A．The great impact and progress in genetic engineering B．Worries about privacy protection C．Worries about medical use of genetic engineering D．Genetic knowledge helps to predict diseases E．Genetic knowledge may not be properly used AB．The application of genetic engineering in the medical fields

 
【小题1】__________
Current research into the human gene system is helping us understand why people have predispositions（易患某病倾向）to certain diseases．Knowing our genetic makeup can help us to judge whether or not we may be stricken by particular illness, such as cancer．Even before birth, we are able to do genetic screenings to determine what a child's genetic disorder will be．Scientists have already isolated and identified the genes responsible for the more than 4,000 genetic diseases that affect human beings．
【小题2】__________
The implications of this knowledge are astonishing. In addition to predicting genetic predisposition towards diseases, gene therapies may provide new treatments or cures for serious diseases．Millions of people already use genetically engineered drugs to treat heart disease, cancer, AIDS, and strokes （中风）. But with the research that is now being conducted, we may find cures to many more diseases．In the near future, genetic experimentation will also allow parents to select the traits of their children. Genetic traits that determine height, weight, eye and hair color will be able to be controlled, and many parents are excited about this potential.
【小题3】__________
Many people, however, are unwilling to accept the possibilities genetic research allowsFor example, one reason some women do not use the largest genetic testing for breast cancer is because they are afraid they will be discriminated against．Another problem is that many people do not want to discover their weakness．What if they learn that they have a disease for which there are no medical cures? How will such knowledge affect their lives? Do people really want to know what they will die of?
【小题4】__________
Many people believe that history has not always shown human decision-making to be bright when it comes to ethical（道德的）choices. Jeremy Rifkin is probably the most well known opponent of genetic engineering. He believes that humans are not responsible enough to experiment with genes and should not “play God” He asks, “Just because it can be done, does that mean it should be done?” He points out that our society will eventually look and act the same if parents select the traits of their children, and he questions the desirability of such a society．
【小题5】．__________
One of the fears expressed about genetic experimentation involves privacy. Already blood sample taken from patients in hospitals have been used for genetic research without the patients’ permission. Most people would agree that one’s health and genetic makeup are private concerns. But if insurance companies gain access to this information, it could have a large impact on insurance coverage or costs; if employers gain access to the information, it could have a large impact on hiring or promotion decisions. The possibilities for discrimination are obvious．

 

A．The great impact and progress in genetic engineering          B．Worries about privacy protection          C．Worries about medical use of genetic engineering          D．Genetic knowledge helps to predict diseases          E．Genetic knowledge may not be properly used          AB．The application of genetic engineering in the medical fields

 

1.__________

Current research into the human gene system is helping us understand why people have predispositions（易患某病倾向）to certain diseases．Knowing our genetic makeup can help us to judge whether or not we may be stricken by particular illness, such as cancer．Even before birth, we are able to do genetic screenings to determine what a child's genetic disorder will be．Scientists have already isolated and identified the genes responsible for the more than 4,000 genetic diseases that affect human beings．

2.__________

The implications of this knowledge are astonishing. In addition to predicting genetic predisposition towards diseases, gene therapies may provide new treatments or cures for serious diseases．Millions of people already use genetically engineered drugs to treat heart disease, cancer, AIDS, and strokes （中风）. But with the research that is now being conducted, we may find cures to many more diseases．In the near future, genetic experimentation will also allow parents to select the traits of their children. Genetic traits that determine height, weight, eye and hair color will be able to be controlled, and many parents are excited about this potential.

3.__________

Many people, however, are unwilling to accept the possibilities genetic research allowsFor example, one reason some women do not use the largest genetic testing for breast cancer is because they are afraid they will be discriminated against．Another problem is that many people do not want to discover their weakness．What if they learn that they have a disease for which there are no medical cures? How will such knowledge affect their lives? Do people really want to know what they will die of?

4.__________

Many people believe that history has not always shown human decision-making to be bright when it comes to ethical（道德的）choices. Jeremy Rifkin is probably the most well known opponent of genetic engineering. He believes that humans are not responsible enough to experiment with genes and should not “play God” He asks, “Just because it can be done, does that mean it should be done?” He points out that our society will eventually look and act the same if parents select the traits of their children, and he questions the desirability of such a society．

5.．__________

One of the fears expressed about genetic experimentation involves privacy. Already blood sample taken from patients in hospitals have been used for genetic research without the patients’ permission. Most people would agree that one’s health and genetic makeup are private concerns. But if insurance companies gain access to this information, it could have a large impact on insurance coverage or costs; if employers gain access to the information, it could have a large impact on hiring or promotion decisions. The possibilities for discrimination are obvious．

 

阅读理解

　　A giant （ very large ） panda from the Beijing Zoo has been saved by a transfusion of blond from two black bears. But it's still under special care , according to the Beijing Zoo.

　　Yong Liang, two years old , is the first giant panda raised from birth in the zoo. Last month zoo keepers found the panda was suffering from serious anaemia （贫血） , calling for urgent （紧急的） blood transfusion.

　　The best way , according to zoo's experts , to save Yong Liang from anaemia would have been to transfuse blood from another panda. But it was the breeding （ reproducing） season for giant pandas, making such a transfusion very difficult.

