阅读理解

　　Some inventions are so useful, but seem so simple, that we wonder why no one thought of them long ago. Post-it Notes--the pieces of paper that you can fasten almost any where and then remove without leaving any sign that they were there--are an example of such an invention.

　　Post-it Notes were invented about twenty years ago by Art Fry, a scientist at 3M Corporation. The idea for the product came from a frustrating(令人沮丧的)experience he often had while singing in his church choir(唱诗班). Fry used pieces of paper as bookmarks to mark the places in his book of songs, but these bookmarks were always falling out. He knew he needed a bookmark that would stay where he put it, but that he could remove without damaging the pages.

　　Around that time, Fry heard about a new adhesive(粘合剂) that a colleague(同行), Dr. Spence Silver, had created. This adhesive was special because it was sticky，but not too sticky. It was strong enough to hold papers together, but weak enough to not tear the paper when it was removed. Fry saw that the new adhesive could help solve his bookmark problem. One morning, Fry put some of the adhesive on the edge of a piece of paper. Just as he hoped, it made a perfect bookmark.

　　A short time later, Fry realized that his new invention had even more uses than being a great bookmark. He came to this realization when he wrote a note on one of his new“bookmarks”and attached(附着)it to a report he was going to give to a colleague. Soon, co-workers were asking Fry for more samples(样品)of his invention so that they could use the new type of notes themselves.

　　Fry and some other people at 3 M believed so much in the new product that they persuaded the company to give away thousands of the“sticky pieces of paper”for trial use. When some salespeople at 3M went to offices and showed workers just how helpful the new type of notes could be, they immediately received many orders. As more and more people discovered how useful Post-it Notes could be, the product took off.

1．The invention of Post-it Notes showed that Art Fry _____.

[　　]

A．had a lot of knowledge

B．was very hard-working

C．was good at creative(创造性的)thinking

D．loved his job in the church

2．In what way did Dr. Spence help Art Fry?

[　　]

A．They worked together and often discussed science.

B．His invention of a special adhesive made Art's invention possible.

C．He persuaded 3M Corporation to give away lots of Post-it Notes for trial use.

D．He cooperated with Art by providing the new adhesive for Art.

3．Which of the following is a possible use of Post-it Notes?

[　　]

A．A note on a friend's door.

B．An e-mail to a friend.

C．A postcard from abroad.

D．An ad in a newspaper.

42The underlined phrase“took off”means _____.

[　　]

A．started to leave the ground

B．disappeared from the market

C．had even more uses

D．became popular very quickly

III 阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Advertising in America offers some great advantages to consumers. For example, in order to keep prices low through mass production, companies must have a mass market for their products. Mass advertising creates mass markets. Producers cannot afford to develop new products, put them on the market and wait for customers to discover them. This would take too long. Demand for some products must be created. This is done through advertising.

　　But advertising sometimes makes it difficult for consumers to make wise decisions. The fact is that when people are constantly flooded with messages through the mass media persuading them to buy particular products, many respond by buying them.

　　Advertising is designed to influence an individual to buy a product. Sellers often study human behavior to discover what will convince consumers to buy a certain item. This reason for buying is called a buying motive.

　　Buying motives are usually broken down into two categories: rational and emotional. Rational buying motives include the desire to save money, the desire for comfort, or the desire for good workmanship. Emotional buying motives include buying out of fear, wanting to be liked, and wanting to have something better than your friends have.

　　Emotional appeals are found in most consumer advertising today. Certain cars promise to make the driver feel "younger" and " freer". Shoes promise to make the buyer's whole life "springier". Life insurance policies promise to take the "care out of living".

　　Most consumers believe that they are not easily influenced by emotional appeals. However, corporations that sell consumer products obviously think differently. They spend many millions of dollars every day on radio, television, newspaper and magazine ads that use these appeals.　　

1. It can be inferred from the passage that one of the advantages of advertising for consumers is that ________.

A. it can create a big demand for consumer goods

B. the mass market created by it leads to low prices

　C. producers can introduce new products to consumers

　D. it helps consumers discover new products

2. Consumers sometimes find it difficult to make a sensible decision when buying a particular product     because __________ .

　A. many advertisements are too difficult for them to understand

　B. they are afraid to be taken in by dishonest advertisements

　C. mass advertising offers them a range of good and cheap products

　D. they are confused by the quantity of advertisements promoting it

3. According to the passage, a toothpaste ad promising that people who use the product will make a lot of friends is an example of an ad that appeals to __________ .

　A. rational buying motives                              B. the consumer's commonsense

　C. emotional buying motives                         　D. the desire for a good product

4. The reason why companies spend enormous amounts of money on advertising is that ________ .

　A. they believe people can be influenced to buy a certain produce

B. it takes a lot of advertising to convince people to buy a certain product

　C. most consumers are not easily influenced by emotional appeals

　D. advertising based on emotional appeals are very effective

5. The best title for this passage would be ________ .

　A. Advertising can create demand                  　B. The advantages of advertising

　C. What effective advertising can do              　D. The role of advertising in selling products

We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming（把…按能力分班）pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
　　Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual (智力的) abilities. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
　　In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
　　Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this effectively. And expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
1. Group work provides pupils with the opportunity_________.
　　A. to develop academic abilities                 　　 B. to learn to teach.
　　C. to do some experiments                        　　 D. to learn to be capable organizers.
2. By "held back" in the first paragraph the author means _________.
　　A. drawn to their studies                           　　     B. prevented from advancing
　　C. made to remain in the same classes         　　 D. forced to study in the lower classes
3. In the passage the author's attitude towards " mixed-ability teaching" is ________.
　　A.questioning               B. approving  　　     C. objective 　　 D. critical
4. The author's purpose of writing this passage is to _________.
　　A. offer advice on the proper use of the library
　　B. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching
　　C. argue for teaching bright and not -so-bright pupils in the same class
　　D. recommend pair work and group-work for classroom activities
5. The author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the student's _____.
　　A. total personality              　　                   B. intellectual ability
　　C. learning ability and communicative skills        D. personal qualities and social skills

阅读理解

　　Right now in schools across the country children are busy selling Pepsi-Cola in the name of education. They are part of Pepsi's “Learn and Earn Project” —a competition set up by Pepsi once a year that encourages students to sell the soft drink at parties, basketball games and other school functions.

