Daniel doesn’t like to argue ___ others ____ this problem.

A to;with    B with;about    C with;for     D for;about

London used to be “foggy” for the same reason that cities like Beijing or Chongqing are “foggy” today．The “fog” was in fact smog, a mixture of smoke and fog．In other words, it was made by air pollution．In London, some of this pollution came from factories, but much of it came from the coal(煤)that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter．By the 1950s, London’s smog problem had become so bad that the government decided to do something to clean the air．A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city．Within a few years, the air became much cleaner．There were no more “pea-soupers”．

Many Chinese cities now face the same sort of problem with air pollution that London faced 40 or 50 years ago．However, this problem is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve．One reason is that more of the pollution comes from the factories, rather than from coal burnt in people’s houses．If these factories were closed, this would harm the economy and lots of people would lose their jobs．Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel(燃料), like gas, is quite expensive．

However, the air in many Chinese cities is becoming cleaner and cleaner, as the government and people pay more and more attention to cutting down pollution．As a result, there are fewer “pea-soupers”in Beijing than there used to be．

1.What was the main reason for air pollution in London?

A．There was too much smoke in the sky．

B．There were too many factories in the city．

C．People burnt too much coal in the houses．

D．The city was too big for the cleaners to clean．

2.How did the air in London become much cleaner?

A．There was not so much fog in the winter later．

B．A law was made to keep people from burning coal in their houses．

C．Many factories in the city were closed．

D．People paid more attention to cleaning their city．

3.What does the underlined work “pea-soupers”refer to?

A．Smog????? ????????????? ????????????? B．Smoke????? ????????????? ????????????? C．Gas?????? ????????????? ????????????? D．Coal

4.The problem of air pollution is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve because of ___ reasons．

A．one????????? ????????????? B．two??????? ????????????? ????????????? C．three?????? ????????????? ????????????? D．four

5.Which sentence is Not true?

A．Air pollution is serious in Beijing and Chongqing．

B．Using coal is much more expensive than using gas．

C．Factories made much more pollution in China．

D．The reasons of air pollution in London and Beijing are different．

Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost mention recycling, which is the process (过程) of treating used things, such as paper or steel so that they can be used again. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more things than we need. We are now dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the possible greenest way, but it would be far better if we did not bring so many things home in the first place.
Here is an example. In the UK, the total of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a household’s waste. In many supermarkets, foods are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.
Too much packaging causes serious environmental problems. The UK is running out of different kinds of ways for dealing with this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect (效果). Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The best way of avoiding this problem is to stop producing such unnecessary things in the first place. Food waste is another serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers (消费者) to buy more than they need. They seldom encourage customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue.
But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to connect packaging with quality (质量). We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. Is it true for all the products? In fact, more and more companies realized the importance of protecting the environment. They try to package what really should be packaged, including products in good quality.
As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realize how many unnecessary things are being collected. We need to face the waste of our daily life. Although many people have taken action to recycle, we have a high mountain to climb.
【小题1】What does the underlined word “over-consumption” mean?

One thing that British and Chinese cultures share is a love for fine tea. Today, when we think of Western tea culture, we often think of the English and beautiful china tea cups.

Afternoon tea

    People believe that an English lady, Anna, first introduced the idea of afternoon tea. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the English ate only two main meals each day: breakfast and a heavy supper that would last for several hours in the evening. As a result, people often got very hungry during the long wait between these two meals. To solve this problem, Anna came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and five o’clock. This meal included cakes and sandwiches. And tea was served(供应) to wash down the food. In order to make this afternoon meal important, fine china cups and plates and silver teapots, knives, forks and spoons were used. Soon, afternoon tea parties became popular social occasions. Today, afternoon tea parties continue to play an important part in the social life in modern Britain.

Will you come for coffee?

Coffee also has an important role in British culture. People often use the words “Will you come for coffee” to mean “Would you like to come to my home for a chat?” Normally, several different drinks such as tea, hot chocolate or a soft drink like orange juice will be served as well as coffee, and you will be asked what you would like. However, you will not normally be offered wine at a “coffee” party.

Coffeehouses and the London Stock Exchange

In the 17th century London, coffeehouses were busy and noisy places. Businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses to do their business, as well as to drink coffee. In fact, the London Stock Exchange(伦敦股票交易所) is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.

1.Anna introduced the idea of drinking afternoon tea because she ______.

   A. enjoyed chatting with her friends at home

   B. loved fine tea and beautiful china tea cups

   C. wanted to share nice food with her friends

   D. found people felt hungry during the long wait between the two meals

2.What does “social occasions” mean in Chinese?

   A. 集体婚礼       B. 社交活动       C. 社区表演      D. 公共场合

3. If someone says to you “Will you come for coffee,” you ______.

   A. will be offered coffee only       

 B. are asked what you would like to drink

   C. will be asked to have a chat with him or her

D. you are invited to take part in an afternoon tea party

4. From the last paragraph we can see______

   A. a new business was started in coffeehouses.

   B. coffeehouses are still used by businessmen and bankers.

   C. businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses just for coffee.

   D. most people wouldn’t like to go to coffeehouses because of the noise.

5. Which is the best title of the article?

   A. British and Chinese cultures.        B. The beginning of Tea and Coffee.

   C. Coffeehouse and Business.          D. English tea and coffee culture.  

Dear Dr Jackson,
My parents are never happy with me. They are always criticizing my clothes, my hair and the music I listen to. They hate my friends’ looks and they keep complaining when I go with them. I’m not allowed to stay out as late as my friends do, so I can’t have any fun. My parents only seem to care about my school grades. Although I love them, sometimes I feel we live in different worlds. If they love me, can’t they understand me? How can I make them understand me?
Angel
Dear Angel,
Your problem is common to both teenagers and parents. Don’t worry, because all this is natural. You see, your parents have grown up at a different time and they have different experiences. So, they think some things are strange, but you find the same things are all right. For example, the music you like may sound like noise to them. Your parents love you, so they feel they must stop you from doing whatever they find strange. On the other hand, you don’t want to be different from other teenagers, so you feel that your parents restrict you.
I think you should talk about this problem with your parents. Try to explain to them what you want and make them know they can believe you. And then they’ll find you are a responsible person and they will give you more freedom.
Jackson
【小题1】Why has Angel written to Dr Jackson?