题目列表(包括答案和解析)
Long long ago people made fires from lightning(闪电)。 But they had to keep the fire burning, for they couldn’t start it again if there was no lightning. Later, they found out hitting two piece of stone together could make a spark (火花). The spark could fire dry leaves. In this way they could make the fire again if it went out. Them people also learned to make a fire by rubbing. They made a hole on a big piece of wood and put a smaller stick into the hole. They turned the stick again and again. After a few minutes they got a fire.
As years went by, people learned other ways to make a fire. Sometimes they used the heat from sun. they held a piece of glass in the right way and made a piece of paper on fire.
About two centuries ago, people began to make matches (火柴). Matches brought people a quick and easy way to make fire. Today matches are still being used, but people have more new ways to make fires. One of them is to use an electric fire starter. Of course an electric fire starter is much more expensive than a box of matches. But it is more useful.
1.A spark can _________.
|
A．fire any leaves |
B．burn anything |
C．burn dry leaves |
D．keep fires burning |
2.We can also get a fire by _________.
|
A．making a hole on a big piece of wood |
|
B．putting a smaller stick into the hole |
|
C．turning the stick hard for a while |
|
D．doing all the above together |
3.Matches have been used _________.
|
A．for about two thousand years |
|
B．for about two hundred years |
|
C．since people began to use fire for cooking |
|
D．since people used the heat from the sun. |
4.From this passage we know _______.
|
A．using matches is the easiest and most useful way to make fires |
|
B．people don’t use matches any more since they had electric fire starters |
|
C．today there are only two ways to make fires |
|
D．some forest fires happen from lightning |
5.Choose the right order of the ways to make fires people got to know _________.
a. with a match b. from the sun c. from lightning
d. by rubbing e. with an electric fire starter.
|
A．d ,b, c, a,e |
B．d, c, b, a, e |
C．c, d, b, a, e |
D．c, b, d, a ,e |
I was driving in the car. It was raining. The car suddenly slid (滑) off of the__36__road and turned upside down. The roof of the car was damaged and my__37__was trapped in the window. I could not move it__38__the glass on my face and the pressure from the roof. I was__39__.It was still raining and I was afraid that the ditch (壕沟) I was in would__40__ with water. I was also afraid that the car would__41__as I could smell gasoline.
Then two male truck drivers came to me and tried to__42__me.They got a car jack and_43__the top of the car and released me. Then they __44__me out of the car. Two young women stepped forward and__45__to take me to the hospital. I immediately realized that I was_46__hurt.I had hurt my back and I was in a lot of__47__.At the hospital，I was Xrayed and the__48__told me that there was something serious.The__49__on my face were also done with and I was given pain__50__.
This__51__in the South in 1958，a time of segregation (种族隔离)__52__ “black” people and “white” people. As it happened，the two men and the two women who were so__53__to help me were all African Americans. Whoever they are，I__54__life has been good and kind to them as they were to me. I am always thankful to them and I will never__55__them.
【小题1】
| A．clean | B．wet | C．white | D．wide |
| A．hand | B．foot | C．head | D．body |
| A．except for | B．thanks to | C．ahead of | D．because of |
| A．tired | B．comfortable | C．scared | D．surprised |
| A．put on | B．show up | C．hold on | D．fill up |
| A．catch fire | B．set off | C．make a difference | D．break down |
| A．see | B．help | C．answer | D．encourage |
| A．lifted | B．broke | C．burnt. | D．checked |
| A．threw | B．kicked | C．pulled | D．pushed |
| A．refused | B．offered | C．wished | D．pretended |
| A．seriously | B．strangely | C．slowly | D．commonly |
| A．pity | B．sadness | C．luck | D．pain |
| A．man | B．woman | C．doctor | D．helper |
| A．cuts | B．smiles | C．signs | D．expressions |
| A．instruction | B．medicine | C．training | D．treatment |
| A．changed | B．disappeared | C．occurred | D．began |
| A．after | B．with | C．for | D．between |
| A．kind | B．worried | C．careful | D．eager |
| A．doubt | B．hope | C．think | D．imagine |
| A．fight | B．fear | C．forget | D．scold |
Dogs have an understanding of fair play and become angry if they feel that another dog is getting a better deal, a new study has found.
The study looked at how dogs react when a companion is rewarded for the same trick in an unequal way. Friederike Range, a researcher at the University of Vienna in Austria, and her colleagues did a series of experiments with dogs who knew how to respond to the command “give the paw “. The dogs were normally happy to repeatedly give the paw, whether they got a reward or not. But that changed if they saw that another dog was being rewarded with a piece of food, while they received nothing.
“We found that the dogs hesitated significantly longer when obeying the command to give the paw,” the researchers write. The unrewarded dogs eventually stopped cooperating.
Scientists have long known that humans pay close attention to inequity. But researchers always assumed that animals didn’t share the trait. “The argument was that this is a uniquely human phenomenon,” says Frans de Waal, a professor of psychology at Emory University in Atlanta.