　　Then, each spring, the students write up their Pepsi-selling success stories for a chance at national prizes: shares of stock(股份) in the Pepsi-Cola Company.

　　According to materials the company sends the teachers, the project declares “help strengthening students' broad understandings of business, particularly its broad marketing and management aspects. ”

　　Whether it fufills this objective or not, it does succeed in selling Pepsi .

　　The “Learn and Earn Project” is just one example of the hundreds of ways food companies encouraging the buying ad their products in schools. Particularly in the fields of nutrition and hams economics, companies send numerous “teaching aids”: highly Professional films, shiny workbooks and pamphlets (小册子) , all available to teachers at well commercial rates or free.

　　For example, the Savennach Sugar Refining Corp puts out a book for students called “Sugar through the Ages” which includes statements such as “Scientists have found that generous amounts of sugar are a valuable part of well-balanced diets for growing children.”

　　By far the largest supplier of nutrition-education materials to schools is the National Dairy Council, which provides all sorts of pamphlets addressing questions ranging from “How am I doing socially?” to “How am I doing physically?”These materials are full of things about dairy(乳) Products, daily calcium (钙)requirement , etc . Drink milk ,the message seems to be, and you too can be popular.

　　But nutrition and home economics are rat the only areas where companies have found a lucrative(获利) form of advertising.

1．What is NOT true of Pepsi's “Learn and Earn Project”?

[　　]

A．Students selling Pepsi-Cola successfully will become stock holders in the company.

B．Students may gain a better understanding of a business project.

C．It is carried out every year.

D．The Pepsi Company gains much profit out of it.

2．The main idea of the passage is that ________.

[　　]

A．students learn much knowledge of nutrition and home economics through their practice of business

B．Pepsi's “Learn and Earn Project ”helps strengthening the students' broad understanding of business

C．many big companies provide money for schools successfully by carrying out their “Learn and Earn Project”

D．various types of companies extend the selling of their products to schools

3．What do you think is the author's attitude toward such approaches (探讨) to education?

[　　]

A．The author doesn't show his like or dislike for them.

B．The author doesn't think highly of them.

C．The author doubts if those companies can fulfill their objectives .

D．The author takes a denifite(明确的) attitude towards them .

4．The underlined word “generous” most probably means ________.

[　　]

C

　　What comes as a shock to many Westerners may be the unfriendly way that some Chinese treat waiters and waitresses in restaurants and bars. Over the last few years,as many in Beijing have made fortunes,I and many of my foreign friends have noticed a downturn in the treatment of those who work all hours and often live in terrible conditions to bring us our food,guard our homes and sell us clothes.It's not the common citizens,but the young nouveau riches(暴发户) Chinese in Beijing who are mostly guilty of this both social and human misbehavior.

　　It is not unusual to see and hear these people,especially the young women among their ranks,speaking rudely to the waiters and waitresses,as they sit there in the misguided belief that the latest mobile phone,a new car and designer clothes give them the right to talk to people like dirt.In one recent incident(事件) in an expensive restaurant near where I live ,I overheard the table next to me,two guys and a girl,tell the waitress "You really are stupid ",because she had brought them two glasses instead of three.They all burst into loud laughter as the young girl ran away to fetch another.In anther incident I saw a waitress reduced to tears as four well-dressed girls criticized everything from her accent to her looks.

　　Lately I have noticed that this rather unpleasant aspect of the nouveau riches has been taken up by many of their foreign peers(同类人).So I ask Beijing's bright young things to set a good example,and treat all people with equal respect.And I urge foreigners to follow the good examples of their Chinese language teachers and textbooks while adding some of the pleasantries of their own cultures,so that cultural interpenetration(相互渗透) has a positive influence and not a negative one.

　　Here I'd like to leave you with the words from Confucius:"What you do not wish for yourself, do not "do to others."

　　64.The writer has noticed that less respect is shown to _______ in Beijing in recent years.

　　　A.common citizens          B.waiters and the like

　　　C.young nouveau riches      D.some foreigners

　　65.The two incidents mentioned in Paragraph 2 are used to show ______.

　　　A.waiters and waitresses can make excusable mistakes

　　　B.waitresses are usually too shy to be laughed at

　　　C.some Beijingers are too particular about restaurant service

　　　D.what's being talked about is not rare

　　66.The young Beijingers are asked to set a good example in order to ______

　　　A.have good influence over foreigners

　　　B.leave a good impression on foreigners

　　　C.educate younger Chinese

　　　D.develop traditional Chinese culture

　　67.The origial title of the article is most likely to be _______.

　　　A.One Dark Side of the Bright Chinese Capital

　　　B.Beijing's Young Nouveau Riches,Watch Out

　　　C.Dno't Throw Away Good Manners,Please

　　　D.People Like Waiters Live at Bottom of Society