阅读理解

Hurricanes

    在每年的6月到11月的飓风期间要发生6～8次“飓风”，2003年9月“伊莎贝尔”飓风在美国东海岸的北卡罗来纳州大举登陆。当地媒体报道说，时速高达160千米的大风和250毫米的降雨造成北卡罗来纳州和弗吉尼亚州南部41万多居民断电。飓风再一次让人类感受到它的威力。

    Early every summer, weather scientists in North America prepare for a new season of powerful ocean storms. These storms are called hurricanes. The word “hurricane” comes from the language of people who lived on islands in the Caribbean Sea (加勒比海) before the Europeans arrived. They experienced strong ocean storms usually caused by weather movements off the coast of North Africa. These weather events gather force as they move west toward the Caribbean and North America．

    A storm is called a hurricane when its wind speed becomes greater than 120 kilometers an hour. Some huge storms cause great loss of life and thousands of millions of dollars in damage. Understanding the movements of storms and hurricanes is the job of the National Hurricane Center in Miami (迈阿密), Florida. Today, many electronic tools make the job of weather scientists, or meteorologists (气象工作者) easier. Satellites observe weather from space. New radar (雷达) instruments gain information about weather movements. Also, airplanes can drop special instruments into storms that record large amounts of information about air movements. One computer program permits meteorologists to see all the information about weather that the National Hurricane Center collects.

   The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(美国海洋及大气管理局) has estimated (评估) the number of hurricanes for each year since 1998. NOAA expects six to eight hurricanes and nine to thirteen powerful Atlantic Ocean storms every year. Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean lasts from the beginning of June to the end of November.　　

Also, a weather event called El Nino (厄尔尼诺) will affect storms forming in the Atlantic Ocean. El Nino is caused by unusual warm currents of water in the eastern Pacific Ocean. It affects weather around the world.

Judge the following true (T) or false (F).

1. Hurricanes are a certain kind of powerful ocean storm.

2. The hurricane is not terrible and doesn't bring about deaths or do a lot of damage to the cities.

3. With the help of science and technology, it is not difficult for the scientists to know more about hurricanes today.

4. In the opinions of the NOAA experts, more than 20 hurricanes happen every year.

5. Hurricanes and El Nino make the weather warm around the world.

 

阅读理解

Hurricanes

    在每年的6月到11月的飓风期间要发生6～8次“飓风”，2003年9月“伊莎贝尔”飓风在美国东海岸的北卡罗来纳州大举登陆。当地媒体报道说，时速高达160千米的大风和250毫米的降雨造成北卡罗来纳州和弗吉尼亚州南部41万多居民断电。飓风再一次让人类感受到它的威力。

    Early every summer, weather scientists in North America prepare for a new season of powerful ocean storms. These storms are called hurricanes. The word “hurricane” comes from the language of people who lived on islands in the Caribbean Sea (加勒比海) before the Europeans arrived. They experienced strong ocean storms usually caused by weather movements off the coast of North Africa. These weather events gather force as they move west toward the Caribbean and North America．

    A storm is called a hurricane when its wind speed becomes greater than 120 kilometers an hour. Some huge storms cause great loss of life and thousands of millions of dollars in damage. Understanding the movements of storms and hurricanes is the job of the National Hurricane Center in Miami (迈阿密), Florida. Today, many electronic tools make the job of weather scientists, or meteorologists (气象工作者) easier. Satellites observe weather from space. New radar (雷达) instruments gain information about weather movements. Also, airplanes can drop special instruments into storms that record large amounts of information about air movements. One computer program permits meteorologists to see all the information about weather that the National Hurricane Center collects.

   The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(美国海洋及大气管理局) has estimated (评估) the number of hurricanes for each year since 1998. NOAA expects six to eight hurricanes and nine to thirteen powerful Atlantic Ocean storms every year. Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean lasts from the beginning of June to the end of November.　　

Also, a weather event called El Nino (厄尔尼诺) will affect storms forming in the Atlantic Ocean. El Nino is caused by unusual warm currents of water in the eastern Pacific Ocean. It affects weather around the world.

Judge the following true (T) or false (F).

1. Hurricanes are a certain kind of powerful ocean storm.

2. The hurricane is not terrible and doesn't bring about deaths or do a lot of damage to the cities.

3. With the help of science and technology, it is not difficult for the scientists to know more about hurricanes today.

4. In the opinions of the NOAA experts, more than 20 hurricanes happen every year.

5. Hurricanes and El Nino make the weather warm around the world.

 

.

