All living things on the earth need other living things to live. Nothing lives alone. Most animals must live in a group, and even a plant grows close together with others of the same kind. Sometimes one living thing kills another, one eats and the other is eaten. Each kind of life eats another kind of life in order to live, and together they create a food chain (链条). Some food chains are simple, while others are not. But all food chains begin with the sun, and all food chains become broken up if one of the links (链接) disappears.
All life needs sunlight to live on. But only plants can use sunlight directly. Plants are ‘factories’. They make food from sunlight, water and things in the soil (土壤) and air. Plants feed all other living things. Animals can only use the sun’s energy after it has been changed into food by plants. Some animals feed directly on plants, others eat smaller animals. Meat-eating animals are only eating plants indirectly.
What about humans? We are members of many food chains. We eat rice, vegetables, and fruits and so on. We also eat meat and drink milk. But we often break up the food chains. We kill wild animals and also make rivers, lakes and seas polluted. When these rivers, lakes and seas are polluted, the fish in them can not be eaten. If we eat the fish, we will get strange illnesses.
Each form of life is linked (关联的) to all others. Breaking the links puts all life in danger.
【小题1】Which living things can use the sun’s energy directly?

先阅读短文，然后根据短文内容从方框内所给的单词中选择恰当的词（注意词形变化）填入短文空白处，使短文完整、通顺。一词只用一次，一空限填一词。方框中有两个词是多余的。将能填入空白处的答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。

The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication. Life today is much    【小题1】   than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest is    【小题2】    . To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people are, the more pollution is. Many years ago, the problem was not so 【小题3】    because there were not so many people. When the land was    【小题4】  up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another one. But this is no    【小题5】     true. Man is now slowly pollution the   【小题6】   world.
Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living things in the world, but it is not    【小题7】  one kind of pollution. Water pollution   【小题8】    our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to    【小题9】    pollution. They stop the people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air. The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be   【小题10】   air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means   【小题11】    the land, water and air clean.

For hundreds Of years, scientists have been trying to answer what things have an effect on people’s emotions (情感). How you feel is controlled by many things. Your emotions can be affected by your personality, by the actions of others and by events around you. Perhaps you don’t know your emotions can be influenced by the weather as well.
People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy. In fact, sunlight makes us feel good. When sunlight hits our skins, our bodies produce a vitamin. Vitamins are natural chemicals (化学物质) which we all need to stay healthy. Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D. Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical. This special chemical affects our brains (大脑) and makes us feel happy. For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway, so many people in these countries often feel sad. Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D. Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less of this special chemical which makes them feel good. To help the people in these countries feel better, special “sunrooms” with artificial (人造的) lights have been built. People can go there and get “sunlight” for an hour or two!
The weather can also affect people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather.
【小题1】 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor (因素) that can affect one’s emotions?

  We use the Internet for many things: business, shopping, writing letters, talking to people, finding information and so on. In recent years a new kind of English has grown on the Internet. There’s no real word for it yet, so we’ll call it e-talk. People don’t like typing too much. To save time, they turn phrases into a few letters called acronyms. Acronyms are often used in chat rooms. Some of them are
BTW (by the way)        BRB (be right back)
LOL (laughing out loud)    IMO (in my opinion)
People also use many abbreviations(缩写). They are shortened forms of words. Some common abbreviations are:
Info(information)       puter (computer)
Pie(picture)           sec (second)
We usually don’t see people when we communicate on the Net, so people have new ways to show feelings. Most people use their keywords to draw “feeling”, such as:
:-)(happy)    :-p(joking)   :-( (sad)    :-0 (surprised)
These days, many forums(论坛) have picture feelings. For example,

(sad)      (happy)
There are even whole new words, like“newbie’s”(someone who is new on a chat board or forum).
It takes time for people to get used to e-talk. Also, different groups on the Net have their own special ways of communicating. Newbie’s have to ask other people what they mean. As the Internet grows, e-talk will continue to grow and change.
【小题1】What does the underlined word “acronyms” mean?

In the past ten years, many scientists have studied the differences between men and women. And they all got the same answer: The sexes(性别) are different, because their brains are different. And this, the scientists say, makes men and women see the world in different ways.
Boys, for example, generally are better than girls at mathematical(数学的) ideas. Boys also generally are better than girls at the kind of hand and eye movements necessary for ball sports. Girls, on the other hand generally start speaking earlier than boys. And they generally(通常) see better in the dark than boys and are better at learning foreign languages.
What makes men and women better at one thing or another? The answer is the brain. The brain has two sides connected by nerve(神经) tracks. The left side generally is used for mathematics, speech and writing. The right side is used for artistic creation(创造) and the expression for emotions(情感). In men and women, different areas in each side of the brain develop differently. In boys, for example, it’s the area used for mathematics. In girls, it is the area used for language skills. Another interesting difference is that the two sides of a man’s brain are connected by a smaller nerves than the two sides of a woman’s brain are.
【小题1】Which of the following is best to outline(概括) the article?