Do you often carry maps when you travel to foreign countries? Maps can show you the right directions．But   1   if you have left the maps somewhere or you haven，t got them? I’m afraid that you’ll have to  2  directions．

    Traveling in Japan，you are often puzzled because most streets there don，t have names．The Japanese use landmarks(界标)in their directions  3  street names．So when you ask“Excuse me．Could you tell me  4  the nearest post office?，，they often say,“Go straight along the road．Take the second turning on the left and  5   a supermarket．The post office is across from the hospital”．

    In the countryside of the American Midwest，usually there are not many landmarks．There are no mountains，So the land is very flat．In many places there are no towns or buildings within miles．Instead of landmarks，people will tell you directions and   6  .In Kansas or Iowa，for example，people will say to you，“Go east three miles．Turn north and then walk another mile．You can’t  7  it．”

    People in Los Angeles，California，have no idea of distance of the map：they measure(测量)distance  8  means of time，not miles．“How far away is the nearest post office?”you ask．“Oh，”they answer,“It’s  9  from here．”You say,“Yes，but how many miles away is it?”They have no idea．

    People in Greece(希腊)sometimes do not try to give directions because visitors seldom(很少)understand the Greek language．Instead of giving you the direction，a Greek  10  body language to help you understand directions or he will simply say,“Follow me.”Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the City to the post office．

(  )1．A．what to do    B．how to do  C．what happens D．what

(  12．A．ask          B．ask for    C．find        D．show

(  )3．A．because of    B．instead of  C．as          D．instead

(  )4．A．how to get to   B．how can I get to C．which the way to D．how far is it from

(  )5．A．go through    B．past       C．go past     D.go to

(  )6．A．names       B．places    C．the time     D．distances

(  )7．A．miss         B．10se     C．see         D．find

(  )8．A．on           B．as      C．through      D．by

(  )9．A．ten minutes，walk B．ten．minute walk  C．ten minute’s  D．walking ten minutes

(  )l0．A．often use    B．often used    C．will often use D．used to use

Foreign visitors are often puzzled in Japan because most streets there don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is just across the bus stop.”
In the Midwest of America, usually there are not many landmarks. So people will tell you directions(方向) and distance. In Kansas(堪萨斯州), for example, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map. They measure(测量) distance by telling time. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don’t know.
People in Greece(希腊) sometimes do not even try to give directions because few visitors understand the Greek language. Instead of giving you the direction, a Greek will often say, “Follow me.” Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.
Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico(墨西哥), no one answers “I don’t know.” People in Yucatan think “I don’t know” is not polite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A visitor can get very, very lost in Yucatan!
One thing will help you everywhere. You might not understand a person’s words, but maybe you can understand his body language. He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go on in that direction, and you may find the post office!
【小题1】What do you think of the word “landmarks” mean?

When I was a teenager growing up in Russia, I felt studying very boring, I wanted to leave school and have my own life. There were only two ways for me to do this—working in the toy factory in my town, or getting married. I chose the first one. I was nervous when I told my father that I wanted to leave school. I thought he would say, “No! You are going to college.” Instead,  he took me by surprise when he said, “OK. We’ll go to the toy factory.”
Two days later, he took me to the factory. I had a very romantic idea of working in a factory. I had imagined everyone to be friendly working together and having fun. I even imagined there would be music and singing. I guess I had watched too many movies as a teenager.
When we arrived at the factory gates, my father spoke to the guard and one minute later we went inside. My father said, “Take your time. Look around.” I walked around the factory, looking at the buildings, the workers, and listening to the noise. It was terrible. I ran back to my father and said, “I want to go home.”
He asked me, “What do you think of the factory?”
“It’s terrible,” I replied.
“And you have another choice, but I think getting married is even worse!” he said.
I went back to school the next day. From then on, I studied as hard as I could. Finally I got into a good college. I enjoyed studying English so I decided to major in languages at college. Thanks to my father and our trip to the factory, I now work at the United Nations and my father is very proud of me. I married a very good man and my life is much better than it would have been working in the factory!
【小题1】The writer lived in ________ when she was a teenager.