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    How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English, or do you have to use your first languages? Do you count on your fingers? Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true.
    People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people think begin counting with their first fingers, which they extend or stick out. They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb(拇指）to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people count by using different finger positions. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand.
    Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers. A group of scientists studied aboriginal(土著的）people in Australia. These people don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don’t even have word for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.
    In a similar study, researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered that people of the Piraha tribe(部落） in northwestern Brazil don’t have words for numbers such as “one” or “three.”. They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees” but can say “some trees,” “more trees,” or “many trees.” Professor Edward Gibson said that mist people believe that everyone knows how to count, “but here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but it’s not useful in their culture, so they’ve never picked it up.”
    Although all humans are able to understand quantities(数量）,not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting. Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives. Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math, too.
    小题1:The writer begins with the four questions in order to______.
    A．make a surveyB．interest readers
    C．tell a storyD．solve math problems
    小题2:What do we learn from the difference in finger counting between the U.S. and China?
    A．People from China count much faster than people from the U.S.
    B．People from China need two hands to count from one to ten.
    C．People of different cultures may use different ways of finger counting
    D．People of different cultures use the same way of finger counting.
    小题3:Which of following is true about aboriginal Australians?
    A．They have only a few words for numbers
    B．They have hand movements to stand for numbers
    C．They can only count to five on their fingers
    D．They can understand different ideas about numbers
    小题4:The study of the Piraha tribe shows that____
    A．people all over the world know how to count
    B．People of the tribe have words for number
    C．Some groups of people are not smart enough to count
    D．Counting is not useful in the culture of the tribe
    小题5:What is the main idea of the passage?
    A．people from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math
    B．Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans
    C．In some aboriginal culture,people don’t even know how to count
    D．Some languages don’t have number words because people don’t need numbers.

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    完形填空
         Can you swim? Do you like swimming? Yes? Well, how can you learn to swim? I think the
    best way is to go into the water and learn. I'm afraid you'll    1    learn to swim just by reading
    books about swimming or    2    others swimming . It's    3    the English study for us kids today.
    We must practice, practice, and practice.
         Listening and speaking are very important for beginners. The children in    4    countries first
    listen to others. Then they try to imitate(模仿) and speak. We can listen to English programs
       5    the radio. You may just understand    6    words. It doesn't matter. Just be    7   , try to get
    the main topics, then the main ideas, then the key words, then the main sentences,    8   . As for
    speaking , speak    9   .
         Reading and writing are more important for school students . First we must choose the books
    we are    10   . A lot of reading will    11    your language sense. This is the most important.
         Keep    12    English diaries. We can also write English articles. We may even post them    13   
    English magazines. Don't be afraid of failure. Failure is the mother of    14   .
         Easier said than done. Well, let's do more practice from now on. I'm sure you'll learn English
    well    15    this way.
    (     )1. A. just              
    (     )2. A. Look at          
    (     )3. A. same as          
    (     )4. A. speaking-English  
    (     )5. A. in                
    (     )6. A. a little          
    (     )7. A. relaxed          
    (     )8. A. the full means    
    (     )9. A. as many as you can
    (     )10. A. interested      
    (     )11. A. change          
    (     )12. A. to write        
    (     )13. A. for              
    (     )14. A. succeed          
    (     )15. A. using    		 B. never            
    B. looking at        
    B. different to      
    B. English-speaking  
    B. over              
    B. a few            
    B. relaxing          
    B. the full meaning  
    B. as more as you can
    B. interesting      
    B. develop          
    B. write            
    B. to                
    B. success          
    B. in    		 C. yet                
    C. seeing            
    C. the same as        
    C. spoken English    
    C. from              
    C. few                
    C. relax              
    C. the full meanings  
    C. as much as possible
    C. interested in      
    C. improve            
    C. writing            
    C. till              
    C. successful        
    C. by

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    阅读理解

    　　People have always wanted to speak with animals．There are many books about this, especially children books．Now there are also movies, such as Dr．Doolittle．When you watch animals, it seems clear that they can communicate with each other．Many people wonder why people can’t also communicate with them．

    　　Scientists know how some animals communicate．Bees, for example, use their bodies．They do a kind of dance to give information about food．Birds, on the other hand, share information with sounds．They use certain sounds to protect their homes and to stay together when they fly．Some male(雄性)birds use lovely songs to attract a female(雌性)．Other animals communicate with both body movements and sounds．For example, dogs wag(摇摆)their tails(尾巴)when they are happy, and they bark(吠)when they are excited．

    　　People used to think it was possible to teach human language to animals．Parrots and other birds, for example, can learn to say words．But the birds just repeat the words．They don’t understand them．Some American scientists tried to teach English to chimpanzees, close relatives of human beings．However, this was impossible．Chimpanzees can’t move their mouths the right way．They could never learn to speak like people．

    　　Then scientists tried to teach human language to chimpanzees in other ways．Some tried with American Sign Language(ASL)．Others tried with a simple computer．But chimpanzees could only learn to use a few words．They could never learn to use grammar．Their brains are very different from the brains of human beings．

    　　Now some scientists are studying the same points between human and animal language．In fact, some animals use sounds like people do．Dogs, for example, use an unpleasant, low sound to tell other dogs to stay away．People, too, use that kind of voice to say the same things．A dog’s noisy bark communicates that something is happening．People use the same high tone when they shout,“Watch out!”

