A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce(确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically(生物学上)these sleepyhead(贪睡者)students aren’t used to the early hour.

　　“Maybe these kids are being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies,” says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problem of adolescent (青春期的)sleep at Brown’s School of Medicine.

　　Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And, at a more basic level, she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns(方式).

　　Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.

　　Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at night and sleep later in the morning. But it’s not just a matter of choice---their bodies are going through a change of sleep patterns.

　　All of this makes the transfer(迁移)from middle school to high school---which may start one hour earlier in the morning----all the more difficult, Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the “sleep late, rise late” pattern, adolescents are up against difficulties when they try to be up by 5 or 6 a.m. for a 7:30 a.m. first bell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their body’s way of saying. “I need a timeout.”

1.Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning because _______.

A．it is really tough for parents to enforce bedtime

B．it is biologically difficult for students to rise early

C．students work so late at night that they can’t get up early

D．students are so lazy that they don’t like to go to school early

2.The underlined phrase nod off most probably means _______.

A．turn around       B．agree with others   C．fall asleep         D．refuse to work

3.What might be a reason for the hard transfer from middle school to high school?

A．Adolescents depend more on their parents.

B．Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns.

C．Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood.

D．Adolescents need more sleep than they used to.

4.What is the test mainly about?

A．Adolescent health care.

B．Problems in adolescent learning.

C．Adolescent sleep difficulties.

D．Changes in adolescent sleep needs and patterns.

 

What’s the red star in the sky through a telescope(望远镜)? It is Mars. Do you want to know more about it? Take the “Mars Orbit Express”!
“Mars Orbit Express” is a space probe (探测器). It was sent towards Mars by American scientists on August 12th，2005. Its tasks are to study Mars’ atmosphere and return photos to Earth. But before that “Mars Orbit Express” must travel about 100 hundred million kilometers and seven months. It reached Mars’ orbit(轨道)in March，2006.
Mars and Earth have similar weight and size. However，Mars is closer to the sun than Earth. Mars is very cold. The average temperature is below 50℃. The temperature at noon only reaches 20℃ during a Mars day. Its atmosphere is mostly CO2. It has much sand and two moons---Phobos and Deimos.
Scientists think Earth and Mars had similar beginnings 4.6 billion years ago. But while Earth supports millions of lives，Mars becomes bad. “Earth easily could have turned out like that.” said an scientist, “It is important for us to find out why and Mars Orbit Express’ should do that.”“Mars Orbit Express” also would help scientists to learn what might happen to Earth in the future. “Mars Orbit Express” would work for about four years.
【小题1】 What can you see through a telescope when watching Mars? ________.

A．Much sand

B．A red star

C．Its atmosphere

D．Its size

【小题2】One of the tasks of Mars Orbit Express is _______.

A．taking pictures of Mars

B．studying the weight of Mars

C．finding out distance between Earth and Mars

D．telling the time it takes to go from Earth to Mars

【小题3】Compared with Earth，_______.

A．Mars has a long history	B．Mars is big and heavy
C．Mars is close to the sun	D．Mars’ atmosphere is mainly O2.

【小题4】 Which might be the proper title for the passage?

A．Mars：differences from Earth	B．A probe：to learn more about Mars
C．Mars: change of temperature	D．A probe：to tell the future of Earth

The food in White Rose Restaurant was cheap and good, but nobody seemed to want to eat there. There were very few people going to eat there. The owner was very worried about it.
Then he thought of a good idea. A few weeks later, his restaurant was always full of men and their girlfriends.  Whenever a gentleman came with a lady, a kind waiter would give each of them a beautiful menu. The menus looked exactly the same on the outside, but there was an important difference inside. The menu that the waiter handed to the man gave the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine, while the menu that he handed to the lady gave a much higher price! So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous than he really was! The man could make a good impression on the lady.
【小题1】How was the food in White Rose Restaurant?

A．Cheap and good.	B．Cheap but bad.
C．Expensive and bad.	D．Expensive but good.

【小题2】When a gentleman and his girlfriend went into the restaurant, the waiter would give
             a beautiful menu.

