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[1]Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of correct answers. That question is “What's your name？”. Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct. Have you ever wondered about people's names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?

[2]People's first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents ___________________. A boy could be named George Washington Smith；a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.

[3]Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”； Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”；Donald means “world ruler”； Leonard means “as brave as a lion”．

[4]The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook (小溪); someone who was called Longstreet probably Lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.

[5]Other early surnames came from people's occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important  workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are：Carter—a person who owned or drove a cart；Potter—a person who made pots and pans. The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbours in their native village. The Carpenter's great­great­great­grandfather probably built houses and furniture.

[6]Sometimes_people_were_known_for_the_colour_of_their_hair_or_skin，or_their_size，or_their_special_abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.

[7]Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name. English­speaking people added ­s or ­son. The Johnsons are descendants of John;  the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert. Irish and  Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of  the MacDonnells and the McDonneils and the O'Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.

1.What is the best title of the passage? (no more than10 words)

_______________________________________________________

2.Please fill in the blank in the 2nd paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(no more than 10 words)

_______________________________________________________

3.According to the passage, what job did the ancestors of the Potter family most probably do?

_______________________________________________________

4.List three aspects that the surnames cover in the passage.

(1)___________　(2)___________　(3)___________

5.Translate the underlined sentence in the 6th paragraph into Chinese.

_______________________________________________________

About 1966 or so, a NASA(美国航空航天局) team doing work for the Apollo moon mission took the astronauts near Tuba City. There the landscape of the Navajo Reservation looks very much like the lunar surface. Among all the trucks and large vehicles were two large figures that were dressed in full lunar space suits.

Nearby a Navajo shepherd (牧羊人) and his son were watching the strange creatures walk about, occasionally being watched over by other NASA workers. The two Navajo people were noticed and ap??proached by the NASA people. Since the shepherd and his son did not know English, they asked the NASA people who the strange creatures were. The NASA people told them that they were just men that were getting ready to go to the moon. The shepherd became very excited and asked if he could send a message to the moon with the astronauts.

The NASA officials thought this was a great idea so they provided a tape recorder. After the man gave them his message, they asked his son to translate. His son would not.

Later, they tried a few more people on the reservation to translate and every person they asked would chuckle (偷偷地笑) and then refuse to translate. Finally, with cash in hand someone translated the message, "Watch out for these guys, they have come to take your land! "

9. The appearance of the Navajo Reservation is very similar to that of ________.

A. the Tuba City

 B. the moon

C. the NASA research center

 D. the Apollo moon mission

10. When the older Navajo heard that the men in front of him were going to the moon, he ______.

A. felt frightened and ran away quickly

B. chatted excitedly with the NASA workers

C. got on the modern trucks and large vehicles for fun

D. tried to say something to the moon creatures

11. The son did not translate the words his father said because ________.

A. he had trouble in understanding his father

B. the words his father used were too difficult to be translated

C. his father was sending a warning against the NASA people

D. he believed that the NASA workers could understand their language

12. According to this passage, we can know that the shepherd was ________.

A. patient and brave       B. foolish and impolite

C. humorous and intelligent   D. knowledgeable and talkative

We all know that everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older, but men’s minds decline more than women’s, according to the results of a worldwide survey.

General differences seem to be natural in male and female brains: Men are better at maintaining and dealing with mental images (useful in mathematical reasoning and spatial skills), while women tend to excel be good at recalling information from their brain’s files. Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental decline people experience as they age, but the results have been mixed.

Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women, while others saw the opposite or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline.

Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people, and women live longer than men: The men tested are the survivors, “so they’re the ones that may not have shown such cognitive(认知的) decline,” said study team leader Elizabeth of the University of Warwick in England.

Scientists surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills: matching an object to its rotated form, matching lines shown from the same angle, typing as many words in a particular category as possible in the given time, e.g. “object usually colored gray”, and recalling the location of objects in a line drawing. The first two were tasks at which men are usually good; the latter are typically dominated by women. Within each age group studied, men and women performed better in their separate categories on average. And though performance declined with age for both genders, women showed obviously less decline than men overall.

1.According to the passage, which of the following can NOT be typed into the same category?

A．cloud            B．sheep            C．trees             D．goose

2.Which of the following statements is true according the article? _______

A．Men do better than women when it comes to learning English.

B．Women stand out at remembering people’s names.

C．Women do well in dealing mathematic problems.