第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Parents who smoke often open a window or turn on a fan to clear the air for their children, but experts now have identified a related threat to children's health that isn't as easy to get rid of: third-hand smoke。

　　That's the term being 21    to describe the invisible yet poisonous mixture of gases and particles(颗粒) clinging （依附）to smokers' hair and 22    , not to mention cushions and carpeting, that stays long after second-hand smoke has cleared from a room. The remaining  23   heavy metals, carcinogens(致癌物) and even radioactive materials that young children can get on their hands and take  in, 24  if they're crawling or playing on the floor。

　　Doctors from MassGeneral Hospital for Children in Boston coined the term "third-hand smoke" to 25 these chemicals in a new study that 26    on the risks they pose to infants and children. The study was published in the  27    issue of the journal Pediatrics。

　　"Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is bad, 28   they don't know about this," said Dr. Jonathan P. Winickoff, the lead author of the study and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School。

　　"When their kids are 29  the house, they might smoke. Or they smoke in the car. Or they strap(用带子捆扎) the kid in the car seat in the back and crack the window and 30   , and they think it's okay because the second-hand smoke isn't getting to their 31   . We needed a term to describe these tobacco toxins that aren't 32   ."

　　The study reported on 33   toward smoking in 1,500 households across the United States. It found that the vast majority of both smokers and nonsmokers were 34   that second-hand smoke is harmful to children. Some 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers 35  with the statement that "inhaling smoke from a parent's cigarette can 36    the health of infants and children"。

　　But 37   fewer of those surveyed were aware of the  38   of third-hand smoke. Since the term is so new, the researchers asked people if they agreed with the statement that "breathing air in a room 39  where people smoked yesterday can harm the health of infants and children"。

　　Only 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers agreed with that 40   , which researchers interpreted as acknowledgement of the risks of third-hand smoke.

21.A  told      B discussed     C  used       D  mentioned

22. A shoes      B clothing     C  body        D  mouth

23. A includes    B covers      C finds          D  improves

24. A especially   B specially    C immediately  D  regularly

25. A name       B call        C explain        D  describe

26. A focused     B  tended    C tried           D  worked

27. A later       B latest        C best           D  previous

28. A but        B and         C however        D   or 

29. A alongside   B out of       C in              D  beside

30. A cough     B  talk        C observe         D smoke 

31. A cars       B seats         C kids           D  windows

32. A visible    B  invisible     C poisonous       D concrete

33. A  policies  B  attitudes      C bans            D habits

34. A  told     B content       C  confident       D  aware

35. A opposed   B agreed        C fought          D  connected

36. A harm      B destroy       C improve         D confuse

37. A quite      B very        C far              D  too

38. A chances   B risks          C abilities          D conditions

39. A tomorrow   B today        C yesterday         D  weekend

40. A statement   B mark         C discussion        D prejudice

 

第二节  完型填空(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)　　

阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从36～55各题的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。并将答案写在答题卡上。

Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. 　36  in　 the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always in the heart of a town. This street was 37  on both sides with many 38  businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. 39   ,some shops offered 40  .These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe-repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. 　41  in　 the 1950s, a change began to 42  .Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street 43  too few parking places were 44  shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 45  the city limits. Open space is what their car-driving customers needed. 　　

And open space is what they got 46  the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centres, or rather malls, 47  as a collection of small new stores 48  crowded city centres. 49  by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 50  areas to outlying malls. And the growing 51  of shopping centres led 52   to the building of bigger and better?stocked stores. 53   the late 1970s,many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 54   of one stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, 55   benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.　　

36.A.As early as     B. Early      C. Early as       D. Earlier　　

37.A.built           B.designed      C.intented         D.lined　　

38.A.varied        B.various       C.sorted  D.mixed up　　

39.A.Apart from    B.However     C.In addition    D.As well　　

40.A.medical care  B.food        C.cosmetics      D.services　　

41.A.suddenly     B.Abruptly     C.Contrarily     D.But　　

42.A.be taking place      B.take place   C.be taken place   D.have taken place　　

43.A.while         B.yet               C.though   D.and then　　

44.A.available for  B.available to  C.used by             D.ready for　　

45.A.over           B.from        C.out of        D.outside　　

46.A.when          B.while       C.since          D.then　　

47.A.started        B.founded          C.set up     D.organized　　

48.A.out of         B.away from   C.next to       D.near　　

49.A.Attracted           B.Surprised    C.Delighted      D.Enjoyed　　

50.A.inner          B.central     C.shopping       D.downtown　　

51.A.distinction     B.fame        C.popularity     D.liking　　

52.A.on           B.in turn     C.by turns        D.further　　

53.A.By          B.During     C.In           D.Towards　　

54.A.cheapness      B.readiness     C.convenience   D.handiness　　

55.A.because of     B.and          C.with           D.provided