A．the gentleman

B．the lady

C．each of them

D．neither of them

【小题3】 According to the passage, when a gentleman and his girlfriend had a meal at the restaurant, the meal would be paid by     

A．the lady only	B．the gentleman only
C．both of the gentleman and the lady	D．the gentleman or the lady

【小题4】What might the lady think of her boyfriend after having a meal together at this restaurant？

A．She thought he wanted to impress her.

B．She thought he pretended to be rich.

C．She thought he was very generous.

D．She thought he was the owner of the restaurant.

【小题5】What does the story mainly suggest?

A．People like to go to expensive restaurants.

B．A restaurant owner should design different menus for different guests.

C．The men should pretend to be generous before their girlfriends.

D．It’s helpful for businessmen to learn customers’ thoughts

When we talk about intelligence(智力)，we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school．By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving(表现)，especially in a new situation．If we want to test intelligence，we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows what to do．
For example，when in a new situation，an intelligent person thinks about the situation，not about himself or what might happen to him．He tries to find out all can be，and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it．Probably he isn’t sure how it will all work out，but at least he tries．And if he cannot make things work out right，he doesn’t feel ashamed(羞愧)that he failed，he just tries to learn from his mistakes．An intelligent person，even if he is very young，has a special outlook(看法)on life，a special feeling about life，and how he fits into it．
If you look at children，you’ll see the great differences between what we call “bright” children and “non-bright” children．They are actually two different kinds of people，not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence．For example，the bright child really wants to find out about life, and he tries to get in touch with everything around him; while the unintelligent(不聪明的) child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world：he seems to have a wall between him and life in general．
【小题1】According to this passage，intelligence is the ability to_________．

A．get some high scores on some tests

B．do well in school

C．deal with life

D．have a lot of book knowledge

【小题2】In a new situation，an intelligent person________．

A．knows more about what might happen to him

B．is sure of the result he will get

C．cares more about himself

D．keeps his mind on what to do about the situation

【小题3】If an intelligent person failed，he would_______．

A．try not to feel ashamed

B．learn from his mistakes

C．try to find all he could

D．make sure what result he would get

【小题4】Bright children and non-bright children________．

A．are two different types of children

B．are different mainly in their degree of cleverness

C．have differences only in their way of thinking

D．have different knowledge about the world

Dear Annie,

I have never written a letter to a newspaper before, I have just never felt the need to do such a thing. I have always felt I was quite able to do everything by myself. But now I know I was wrong.

Sometimes you really need help in life, I guess. And that’s why I’m writing this letter to you.

I have a happy family. I love my children and they love me . I’m a mother of three children. I know well how to bring up (带大)children, and two of them are already over twenty, so it is nothing new for me.

But now I have a serious problem:the Internet problem. My little son is just sixteen, and I feel he should do a lot of homework now , but he doesn’t seem to be interested in it . He can happily spend six or eight hours at a time on the Tnternet every day , He chats with pelple that he has never met before , but speaks little to us .He does lots of useless things on the Internet. And he sees red if you ask him to do his homework.

I just want him to be a good student . Now he seldomdoes his lessons at home. I’m afraid he will drop behind in his class soon. His father is a doctor , a very kind man . He never seems to be afraid of his father.

What can I do ?And don’t tell to talk to him. We’ve tried that and it didn’t work. But this is really a big problem in our family. I have tried everything I can think of . I

wonder how the Internet is so attractive(有吸引力的).You’re my last hope. Please tell me what I can do!

Yours,

Ellen Smith

 

(   ) 1. Mrs Snith wrote to Annie because　　　　　　　.

     A. she often asked others for help

     B. she thought she was a great mother

     C. she didn’t know how to stop his son surfing the Internet

     D. she didn’t know how the Internet was so attractive

(   ) 2.What might NOT Mrs Smith’s son do on the Internet?                        

     A. Send e-mails to his friends         B. Prepare for his lessons

     C. Chat with strange people           D.Read the news

(   ) 3. What does the phrase “he sees red”mean in this passage?                   

     A. He feels sorry                    B.He feels happy

     C. He becomes frightened             D. He becomes angry

(   ) 4. What do you think of Mr.Smith?                   

     A. An irresponsible(不负责任的)father who nerver taught his son

     B. A very excellent doctor who was busy with his work and had no time to teach

his son

     C. A very kind man who loved his son

     D.A man who always made his son be afraid of him but failed