    　　Scientists want to understand the language of other animals, such as whales and bears．To do this, they go out to the animals’ natural homes．They watch the animals for days or even years．They take pictures and make tapes recordings and share the information with other scientists．In this way, they hope to learn more about the way animals communicate, and maybe someday we’ll be able to communicate better with them．

    (1)

    Some birds can learn to say words, ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    but they don’t really know the meaning

    B．

    and they make up new words, too

    C．

    and they use grammar, too

    D．

    but they forget them quickly

    (2)

    Dogs and people use ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    words when they communicate

    B．

    different sounds to mean the same thing

    C．

    a low sound to keep others away

    D．

    a high sound to keep others away

    (3)

    Which of the following is TRUE?

    [　　]

    A．

    Bees communicate by making a noise

    B．

    Dogs wag their tails when they are angry．

    C．

    Chimpanzees can learn to use some grammar．

    D．

    Birds use sounds to stay together

    (4)

    This passage is mainly about ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    how scientists communicate with each other

    B．

    how scientists are studying animals’ communication

    C．

    how people might communicate with animals

    D．

    how animals communicate with each other

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    阅读理解。
        People have always wanted to speak with animals. There are many books about this, especially children
    books. Now there are also movies, such as Dr. Doolittle. When you watch animals, it seems clear that they
    can communicate with each other. Many people wonder why people can't also communicate with them. 
        Scientists know how some animals communicate. Bees, for example, use their bodies. They do a kind of
    dance to give information about food. Birds, on the other hand, share information with sounds. They use
    certain sounds to protect their homes and to stay together when they fly. Some male (雄性) birds use lovely
    songs to attract a female (雌性). Other animals communicate with both body movements and sounds. For
    example, dogs wag their tails when they are happy, and they bark when they are excited.
        People used to think it was possible to teach human language to animals. Parrots and other birds, for
    example, can learn to say words. But the birds just repeat the words. They don't understand them. Some
    American scientists tried to teach English to chimpanzees (黑猩猩), close relatives of human beings. However,
    this was impossible. Chimpanzees can't move their mouths the right way. They could never learn to speak like
    people.
        Then scientists tried to teach human language to chimpanzees in other ways. Some tried with American
    Sign Language (ASL). Others tried with a simple computer. But chimpanzees could only learn to use a few
    words. They could never learn to use grammar. Their brains are very different from the brains of human
    beings.
         Now some scientists are studying the same points between human and animal language. In fact, some
    animals use sounds like people do. Dogs, for example, use an unpleasant, low sound to tell other dogs to stay
    away. People, too, use that kind of voice to say the same things. A dog's noisy bark communicate that
    something is happening. People use the same high tone when they shout, "Watch out!"
         Scientists want to understand the language of other animals, such as whales and bears. To do this, they
    go out to the animals' natural homes. They watch the animals for days or even years. They take pictures and
    make tape recordings and share the information with other scientists. In this way, they hope to learn more
    about the way animals communicate, and maybe someday we'll be able to communicate better with them.
    1. Bees do a kind of dance to _____.
    [     ]
    A. tell other bees where food is
    B. attract other bees
    C. show they are happy
    D. play with other bees
    2. Some birds can learn to say words, _____.
    [     ]
    A. but they don't really know the meaning
    B. and they make up new words, too
    C. and they use grammar, too
    D. but they forget them quickly
    3. Dogs and people use _____.
    [     ]
    A. words when they communicate
    B. different sounds to mean the same thing
    C. a low sound to keep others away
    D. a high sound to keep others away
    4. Which of the following is TRUE?
    [     ]
    A. Bees communicate by making a noise.
    B. Dogs wag their tails when they are angry.
    C. Chimpanzees can learn to use some grammar.
    D. Birds use sounds to stay together.
    5. This passage is mainly about _____.
    [     ]
    A. how scientists communicate with each other
    B. how scientists are studying animals' communication
    C. how people might communicate with animals
    D. how animals communicate with each other

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    Many students feel it difficult to remember new words when they begin to study English. Now I will give you some advice.

    1. Do not waste time in learning a list of English words. It is. the hardest way to remember English words. How do you learn to speak Chinese? You did it by listening carefully to the people talking to each other. You can find radio programs, TV programs and records, and listen to them carefully. The best way to learn all new words is through ear. As you listen to more and more dialogues, you will learn how English is pronounced in phrases and sentences. Of course, it is at enough to learn new words; you must learn how words are put together, and why some words in English are emphasized.

    2. Some people have found that they can learn the names of everyday objects, such as box, cup, desk and so on, in the following way. They write the names of subjects, they say the words. Try this and see if this way works for you. If it does not, then go on to practice your dialogues.

    1. Who gave the advice? Perhaps it was given by       .

    A. Carl Marx                                               B. a teacher from England

    C. American parents                                           D. a teacher of English

    2. The advice the writer gave us is mainly about       .

    A. how to learn English                                        B. how to put words together

    C. how to learn new words      

    D. how to write the names of the objects on paper and put the paper on them

    3. The writer gave us two pieces of advice. He seems to enjoy       .

    A. the first one               B. the second one        C. both of them          D. neither of them

    4. The writer thinks that the best way to learn new words is       .

    A. to do more reading                                   B. to do more writing

    C. to do more listening                          D. to learn which word is emphasized

    5. The way to write the names of the objects on paper and put the paper on them       .

    A. works for everyone                               B. does not work for anyone

    C. works only for some people                        D. works only for the Chinese students

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