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There's an old saying, “You can put more salt in the soup，but once it's in there，you can't get it out.”__1__ And your child can help！Here's an exciting experiment for your child to try：

Start by helping your child to mix salt into the water in the mixing bowl and stirring until it is fully dissolved溶解）．

___2__ Make sure that you don't let any of the salty water into it.

___3__ Then take a small rock，and place it right on top of the center of the plastic wrap，so that all of the plastic leans slightly toward the middle of the bowl where the cup is.

Put the whole setup in full，hot sun，and wait. Within an hour, you should see water droplets begin to form on the underside of the plastic. __4___

Wait, and then take the plastic off. A good amount of water should be in the small cup.

__5__ Guess what? No salt！The water vaporized蒸发）in the heat of the sun，and then returned to its liquid state. Salt doesn't do that一it stayed behind. You really can take the salt out of salt water！

As it happens，this is an excellent lesson in the way matter can change states.

A．Fresh water is scarcer than ever.

B．Invite your child to taste with you.

C．Water can go from liquid to gas and to liquid again.

D．Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and seal the edges.

E．Then place a cup or a smaller bowl into the center of the bowl.

F．They'll flow and drip into the center of the bowl，and into the cup.

G.．Today, scientists are busy exploring ways to take the salt out of salt water in large quantities.

 

Scientists who discovered a new way of generating electricity from water say they may have come across an alternative source of clean energy to rival wind and solar power.

The breakthrough, which scientists say is the first new way to generate electricity in 160 years, could lead to batteries that use water instead of poisonous substances.

The scientists made the discovery when they were investigating what happens when tap water is forced through extremely narrow glass tubes. Water squeezed down the tubes, each of which was narrower than a tenth the thickness of a human hair, generating a small electric current that ran the length of the tube. To produce a larger electric current, the team tried forcing water through a glass water filter(滤水器)that contained thousands of narrow channels lined up side by side. “When we took a syringe(注射器)of water and squeezed it through the filter, we got enough power to light a light bulb,” said Larry Kostiuk of the University of Alberta in Canada. “The harder you push the syringe, the more electric current you get.”

The current is produced because of an effect in the glass tubes. When they are filled with water, positively charged ions(阳离子)fixed in the tubes are washed away, leaving a slight negative charge on the glass surface. When water is then forced along the tube, the surface repels negatively charged ions in the water while positively charged ions are attracted down the tube. The result is a net flow of positively charged ions that sets up an electric current.

According to Dr Kostiuk, no one has ever thought to use water to produce electricity in this way. “The last time someone came up with a way of generating electricity was Michael Faraday in 1839,” he said. “So this is the first new way of generating electricity in 160 years, which is why we are so excited about it.”

Dr Kostiuk says water batteries might one day be used to power mobile phones and calculators, but admitted that the engineering challenges might make other applications more realistic. “You’d need to be sure it wouldn’t leak, and you’d need to make sure it wouldn’t freeze,” he said.

More likely would be to install the electricity-generating devices where water is already being pumped, such as at city water filtration sites, he said. “It could compete with wind and solar power,” he added.

1.What does the passage mainly want to tell us about?

A. A kind of solar power discovered by scientists.

B. A kind of new energy source found in tap water.

C. The breakthrough to generate electricity 160 yeas ago.

D. A kind of new battery invented without poisonous substances.

2.The underlined word “repels” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _________.

A. rejects       B. identifies         C. attracts         D. rebels

3.Why were the scientists extremely happy about their new discovery?

A. They were the first to find a new way to produce electricity.

B. They could make an electric current to light a light bulb.

C. Their discovery could be used to invent water batteries.

D. Their discovery was made 160 years earlier than Faraday’s.

4.What can we infer about potential water batteries?

A. They must be used to power mobile phones and calculators.

B. They have some possible disadvantages like water leaking.

C. They would be needed greatly at city water filtration sites.

D. They would be better than wind and solar power.

 

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

(选E涂AB; 选F涂CD)

以下是一些旅游项目的简介：

A. Sea kayaking in Turkey

Enjoy beautiful scenery on Turkey’s Turquoise Coast. The water is clear and calm with temperatures of 25º–28º in July and August. You don’t need any previous kayaking experience to enjoy this trip. However, you do need to be quite fit, as you will be on the water for 4–6 hours a day.

B. Diving holidays in Kenya

Experience diving and sailing in the Indian Ocean in March and April. Enjoy warm, clear water and white, sandy beaches. Spend all of your stay on one of our yachts (游艇) with first-class service and excellent food. Explore remote and unspoilt reefs, and see a wonderful range of underwater sea life.

C. Swimming with dolphins in The Azores Islands, Portugal

Would you like to discover the underwater world of the dolphin? Join us in July or August in the clear waters around the Azores. You will receive training from expert guides to gain confidence in the water with the animals. We often see eight different species of dolphin during our trips.

D. Gulfoss Waterfall in Iceland

Come to Iceland in summer to see the biggest waterfall in Europe. Gulfoss, the ‘Golden Waterfall’ is a truly spectacular sight. The water from the River Hvítá and water from glaciers come together and fall 32m in two stages. You can follow a path quite close to the falls, which provides wonderful opportunities for photos and videos. Warm clothing is essential.

E. Plitvice Lakes, Croatia (克罗地亚)

Set in a National Park, the lakes are Croatia’s most popular tourist attraction. The beauty of the region comes from the 16 lakes, waterfalls, and areas of woodland, where deer, wolves and bears can be found. The park is open all year. There are several walks for all levels of fitness. You can also see the park by boat or bus.