　　But the experts found that there exists a close consanguinity （血缘） between giant pandas and black bears , and so they decided to try to take blood from black bears in the zoo and transfuse it to Yong Liang.

　　With the help of hospitals and the Beijing Blood Donor Station, they made an experiment which proved that the red blood cells in the blood of black bears can be used.

　　On the afternoon of February 15th the first red blood cell transfusion was given to the giant panda, from 600m1 of black bear blood. Immediately the young panda started to recover.

1．The best title of the article should be ________.

[　　]

A．Protecting Giant Pandas

B．Yong Lianga Giant Panda

C．Bear Blood Saves Panda

D．A Successful Transfusion

2．Which of the following is not true according to the article?

[　　]

A．Giant pandas and black bears are of the same race.

B．The transfusion was based on scientific research and experiments.

C．After the special transfusion, the young panda began to regain health.

D．The 2-year-old panda must have been born in the Beijing Zoo.

3．They decided to try another way instead of the best way to save the panda because ________.

[　　]

A．it was difficult to find other pandas

B．blood of pandas was too expensive

C．it was the breeding season for the panda , Yong Liang

D．other pandas were producing young at that time

4．This article must be taken from ________.

[　　]

Are you a real bad – tempered person in the mornings? Do you wake up every day feeling tired, angry and upset, and easy to become sleepy again? If so, then a new alarm clock could be just for you.

The clock, called Sleep Smart, measures your sleep cycle, and waits for you to be in your lightest phase （阶段） of sleep before waking you up. Its makers say that should ensure you wake up feeling refreshed every morning.

As you sleep, you pass through a sequence of sleep states, light sleep, deep sleep and REM sleep, and that repeats approximately every 90 minutes. The points in that cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how long or little you have slept. Being wakened during a light phase means you are more likely to wake up cheerful and full of life and interest.

Sleep Smart records the distinct pattern of brain waves produced during each phase of sleep, via a headband（头箍） equipped with electrodes and a microprocessor. This measures the electrical activity of the wearer's brain, in much the same way as some machines used for medical and research , and communicates wirelessly with a clock unit near the bed. You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then duly wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that.

The concept was invented by a group of students at Brown University in Rhode Island after a friend complained of waking up tried and performing poorly on a test. “As sleep－deprived （剥夺） people ourselves, we started thinking of what to do about it,” says Eric, a recent college graduate and now chief executive officer of Axon Sleep Research Laboratories, a company created by the students to develop their idea. They have almost finished the design and the production experiment and plan to market it by next year.

1．Sleep Smart is a clock that           .

       A．enables you to go to sleep                     B．wakes you up at the proper time

       C．helps you to get up early                       D．makes you sleep in a light phase

2．As you sleep, the headband        .

      A．analyses your sleep cycle every 90 minutes

       B．records the time when you fall into deep sleep

       C．communicates wirelessly with a computer

       D．measures the electric activity of your brain

3．To make the device Sleep Smart work, the sleeper should       .

      A．keep himself keep in light sleep              B．turn on the recorder

       C．set the latest time for waking up            D．adjust his headband well

4．The idea of making such a clock was thought of by       .

      A．some students at brown University

       B．a sleep – deprived person in Rhode Island

       C．some college graduates and a chief officer

       D．the researchers at Axon Sleep Research Laboratories

    A giant (very large) panda from the Beijing Zoo has been saved by a transfusion of blood from two black bears．But it’s still under special care, according to the Beijing Zoo.

    Young Liang, two years old, is the first giant panda raised from birth in the zoo．Last month zoo keepers found the panda was suffering from serious anemia (贫血), calling for urgent (紧急) blood transfusion.

    The best way, according to the zoo’s experts, to save Young Liang from anemia would have been to transfuse blood from another panda．But it was the breeding (reproducing) season for giant pandas, making such a transfusion very difficult.

    But the experts found that there exists a close consanguinity (血缘) between giant pandas and black bears, and so they decided to try to take blood from black bears in the zoo and transfuse it to Young Liang.

    With the help of hospitals and the Beijing Blood Donor Station, they made an experiment which proved that the red blood ceils (细胞) in the blood of black bears can be used.

    On the afternoon of February 15th the first red blood cell transfusion was given to the giant panda, from 600 ml of black bear blood．Immediately the young panda started to recover.

1．The best title of the article should be ________.

A．Protecting Giant Pandas

B．Young Liang——a Giant Panda

C．Bear Blood Saves Panda

D．A Successful Transfusion

2．Which of the following is not true according to the article?

A．Giant pandas and black bears are of the same race.

B．The transfusion was based on scientific research and experiments.

C．After the special transfusion, the young panda began to regain health.

D．The 2-year-old panda must have been born in the Beijing Zoo.

3．They decided to try another way instead of the best way to save the panda because ________.

A．it was difficult to find other pandas

B．the blood of pandas was too expensive

C．it was the breeding season for the panda, Yong Liang

D．other pandas were producing young at that time

4．This article must be taken from ________.

A．“China Daily”

B．a doctor’s diary

C．a story book

D．a medical book