D．Men excel at typing as many words as possible in the given time.

3.One important factor that affects the correctness of the results is that ________.

A．women live longer than men

B．people surveyed are all old

C．the old men tested may not have shown such cognitive decline

D．people taking part in this test came from all over the world

4.The author aims to tell us that _________.

A．women’s minds perform better than men’s

B．men’s minds decline more with age

C．everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older

D．a survey on human’s mind decline was done recently

Although women lead healthier, longer lives, the cruel perception that they reach their sell-by date and become “old” sooner than men is widespread in the workplace, research shows.

A survey of more than 2,600 managers and personnel professionals showed that age discrimination is not only common in the workplace, but is full of inconsistencies(矛盾). Six in ten managers thought that they had suffered from age discrimination——usually because they were turned down for a job for being too old or too young. Yet more than a fifth admitted that they used age as a condition when they employ new workers.

Although the survey found widespread agreement that older workers were better than younger colleagues when it came to reliability, commitment, loyalty and customer service, these qualities were not necessarily considered to be worthy of advancement. More than half of respondents believed that workers between 30 and 39 were the most likely to be advanced in their company, with only 2 per cent citing (引证)50-year-olds or above.

Dianah Worman of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development said that there was anecdotal evidence that people were considered old at different ages in different sectors. “We heard of one man working in IT who said he was considered too old by the age of 28,”she said.“There was no evidence to suggest that older workers were less valuable to companies than younger workers, in fact the opposite was often true because older workers often brought experience.” she added.

The findings also suggested that the Government’s ideas on age in the workforce may also be out of step with reality.

1. The text is mainly about ______.

A. the government’s idea on age in workforce 

B. age discrimination in the workforce

C. the people who find work            

D. the discussion about who is worth promoting

2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

A. Women get older than men though they are healthier.              

B. Sixty percent of the managers were refused because they were too older.

C. Young workers are more valuable to companies than the older ones.

D. The people in their thirties are easier to be promoted than those in their fifties.

3. The underlined word “sell-by date” in paragraph 1 probably refers to______.

A. the age when they retire   

B. the age when they should be promoted

C. the date on which they’re sold  

D. the date when they sell goods

Everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older, but men's minds decline more than women's, according to the results of a worldwide survey.

    Certain differences seem to be inherent in male and female brains: Men are better at maintaining and dealing with mental images (useful in mathematical reasoning<推论；说服> and spatial <空间的>skills), while women tend to excel (擅长) at recalling information from their brain's files (helpful with language skills and remembering the locations of objects).

    Many studies have looked for a connection between sex and the amount of mental decline (衰退) people experience as they age, but the results have been mixed.

    Some studies found more age-related decline in men than in women, while others saw the opposite or even no relationship at all between sex and mental decline. Those results could be improper because the studies involved older people, and women live longer than men: The men tested are the survivors, "so they're the ones that may not have shown such cognitive（认知的；认识的） decline," said study team leader Elizabeth of the University of Warwick in England.

    People surveyed completed four tasks that tested sex-related cognitive skills: matching an object to its rotated（旋转的） form, matching lines shown from the same angle, typing as many words in a particular category (范畴) as possible in the given time, e.g.  "object usually colored gray", and recalling the location of objects in a line drawing. The first two were tasks at which men usually excel; the latter are typically dominated(占有主导地位的) by women.

    Within each age group studied, men and women performed better in their separate categories on average. And though performance declined with age for both genders（性别）, women showed obviously less decline than men overall（全部地）.

The underlined word in the second paragraph means_________.

   A. natural     B. great C. obvious D. absolute

According to the passage, which of the following can Not be typed into the same category?

   A. cloud   B. sheep C. trees D. goose

Which of the following statements is true according the article?

   A. Men do better than women when it comes to learning English.

   B. Women stand out at remembering people’s names.

   C. Men excel at typing as many words in a particular category as possible in the given time.

   D. Women excel at dealing mathematic problems.

One important factor that affects the correctness of the results is that _________.

   A. the old men tested may not have shown such cognitive decline

   B. people surveyed are all old

   C. people taking part in this test came from all over the world   D. women live longer than men

The author aims to tell us that __________.

   A. women’s minds perform better than men’s

   B. men’s minds decline more with age

   C. everyone becomes a little more forgetful as they get older

D. a survey on human’s mind decline was done recently