学生有机会接触新题型	试卷的难易程度不好把握 影响学生的复习进度以及老师的教学计划	……

 

It seems a rule that students take many tests before the college entrance examination.

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                                

                                                                          

 

当今，有不少人对节日的巨大开支叫苦不迭，他们或是因为送礼而钱包空空，或是因各种聚餐而身心疲惫，于是有人给自己戴上了一定新帽子——“节奴”。请结合所给提示和社会现实谈谈自己对“节奴”的观点和看法。
要求： 1.词数100左右，文章开头已给出，且不计入总词数：2. 文章应该包括表格红的所有信息，但不必逐条翻译：3. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇： 节奴 festival slaves

有人认为……	传统民俗观念扭曲，节日味儿变质，被迫为奴，现实的无奈。
有人认为……	礼尚往来既是一种感情交流，也是一种情感和压力的释放。
你的观点和看法	……

Nowadays, many people complain about _______________________