Early in 1980, a magazine called Good Housekeeping printed an amazing article. It was the true story of twins who met for the first time —when they were 39 years old. The twins were separated when they were five weeks old and adopted by different families.

In 1979 they found each other. They found out that they were both named Jim. Although they had never met, they had both been married to women named Linda. Of course, they looked exactly alike. They also walked alike, laughed alike, and even talked alike.

How would you find other articles about twins? The Readers’ Guide to Periodical Literature helps you find magazine articles. Look at the section of the Readers’ Guide below. Study the sample entry.

The Readers’ Guide to Periodical Literature lists magazine articles under their subject or author. All entries are listed alphabetically.

Each subject entry in the Readers’ Guide lists all the articles written on that subject. It gives the title and author of each article. It also lists the name, date, and volume of the magazine, and the pages where you will find the article. Use the section of the Readers’ Guide below to answer the questions. Be sure to study the sample entry.

TWINS

See also

Siamese twins

Identical twins reared apart [University of Minnesota study] C. Holden. il Science 207: 1323-5+ Mr 21 ’80

It’s twins! T. B. Brazelton. Redbook 154: 80 + F ’80

Jim Twins: together after 39 years [identical twins J. Springer and J. Lewis; ed by E. P. Frank] B. Springer. il pors Good H 190: 123 + F ’80

Me, myself & us: twins. J. Rodgers. il Sci Digest p92-7 N/D ’80

Mysteries of identical twins. R. Distelheim il McCalls 108:68+ Ja ’81

New studies on twins seeking to prevent double trouble. K. Cassil. Sci Digest 88:78-81 S ’80

Reunion of identical twins, raised apart, reveals some astonishing similarities [Jim twins]  D. D. Jackson. il pors Smithsonian 11:48-57 O ’80

Telltale behavior of twins [study of long separated identical twins] S. Farber bibl il Psychol Today 15:58-60+ Ja ’81

Twins. M. J. Friedman. il Parents 55:76-81 N ’80

Twins. G. G. Panter. il Parents 55:72+  Mr ’80

Twins take on modeling. Pors seventeen 39:130-3 Je ’80

Twins: the facts and the folklore. E. R. Mark.  Good H 190:256  Je ’80

39. Who wrote the article “Jim Twins: Together After 39 Years”?

   A. Good housekeeping    B. J. Rodgers                   C. B. Springer    D. Jim

40. You want to read the article “Mysteries of identical Twins”. In what magazine will you find this article?

   A. McCalls                 B. Science Digest     C. Distelheim     D. Science

41. Which of the following articles is the newest?

   A. “It’s Twins”                                              B. “Identical Twins Reared Apart”

   C. “Mysteries of Identical Twins”                    D. “Jim Twins: Together After 39 Years”

42. The Readers’ Guide is a series of books. Each book lists all the magazine articles published for one year. Which book in the Readers’ Guide would list the articles on Twins?

   A. 1978-1979              B. 1979-1980            C. 1980-1981     D 1981-1982

It was once thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and/or heavy automobile traffic. Today, we know that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is actually worldwide. On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the entire eastern half of the United States and led to health warnings even in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be affected by air pollution. Some scientists feel that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels (coal and oil) is creating a “greenhouse effect" - holding in heat reflected from the earth and raising the world's average temperature. If this view is correct and the world's temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be under water.

Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particulate (废气排往空中而形成的微粒、颗粒) matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earth's temperature ─ a result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to new ice age and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas. At present we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen (though one recent government report prepared by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very likely). Perhaps, if we are very lucky, the two tendencies will offset each other and the world's temperature will stay about the same as it is now.

As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution ______.

       A. caused widespread damage in the countryside

       B. affected the entire eastern half of the United States

       C. had damaging effects on health

       D. existed merely in urban and industrial areas

As far as the greenhouse effect is concerned, the author ______.

       A. shares the same view with the scientists

       B. is uncertain of its occurrence

       C. rejects it as being ungrounded

       D. thinks that it will destroy the world soon

The underlined word “offset" in Para. 2 could best be replaced by______.

       A. slip into    B. make up for       C. set up        D. catch up with

This passage is mainly concerned with ______.

       A. the greenhouse effect                   B. the burning of fossil fuels

       C. the potential effect of air pollution        D. the possibility of a new ice age

Although phosphorus is an essential constituent of all living creatures, ____ is among the least abundant of the mineral nutrients.

1. A.
   what
2. B.
   it
3. C.
   still
4. D.
   however

       认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容回答问题。

       American pilot Frank Webb first flew a glider at the age of 14, made his first flight alone on his．16th birthday and got his commercial pilot's licensee （执照）on his 18th birthday．

       After serving in the US Navy for 20 years, being a Boeing flight instructor, and working with Alaska Airlines for more than three years, Webb signed a contract with Shenzhen Airlines last May to captain domestic routes in China．As an experienced pilot, he still feels the same nervousness as he felt on his first fight.

       Captain Webb said that the "Sept．11" incident did not have a direct influence on his decision to move to China to work．"Safety is in fact tighter in the United States and I am not worried about a terrorist attack," he said．"The main reason I came to China was that my children will have a chance to see the world and experience international living．"

       Webb has not experienced any in-flight emergencies（紧急情况） during his term in China although he said the weather here was generally more changeable than in the United States．"The weather changes tend to be great from north to south．We may be flying in a snow storm in Harbin, and then later that same day we may be flying through a tropical rain shower approaching Shenzhen," Webb said．

       While Webb had more flexibility（灵活性） to deal with the weather in the United States, he said air traffic control in China was more strict and allowed fewer deviations（偏离）．

       Speaking of planes often being late in China, Webb said that in America, being late was one of the few things that would get him in trouble．"In China, on the other hand, it seems there are many things that can get you in trouble with the boss, but being late is not one of them．" Webb does everything in his power to keep his flights on schedule．

       "They provide really excellent service during flights．Western flight attendants just serve passengers．But the Chinese attendants will also check on the crew to see if we need anything," Webb said．

Why did Webb sign a contract with Shenzhen Airlines? （no more than 20 words）

What is "glider " （in Paragraph 1）? （no more than 5 words）

What in the flight Webb met in China increased his difficulty? （no more than 5 words）

Is Webb's flight often late? Why? （no more than 20 words）

What can you learn from Webb's words in the last paragraph? （no more than 10 words）

Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir（回忆录）of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.

Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.

Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.

Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.

Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent（独立的）spirit in their work.

Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives（目标）that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools. 68. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir?

  A. Top managers.             B. Language learners.

  C. Serious educators.                D. Science organizations.

69. The words “hooked oh teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean ________.

  A. attracted to teaching        B. tired of teaching

  C. satisfied with teaching             D. unhappy about teaching

70. Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?

  A. The University of Chicago.       B. Stanford University.

  C. Ohio State University.            D. Nebraska University.

71. Tyler is said to have never actually retired because ____________.

  A. he developed a new method of testing       B. he called for free spirit in research

  C. he was still active in giving advice                  D. he still led the Eight-Year Study