题目列表(包括答案和解析)
1、(2008吉林)This is the question___we are talking about now.
A.that B.who C.where D.when
2、 当先行词虽然表示时间、地点或原因,但关系词在从句中作主语、宾语而不是状语时,不可用when,where或why,而应用that或which.如:
Hangzhou is a city __ where ____ there is a beautiful lake.
(作状语)
Hangzhou is a city __ that/which ____ has a beautiful lake.
(作主语)
I’ll never forget the day__when____I first came to Beijing.
(作状语)
I’ll never forget the day___that/which__________we spent together.
(作及物动词spend的宾语)
[真题导航]:
1、 关系副词在定语从句中作状语,when用在表示时间的名词后,where用在表示地点的名词后,why用在表示原因的名词后。when,where,why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构,因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用。如:
I still remember the day when/on which I first met him.
我依然记得我第一次遇到他的那一天。
Beijing is the place where/in which I was born.
这就是他今早迟到的理由吗?
3、 whose在定语从句中,只用作定语,有时它还可以同of which互换。如:
please pass me the book whose/of which cover is green.
请递给我那本绿皮的书。
2、 先行词指物时,定语从句由which,that引导,在从句可以作主语或宾语。如:
The movie that/which I saw yesterday is very interesting.
昨天我看的那部电影很有趣。
The doll that/which can sing cost 120 yuan.
那个会唱歌的洋娃娃值120元。
定词从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句总是跟在它所修饰的先行词之后,由关系代词或关系副词引导。关系代词或关系副 词在定语从句中一定要作从句中的一个成分。关系代词起名词或代词的作用,关系副词起副词或介词短语的作用。
关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。作宾语时,可以省略关系代词。
1、 先行词指人时,定语从句由who,whom,that引导,在从句中who,that可以作主语或宾语,whom只作宾语。如:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的那个人吗?
The man whom my father is talking to is Mr.Wang.
那个正和我爸爸谈话的人是王先生。
3、 表示 人时,当先行词为everybody,anybody,everyone,anyone等时要用who,而不用that.如:
Is there anyone who can answer this question?
有人会回答这个问题吗?
2、 只用which引导的定语从句:
(1) 当关系代词前使用介词时,只能用which,不能用that.如:
This is the train by which we went to Beijing.
这就是我们乘坐去北京的那班列车。
(2) 在非限制性定语从句(即通常用逗号与主句隔开,若去掉从句,整个句子仍能表达完整意义的定语从句)中。如:
Football,which is a very interesting game,is played all over the world.足球,一项非常有趣的运动,全世界的人都在踢。
关系代词that,which可以指物,that和who可以指人,其用法有如下区别:
1、 只可用that引导的定语从句
(1)当先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。如:
We should do everything that is useful to the people.
我们应该做一切对人民有用的事。
(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。如:
You can take any seat that in free.你可以坐任何一个空位。
(3)先行词被the only,the very,the right等修饰。如:
He is the very man that I’m looking for.他正是我正在找的那个人。
(1) 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:
This is the best novel that I have read.这是我所看过的最好的小说。
(2) 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:
This is your second time that you told us the story.这是你第二次给我们讲这个故事了。
(3) 当先行词同时含有人和物时。如:
We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.
我们谈论我们所感兴趣的人和事。
30.改which为that,这是同位语从句,不是定语
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