(六)短语动词

　注：如果条件从句谓语动词包含有were或had, should, could有时可将if省去, 但要倒装。如： 　Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party. 　2、 虚拟语气在各种从句的应用 　(1) 在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、惋惜、理应如此等，其谓语形式是"should(可省) +动词原形"，常用于以下三种句型中。 　句型一：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that… 　句型二：It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that… 　句型三：It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that… 　如： It is strange that he (should) have done that. 　　It is a pity that he (should) be so careless. 　　It is requested that we (should) be so careless. 　(2) 在宾语从句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等动词后的宾语从句中，表间接的命令和建议。其谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如： I suggest that we (should) go swimming. 　(3) 在表语从句中，表示间接的命令，要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。从句谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如： His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once. 　(4) 在同位语从句中，谓语形式是"(should)+动词原形"。如： We received order that the work be done at once. 　(5) 在It is time that…句型中，其谓语动词形式是"动词的过去式"或 　"should +动词原形",should不可省。如：It's time (that) we went ( should go) to school.

　例1 I learned that her father ____ in 1950. 　A had died B died C dead D is dead 　解析：该题正确答案为B。从句中的谓语动词动作虽然发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但因从句中有明确的过去时间状语in 1950, 所以不用过去完成时态，而用一般过去时态。

　例2 The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents. 　A is looked B has looked for 　C is being looked for D has been looked

　解析：该题正确答案为C。在带有介词的动词短语用于被动语态句中，介词不能省，否则就变成了不及物动词短语，而不能用于被动语态的句子中。

(五)动词虚拟语气

英语语法知识难点(二)

(四)动词时态、语态

　(6) however 然而，可是 　Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go. 　(7) neither…nor 既不…也不 　Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you. 　(8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且… 　He not only sings well, but also dances well. 　(9) or 或者，否则 　Hurry up, or you'll be late. 　Are you a worker or a doctor? 　(10) so 因此，所以 　It's getting late, so I must go. 　(11) although 虽然 　Although it was late, they went on working. 　(12) as soon as 一 …就 　I'll tell him as soon as I see him. 　(13) because 因为 　He didn't go to school, because he was ill. 　(14)unless 除非，如果不 　I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow. 　(15)until 直到… 　He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构) 　He stayed there until eleven. 　(16)while 当…时候，而 (表示对比) 　While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词) 　My pen is red while his is blue. 　(17)for 因为 　He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的) 　(18)since自从… 　I have lived here since my uncle left. 　(19)hardly… when 一… 就 　I had hardly got to the station when the train left. 　(20)as far as 就… 来说 　As far as I know, that country is very small. 　You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)

　例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____ 　A high enough 　B tall enough 　C enough high 　C enough tall 　解析：该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。 　例2 ____ the worse I seem to be. 　A When I take more medicine 　B The more medicine I take 　C Taking more of the medicine 　D More medicine taken 　解析：该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…，越…。该句意为：吃的药越多，我的病越是加重。 　例3"I haven't been to London yet". 　"I haven't been there ____". 　A too 　B also 　C either 　D neither 　解析：该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不"，而C-either则用于否定句中，意为"也"。 　例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news. 　A deep 　B deeply 　C very deep 　D quite deeply 　解析：该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时，修饰具体的深，如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词，如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词，不能互相修饰。

(二) 介词

40．C．注意 cross 意思与across相近，都是“横越、穿过”，但cross是动词，不能与go连用。选B也不行，因为不能说 go in the bridge。 along是“沿着”之意，可以说 along the street， along the river，而不能说along the bridge.　

39．B．这两个词都可做“是否”讲，引导宾语从句。但在“whether or not…”结构中，一般用whether，用不用 if。

38．A．have to意为“必须、不得不”，强调客观需要； must意为“必须、应该”，强调主观愿望。