F. Lake Balaton, Hungary

If you enjoy nature, you will love Lake Balaton. Much of the area around the lake is part of a protected National Park. We have expert guides with knowledge of local plants and animals. That will take you on long walks around the park. The marsh area of the lake is home to a wide number of bird species.

以下是五个人的旅游爱好，请匹配每个人拟选择的旅游项目：

1.Jonny is crazy about plants and animals in different parts of the world. He travels a lot and each summer he goes to a different place to learn about the local plants and wildlife.

2.Leo and his family have already done different water sports in Europe and so want to travel further abroad. They would like to try a new sport and they don’t mind working hard. They are not free to travel until the summer.

3.Ellen enjoys being near water but she doesn’t want to do any water sports and she doesn’t like the cold. Walking long distances is rather difficult for her, but she likes being outside and seeing wildlife. She has already been to Hungary. She can travel at any time between November and January.

4.Amy and Eric are retired but they are still very active. They enjoy walking and looking at scenery. They would like to go somewhere cool this summer where Amy can take a lot of photos.

5.Will is a student of marine biology. He is also a very good swimmer and an experienced diver. He’s looking for a summer holiday where he can learn about animals and help people. He wants to stay in Europe.

 

Expressions about water are almost as common as water itself. But many of the expressions using water have unpleasant meanings.

The expression “to be in hot water" is one of them. It is a very old expression. “Hot water” was used 500 years ago to mean being in trouble. One story says it got that meaning from the custom of throwing extremely hot water down on enemies attacking a castle.

That no longer happens. But we still get in “hot water”．When we are in “hot water”, we are in trouble. It can be any kind of trouble—serious or not so serious. A person who breaks a law can be in hot water with the police. A young boy can be in hot water with his mother. if he walks in the house with dirty shoes.

Being in “deep water” is almost the same as being in hot water. When you are in deep water, you are in a difficult position. Imagine a person who cannot swim being thrown in water over his head.

You are in deep water when you are facing a problem that you do not have the ability to solve. The problem is too deep. You can be in deep water, for example, if you invest in stocks without knowing anything about the stock market.

“To keep your head above water” is a colorful expression that means staying out of debt. A company seeks to keep its head above water during economic hard times. A man who loses his job tries to keep his head above water until he finds a new job.

“Water over the dam” is another expression about a past event. It is something that is finished. It cannot be changed. The expression comes from the idea that water that has flowed over a dam cannot be brought back again.

1.Which of the following two expressions have almost the same meaning?

A．To be in hot water；To be in deep water.

B．To be in hot water；To keep your head above water.

C．To be in deep water；Water over the dam.

D．Water over the dam；To be in hot water.

2.If a person tries to keep his head out of water，we can say that       .

A．he is in danger of losing his life

B．he is trying to pay off his debt

C．he is trying to keep his promise

D．he is trying not to get into debt

3.What can you infer from the passage?

A．“To be in hot water” can only be used to mention serious trouble.

B．“Water over the dam” is an expression about a future event.

C．Water could be used in the war in the past.

D．All of the expressions using water have unpleasant meanings.

4.This passage is written mainly to tell us        .

A．the use of water

B．how to use some expressions about water

C．expressions about water and their meanings

D．expressions with negative meaning

 

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Oliver Twist, one of the most famous works of Charles Dickens, is a novel reflecting the tragic fact of the life in Britain in the 19th century.

The author who himself was born in a poor family wrote this novel in his twenties with a view to reveal the ugly masks of those cruel criminals and to 36  the horror and violence hidden underneath the narrow and dirty streets in London.

The hero of this novel was Oliver Twist, an orphan, who was thrown into a world full of  37

and crime. He suffered enormous pain, 38  hunger, thirst, beating and abuse. While reading the tragic experiences of little Oliver, I was shocked by his sufferings. I 39  the poor boy, but at the same time I detested the evil Fagin and the brutal Bill. To my relief, as was written in all the best stories, the goodness eventually conquered  40   and Oliver lived a happy life in the end. One of the plots that attracted me  41  is that after the theft, little Oliver was allowed to recover in the kind care of Mrs Maylie and Rose and  42   a new life.

How can such a little boy who had already suffered oppressive pain 43  pure in body and mind? The reason is the nature of goodness. I think it is the most important information 44  in the novel by Dickens --- he believed that goodness could conquer  45  difficulty.

Goodness is to human what water is to fish. He who is without goodness is an utterly  46  person. On the contrary, as the famous saying goes, “ The fragrance always stays in the hand that gives the rose.” He who is with goodness undoubtedly is a happy and useful person. People receiving his help are grateful to him and he also gets gratified from what he has done, and thus he can do  47  to both the people he has helped and himself.

36. A. open        B. exploit          C. expose           D. cover

37. A. honor                  B. poverty         C. glory            D. imagination

38. A. such like               B. for example    C. such as          D. for instance

39. A. looked down upon                       B. made an apology for

   C. played a joke on                          D. felt sorry for

40. A. relationship     B. kindness          C. carelessness   D. devil

41. A. mainly     B. most           C. mostly          D. best

42. A. began               B. launched         C. set                D. changed

43. A. bear                          B. remain            C. hold          D. maintain

44. A. contained            B. implied             C. imported      D. added

45. A. every               B. some             C. little            D. much

46. A. gracious            B. worthless      C. modest       D. earnest

47. A. harm              B. damage       C. good              D. justice