That changed in 2003 when he and a colleague did a study on monkeys. The monkeys had to hand a small rock to researchers to get a piece of cucumber in return. They were happy to do this. But if they saw that another monkey was getting a more delicious reward, a grape, for doing the same job, they would throw away the food and rock, and at some point just stopped performing.
In that experiment, the monkeys considered the fairness of two different types of payment. But when Range and her colleagues did a similar study with their trained dogs, testing to see if dogs would become upset if they only got dark bread when other dogs received sausage, they found that as long as the dogs got some kind of food payment, even if it wasn’t the most delicious kind, the animals would play along.
【小题1】How did the dogs in Range’s study react to the order of “giving the paw”?
| A．They took the order even without being rewarded. |
| B．They took the order only when rewarded. |
| C．They turned a deaf ear to repeated orders. |
| D．They hesitated longer when given repeated orders. |
| A．originated from Range’s research on dogs. |
| B．showed that animals do pay attention to inequity. |
| C．began the argument that only humans are aware of inequity. |
| D．was conducted to find out how monkeys reacted to humans’ orders. |
| A．was given less work. |
| B．was given more food. |
| C．was given the same type of food. |
| D．was given more delicious food. |
| A．care more about whether they are rewarded. |
| B．care less about what they are rewarded with. |
| C．care more about what they are ordered to do. |
| D．care less about who gives them orders. |
| A．Animals have various ways to show their anger. |
| B．Dogs are less intelligent than monkeys. |
| C．Dogs have a sense of fairness. |
| D．Most animals want to be rewarded equally. |
Dogs have an understanding of fair play and become angry if they feel that another dog is getting a better deal, a new study has found.
The study looked at how dogs react when a companion is rewarded for the same trick in an unequal way. Friederike Range, a famous researcher, and her colleagues did a series of experiments with dogs who knew how to respond to the command “give the paw”. The dogs were normally happy to repeatedly give the paw, whether they got a reward or not.
But that changed if they saw that another dog was being rewarded with a piece of food, while they received nothing. The dogs hesitated significantly longer when obeying the command to give the paw. Eventually, the unrewarded dogs stopped cooperating.
Researchers always assumed that only humans pay close attention to unfairness. That changed in 2003 when Frans De Waal, a professor of psychology, and a colleague named Sarah Brosnan did a survey on monkeys. Monkeys had to hand a small rock to researchers to get a piece of cucumber(黄瓜) in return. However, the monkeys would suddenly become angry when receiving the piece of cucumber if they saw another monkey receive a more delicious reward, such as a grape, for doing the same job. The monkey that got the cucumber would eventually throw away the food and the rock, and would later just stop performing.
In that experiment, the monkeys considered the fairness of two different types of payment, but when Range and her colleagues did a similar study with their trained dogs, testing to see if dogs would become upset if they only got bread when other dogs received sausage, they found that dogs did not make that kind of subtle (细微的) distinction. As long as the dogs got some kind of food payment, even if it wasn’t the most delicious kind, they would play along.
【小题1】 The dogs refused to give their paws when they _____________________.
| A．were given too much reward |
| B．realized they received less food |
| C．found another dog was given nothing |
| D．felt they were being treated unequally |
| A．the dogs obeyed the command happily |
| B．the dogs waited for a reward |
| C．the dogs hesitated to give the paw |
| D．the dogs stopped cooperating |
| A．they were being given the same type of food |
| B．another monkey did much less work |
| C．another monkey was offered tastier food |
| D．other monkeys threw food and rocks |
| A．enjoy playing interesting games with humans |
| B．prefer to do the same jobs as humans |
| C．pay little attention to the type of reward received |
| D．aren’t sensitive to the stimulation (刺激) of food |
Here's one very simple yet potentially lifechanging advice I first heard from Brian Tracy. 1 Instead use that hour to read books that could improve your life.
If you're in sales, Google or browse Amazon for what other people think are the best and most useful books on improving your sales.
2 . Maybe you want to improve your health, become a more energetic person with a better looking body. Or maybe you want to improve your productivity, your relations or perhaps do some general personal development.
One hour a day is not much. But if you read for one hour a day on weekdays, that's about 260 hours a year. 3 If applied everyone knows what great things and feelings could come into your life this year.
Also, all that cool information and useful advice will start to open up your mind. You will start to see more possibilities in your everyday life.
4
1. I really don't have the money...
Answer: Visit your local library or search their database if they got a website. Or look for used copies in places like amazon.com or some more local alternative if you're outside of the US.
2. Yeah, ok, but I really don't have the time...
Answer: Buy the books as audio books and listen to them in the car while driving to and from work. Or transfer them to your mp3-player and listen while riding your bike/bus to work or school. Recently selling audio books directly through mp3-downloads have become popular. It's probably something we will see more and more as people and companies discover this easy (and if the technology works) smooth way of shopping.
So start browsing for recommendations on books or ask your friends and colleagues.
5
| A． Now, you might think something like this: |
| B． This of course applies to all fields, not just the work related ones. |
| C． All these possibilities in your everyday life will help solve the following problems: |
| D． And shut of the TV a little earlier and start reading this week. |
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