Nowadays, we have tons of high-tech gadgets to help us keep connected to our friends and family. Many of us have cellphones to ___16__ calls and write text messages; the Internet to chat with friends and __17__ e-mails. But being in touch with your friends and family also means __18__ in touch with some strangers. We often get spam(网上垃圾邮件) in our inbox, calls from strangers, and messages from __19__ people. So what should we __20__ with all of these?
__21__ you might want to answer the call from an unknown number, or respond to the message from someone you don’t know, try __22__. You are not sure __23__ they are contacting you, and it could be ill-spirited. It is __24__ not to respond to calls or messages from numbers that you are not familiar __25__. The same rule applies to (应用于) e-mails. There are many people who create viruses that __26__ harm your computer, and these viruses are disguised(假装) as e-mails. __27__ opening these e-mails, you are risking getting a virus __28__ could destroy your computer.
In other words, all the new technology is great for keeping in touch, but also comes with some bad things. __29__ yourself out of trouble, it is best to __30__ from messages and calls that you don’t know.

【小题3】

A．to be B．being C．be D．are

The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.

Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.

Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.

As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals—many of which were built in the nineteenth century — provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.

During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.

1. We can know from the first paragraph that ______________.

A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody

B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up

C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948

D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers

2. What do we know about the NHS?

A. It’s managed by the central government.

B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions.

C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.

D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.

3. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ____________.

A. take care of the local people’s health

B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best

C. work under high pressure nowadays          

D. have more responsibilities than before

4. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean?

A. suffering                         B. different             C. prevented                      D. free

5. The biggest problem for the NHS is ______________.

A. many hospitals are too old to be used        

B. some services are in the charge of individuals

C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment

D. there is not enough money for further reform

Brand is often regarded as the creation of western advertisement industry. However, the earliest “brand” could be traced back to the early civilization in China and Egypt. Earthenware(陶器)made in China thousands of years ago had signs or symbols of pottery makers, and domestic animals branded with marks could also be seen on wall paintings of ancient Egypt. These might be the first “brand” in history.

Time passes and the situation has changed. Nowadays Americans have “Cadillac”, Japanese have “Toyota”, Cermans have “Mercedes-Benz”, and they are all proud of the big brands they own. Chinese national brands are pale in comparison to their global counterparts. It is a reality which we cannot deny and have to face. With the globalization of brands and the internationalization of global competition, foreign brands are making constant efforts in attacking the Chinese market. Under the circumstances, the question that we must ask is：How can Chinese brands be ready for the challenge posed by foreign brands?

Many Chinese enterprises are single-minded in getting the attention of the international market and going into metropolises(大城市). Successful though they seem, they act ill-advisedly. We should be aware that it is the home market, especially the rural market with a population of 900 million people that provides the real development opportunity for Chinese national brands. That is why many powerful foreign brands are trying, with every possible means, to develop the Chinese rural market.

Quality is the life of a brand and consumers always choose products with first-class quality. The quality of Chinese products is very unstable so that it seriously affects the establishment of Chinese brands. Therefore, for those national brands determined to challenge foreign brands, the top task is to improve product quality. It must be clearly understood that, for a consumer who has bought a product, defects in 1% of your products mean 100% loss. Only if we create products with quality better than that of foreign brands can national brands be successful in competition.

What is the question that we have to ask in face of foreign brands?

A．How to run a company in foreign countries.

B．How to stay in harmony with the foreign brands.

C．How to catch up with the foreign company in service and price.

D．How to compete against the foreign brands.

Which of the following would the author agree with?

A．Quality is the most important element for a brand.

B．China’s international market is fully feveloped.

C．China’s products are matchless in the international market.

D．China’s goods are always of bad quality.

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Metropolitan areas are what many Chinese enterprises focus on.

B．Pottery made in ancient China had signs or symbols of the makers.

C．The top target of foreign enterprises in China has been the rural market.

D．Chinese enterprises should try to get into the home market.

What can be concluded from the passage?

A．There’s no need for foreign brands to make constant efforts to compete with Chinese brands.

B．Ancient Chinese and Egyptians knew how to mark or symbolize their works.

C．Chinese enterprises can hardly build big brands people trust due to quality problems.

D．Chinese brands can only be successful in domestic market.

Nowadays children have easy _______ access to computers, so most of them spend lots of time playing computer games after _______ class.

A．an; the           B．/; the             C．an; /             D．/; /

The area of child psychology is one of the most significant and well studied of all the branches of psychology. It aims to help with achieving a greater understanding of the behavior of children through an understanding of their minds. It deals with children who range from the prenatal(出生前的)stage right up to the stage of adolescence.
The psychologist Jean Piaget (1896-1980) has been credited with making a major breakthrough in this area when he put forward his idea that children were not actually less intelligent than adults, rather they just thought in a different way. Preciously the development of children right from birth through to adulthood was an area that was almost completely neglected. In fact very little work was done in this area. However, interest in this field has now developed to the point of being one of the most debated of all the areas of psychology.
Despite popular belief that factors such as genetics or personal characteristics are the only determining factors that influence a youth’s behavior, this is not in fact the case. In reality, development actually includes many more factors than those contained within an individual. Factors such as environment, which can include social relationships and the surrounding culture, also play important roles. Relationships with both peers and adults will no doubt affect how children think and learn, and therefore develop. These relationships can include those that are found not only within families but also in schools and peer groups.
Culturally speaking, this factor will contribute greatly to how children develop their personality concerning the values they end up holding (perhaps for a lifetime) as well as how they view such things as traditions and customs.
Nowadays, psychologists have agreed that a child’s psychology is both unique and highly complex. However, there are debates on many different points in this field and many viewpoints exist.
【小题1】The word “neglected” underlined in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “______”.