SHANGHAI - Health experts in Shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the latest research shows about half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.

About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in families, 50 percent in public places, and almost 6 percent on public transportation, shows a research released by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center on Tuesday.

"Not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the adverse effects of passive smoking," said Tang Jingyan, a doctor at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.

"Actually, those young children whose bodies are still growing and developing are more sensitive to the effects of secondhand smoke."

Research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds, coughs and sore throats, and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis, pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.

Doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more likely to have behavioral problems and may not develop mentally as quickly as their peers．

Other research by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center has found that more than 80 percent of child patients in the center live in a smoke-filled household, where one or both parents smoke．

"Though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking over and over, it is still hard to reach a totally 'smoke free' home," said a pediatrician named Zhang Yiwen, noting that parents are often tempted to smoke even though they have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.

China has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke, 180 million of them younger than 15．The age of smokers is also getting lower, earlier reports said.

"There are more young smokers than before．You can see young people wearing a school uniform and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette on the street．Some of them are even female students," said Jing Xingming, a professor of children's developmental behavior at the center.

"Children like to imitate adults, especially their parents．If parents often smoke at home, it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit, which can cause a vicious circle," Jin said.

Reports from the Ministry of Health said China has about 350 million smokers, of whom 15 million are underage smokers．Also, around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking, and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.

1.What is the main idea of the passage?

   A．About half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.

   B．Experts are calling for more protection for youngsters from smoking.

   C．More and more youngsters are picking up the habit of smoking.

   D．Smoking does great harm to the health of the youngsters.

2.What kind of the youngsters most possibly develop a habit of smoking?

   A．Children of non-smoking mothers.        B．Children of non-smoking fathers.

   C．Children of heavy smokers.                  D．Children from some smoking centers.

3.Which of the following disease may not be connected with secondhand smoking?

      A．Cancer.               B．Behavioral problems.     C．Sore throats.       D．Coughs.  

4.The underlined word “vicious” in the last paragraph but one most probably means ___________.

       A．complete             B．simple                 C．great                   D．bad

5.What can be inferred from the passage?

   A．About 80% of the children in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center smoke heavily.

   B．About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.

   C．About 540 million people are heavy smokers in China.

   D．Children aged between 13 to 18 are more likely addicted to smoking.

 

 

The young people who talk of the village as being “dead” are talking nothing but nonsense, as in their hearts they must surely know.

No, the village is not dead. There is more life in it now than there ever was. But it seems that “village life” is dead. Gone for ever. It began to decline about a hundred years ago. When many girls left home to go into service in town many miles away, and men also left home in increasing numbers in search of work, and home was where work was. There are still a number of people alive today who can remember what “village life” meant in the early years of the present century. It meant knowing and being known by everybody else in the village. It meant finding your entertainment in the village of within walking distance of it. It meant housewives tied to the home all day and every day. It meant going to bed early to save lamp oil and coal.

Then came the First World War and the Second World War. After each war, new ideas, new attitudes, new trades and occupations were revealed（展现）to villagers. The long-established order of society was no longer taken for granted. Electricity and the motorcar were steadily operating to make “village life” and “town life” almost alike. Now with the highly developed science and technology and high-level social welfare（福利）for all, there is no point whatever in talking any longer about “village life.” It is just life, and a better life.

Finally, if we have any doubts about the future, or about the many changes which we have seen in our lives, we have only to look in at the school playground any mid-morning; or see the children as they walk homeward in little groups. 0bviously these children are better fed, better clothed, better educated, healthier, prettier and happier than any generation of children that ever before walked the village street.

1．By saying that village is not dead, but “village life” is dead, the writer suggests that_______ .

         A．those young people who talk of the village as being “dead” are wrong

         B．the two statements are against each other

         C．“village life” today is rather uninteresting

         D．“village life” today is no longer like what it used to be

2．As is suggested in paragraph 2, villages in the past______________.

         A．lived a simpler life than villagers today    

         B．knew fewer people than villagers today

         C．found it difficult to enjoy themselves

         D．like to wash themselves with cold water

3．The expression “…there is no point whatever in talking about…” in paragraph 3 means that______________.

         A．there is no end to the talking about …     

         B．it is harmful to talk about …

         C．it is not meaningless to talk about …

         D．there is no reason for talking about …

4．What does the writer think of the “village life today”?

         A．Dead.         B．Worse         C．Better.       D．Unclear.

 

You’re in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at a sweater. You listen to their conversation:

“I can’t believe it —a Lorenzo Bertolla! They are almost impossible to find. Isn’t it beautiful? And it’s a lot cheaper than the one Sara bought in Rome.”

They leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater．It's nice and the price is right．You've never heard of Lorenzo Bertolla, but those girls looked really stylish．They must know．So, you buy it．You never realize that those young women are employees of an advertising agency．They are actually paid to go from store to store, talking loudly about Lorenzo BertoHa clothes.

   Every day we notice what people are wearing, driving and eating．If the person looks cool, the product seems cool, too．This is the secret of undercover（暗中影响的） marketing．Companies from Ford to Nike are starting to use it.

   Undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that don't pay attention to traditional advertising．This is particularly true of the MTV generation----consumers between the age of 18 and 34．It is a golden group．They have a lot of money to spend, but they don't trust ads.

   So advertising agencies hire young actors to "perform" in bars and other places where young adults go．Some people might call this practice deceptive, but marketing executive Jonathan Ressler calls it creative．"Look at traditional advertising．Its effectiveness is decreasing."

   However, one might ask what exactly is "real" about of young women pretending to be enthusiastic about a sweater? Adverting executives would say it's no less real than an ad．The difference is that you know an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something．You don' t know when a conversation you overhear is just a performance.

The two attractive young women were talking so that they could ________.

    A．get the sweater at a lower price      B．be heard by people around

    C．be admired by other shoppers                D．decide on buying the sweater

Lorenzo Bertolla is __________．

    A．a very popular male singer             B．an advertising agency

    C．a clothing company in Rome            D．the brand name of a sweater

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? 

    A．The two girls are in fact employed by the Lorenzo Bertolla Company.

    B．The MTV generation tend to be more easily influenced by ads.

    C．Traditional advertising is becoming less effective because it's too direct.

    D．Undercover marketing will surely be banned soon by the government.

Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

    A．Two Attractive Shoppers          B．Lorenzo Bertolla Sweaters

    C．Ways of Advertising               D．Undercover Marketing

SHANGHAI - Health experts in Shanghai are calling for more protection for young children as the latest research shows about half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.

About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in families, 50 percent in public places, and almost 6 percent on public transportation, shows a research released by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center on Tuesday.

"Not only adults but also children and newborn babies are at risk for the adverse effects of passive smoking," said Tang Jingyan, a doctor at the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.

"Actually, those young children whose bodies are still growing and developing are more sensitive to the effects of secondhand smoke."

Research has shown that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke will suffer from more colds, coughs and sore throats, and they are more likely to suffer from bronchitis, pneumonia and will have a higher risk of developing cancer.

Doctors even suggested that children suffering passive smoking are more likely to have behavioral problems and may not develop mentally as quickly as their peers.

Other research by the Shanghai Children's Medical Center has found that more than 80 percent of child patients in the center live in a smoke-filled household, where one or both parents smoke.

"Though doctors have stressed the harm of passive smoking over and over, it is still hard to reach a totally 'smoke free' home," said a pediatrician named Zhang Yiwen, noting that parents are often tempted to smoke even though they have learned the harmful effects of secondhand smoke.

China has 540 million people suffering from passive smoke, 180 million of them younger than 15. The age of smokers is also getting lower, earlier reports said.

"There are more young smokers than before. You can see young people wearing a school uniform and carrying a schoolbag light a cigarette on the street. Some of them are even female students," said Jing Xingming, a professor of children's developmental behavior at the center.

"Children like to imitate adults, especially their parents. If parents often smoke at home, it is very likely children will develop a smoking habit, which can cause a vicious circle," Jin said.

Reports from the Ministry of Health said China has about 350 million smokers, of whom 15 million are underage smokers. Also, around 40 million of the country's 130 million children aged between 13 and 18 had tried smoking, and 15 million had become addicted to tobacco.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A. About half of the youngsters are suffering from secondhand smoke.

B. Experts are calling for more protection for youngsters from smoking.

C. More and more youngsters are picking up the habit of smoking.

D. Smoking does great harm to the health of the youngsters.

What kind of the youngsters most possibly develop a habit of smoking?

A. Children of non-smoking mothers.                     B. Children of non-smoking fathers.

C. Children of heavy smokers.                                  D. Children from some smoking centers.

Which of the following disease may not be connected with secondhand smoking?

  A. Cancer.              B. Behavioral problems.        C. Sore throats.      D. Coughs.  

The underlined word “vicious” in the last paragraph but one most probably means ___________.

A. complete                  B. simple                        C. great               D. bad

What can be inferred from the passage?

A. About 80% of the children in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center smoke heavily.

B. About 45 percent of children suffer passive smoking in the Shanghai Children's Medical Center.

C. About 540 million people are heavy smokers in China.

D. Children aged between 13 to 18 are more likely addicted to smoking.

 

You’re in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at a sweater. You listen to their conversation：

　　“I can’t believe it—a Lorenzo Betrolla! They are almost impossible to find. Isn’t it beautiful？And it’s a lot cheaper than the one Sara bought in Rome”.

　　They leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater. It’s nice and the price is right. You’ve never heard of Lorenzo Bertolla, but those girls looked really stylish. They must know. So，you buy it. You never realize that those young women are employees of an advertising agency. They are actually paid to go from store to store, talking loudly about Lorenzo Bertolla clothes.

　　Every day we notice what people are wearing, driving and eating. If the person looks cool，the product seems cool，too. This is the secret of undercover marketing. Companies from Ford to Nike are starting to use it.

　　Undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that don’t pay attention to traditional advertising. This is particularly true of the MTV generation—consumers between the age of 18 and 34. It is a golden group. They have a lot of money to spend, but they don’t trust ads.

　　So advertising agencies hire young actors to “perform” in bars and other places where young adults go. Some people might call this practice misleading, but marketing executive Jonathan Ressler calls it creative.“Look at traditional advertising. Its effectiveness is decreasing”.

　　However，one might ask what exactly is “real” about the young women pretending to be enthusiastic about a sweater. Advertising executives (主管) would say it’s no less real than flu ad. The difference is that you know an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something. You don’ t know a conversation you overhear is just a performance.

1. The two attractive young women were talking so that they could _______.

A. get the sweater at a lower price            B. be heard by people around

C. be admired by other shoppers              D. decide on buying the sweater

2. Lorenzo Bertolla is _______.

A. a very popular male singer                         B. an advertising agency

C. a clothing company in Rome               D. the brand name of a sweater

3. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage？

A. The two girls are in fact employed by the Lorenzo Bertolla Company.

B. The MTV generation tends to be more easily influenced by ads.

C. Traditional advertising is becoming less effective because it’s too direct.

D. Undercover marketing will surely be banned soon by the government.

4. Which of the following would be the best title for the text？

A. Two Attractive Shoppers                     B. Lorenzo Bertolla Sweaters

C. Ways of Advertising                                 D. Undercover Marketing