Elderly people respond (反应) best to a calm and unhurried environment. This is not always easy to 36 as their behavior can sometimes be irritating (令人恼怒的). If they get 37 or upset, then they may become more confused（糊涂的） and more difficult to look after. 38 sometimes it can be extremely difficult, it is best to be 39 and not to get upset yourself. You should always 40 old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to 41 a helping hand when necessary.

Failing memory makes it 42 for the elderly to recall all the basic kinds of information we 43 for granted. The obvious way to help in this 44 is to supply the information that is missing and help them make 45 of what is going on. You must use every opportunity to provide information, 46 remember to keep it simple and easy to understand.

When the elderly person makes 47 statements e.g. about going out to his or her old 48 or visiting a dead relative, 49 in a calm matter-of-fact fashion: "You are retired now. Will you come and help me with the dishes?"

We depend 50 on the information provided by signposts, clocks, calendars and newspapers. These assist us to 51 and direct our behavior. Confused old people need these 52 all the time to compensate(弥补) for their memory.

Encourage them to use 53 boards or diaries for important 54 events and label(标注) the contents of different cupboards and drawers. Many other aids such as information cards, 55 photos, notes, addresses or shopping lists could help in individual case.

36. A. provide B. protect C. discover D. examine

37. A. happy B. easy C. excited D. comfortable

38. A. As a result B. Even though C. For D. Although

39. A. patient B. protective C. ready D. helpful

40. A. tell B. encourage C. warn D. permit

41. A. carry B. make C. lend D. offer

42. A. necessary B. difficult C. terrible D. impossible

43. A. make B. give C. think D. take

44. A. condition B. situation C. action D. position

45. A. sense B. use C. light D. fun

46. A. and B. or C. however D. but

47. A. obvious B. strange C. confused D. fixed

48. A. factory B. hospital C. school D. employment

49. A. correct B. repeat C. check D. care

50. A. hardly B. heavily C. totally D. simply

51. A. collect B. form C. keep D. organize

52. A. information B. advice C. aids D. materials

53. A. reminder B. flat C. recovery D. wood

54. A. improving B. coming C. moving D. exciting

55. A. beautiful B. unforgettable C. nice D. old

Decisions, decisions! Our lives are full of them, from the small ones to the life-changing. The right to choose is central to everyone. Yet sometimes we make bad decisions that leave us unhappy or full of regret. Can science help?
Most of us know little about the mental processes that lie behind our decisions. Luckily, what psychologists are finding may help us all make better choices. Here are some of their amazing discoveries to help you make up your mind.
Consider your emotions. You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision-making, but in fact they are a part of it. Whenever you make up your mind, your brain’s emotional centre is active. University of Southern California scientist, Antonio Damasia, has studied people with damage to only the emotional parts of their brains, and found that they were unable to make basic choices about what to wear or eat. Damasia thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choice, which we use to help the present decision-making.
However, making choices under the influence of an emotion can greatly affect the result. Take anger for example. A study by Nitika Garg of the University of Mississippi and other scientists found the angry shoppers were more likely to choose the first thing they were offered rather than considering other choices. It seems that anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking.
All emotions affect our thinking and motivation，so it may be best to avoid making important decisions under their influence. Yet strangely there is one emotion that seems to help us make good choices. The American researchers found that sad people took time to consider the various choices on offer, and ended up making the best choices. In fact many studies show that people who feel unhappy have the most reasonable view of the world.
【小题1】What does the underlined word “central” mean?

A．in the middle

B．easy to reach

C．important

D．having power

【小题2】Damasia’s study suggests that ________.

A．emotions are the enemy of decision-making.

B．our brain has nothing to do with decision-making.

C．people with physical damage find it hard to make up their minds.

D．our emotional memories of past choices can affect present decisions.

【小题3】 According to the text, what may help us make better decisions?

A．To think about happy times.	B．To make many decisions at a time.
C．To stop feeling regretful about the past.	D．To learn about the process of decision-making.

【小题4】 Why are angry shoppers more likely to choose the first thing they are offered?

A．They often forget their past choices.	B．They make decisions without much thinking.
C．They tend to save time when shopping.	D．They are too angry to bargain.

【小题5】What do we learn from the text?

A．Emotions are a part of decision-making.

B．Sad people always make worse choices.

C．No emotion seems to help us make good choices.

D．Only sad feelings affect our thinking and motivation.

Decisions, decisions! Our lives are full of them, from the small ones to the life-changing. The right to choose is central to everyone. Yet sometimes we make bad decisions that leave us unhappy or full of regret. Can science help?

Most of us know little about the mental processes that lie behind our decisions. Luckily, what psychologists are finding may help us all make better choices. Here are some of their amazing discoveries to help you make up your mind.

Consider your emotions. You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision-making, but in fact they are a part of it. Whenever you make up your mind, your brain’s emotional centre is active. University of Southern California scientist, Antonio Damasia, has studied people with damage to only the emotional parts of their brains, and found that they were unable to make basic choices about what to wear or eat. Damasia thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choice, which we use to help the present decision-making.

However, making choices under the influence of an emotion can greatly affect the result. Take anger for example. A study by Nitika Garg of the University of Mississippi and other scientists found the angry shoppers were more likely to choose the first thing they were offered rather than considering other choices. It seems that anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking.

All emotions affect our thinking and motivation，so it may be best to avoid making important decisions under their influence. Yet strangely there is one emotion that seems to help us make good choices. The American researchers found that sad people took time to consider the various choices on offer, and ended up making the best choices. In fact many studies show that people who feel unhappy have the most reasonable view of the world.

1.What does the underlined word “central” mean?

A．in the middle       B．easy to reach       C．important         D．having power

2.Damasia’s study suggests that ________.

A．emotions are the enemy of decision-making.

B．our brain has nothing to do with decision-making.

C．people with physical damage find it hard to make up their minds.

D．our emotional memories of past choices can affect present decisions.

3. According to the text, what may help us make better decisions?

A．To think about happy times.                B．To make many decisions at a time.

C．To stop feeling regretful about the past.       D．To learn about the process of decision-making.

4. Why are angry shoppers more likely to choose the first thing they are offered?

A．They often forget their past choices.         B．They make decisions without much thinking.

C．They tend to save time when shopping.       D．They are too angry to bargain.

5.What do we learn from the text?

A．Emotions are a part of decision-making.

B．Sad people always make worse choices.

C．No emotion seems to help us make good choices.

D．Only sad feelings affect our thinking and motivation.

 

Decisions, decisions! Our lives are full of them, from the small ones to the life-changing. The right to choose is central to everyone. Yet sometimes we make bad decisions that leave us unhappy or full of regret. Can science help?

Most of us know little about the mental processes that lie behind our decisions. Luckily, what psychologists are finding may help us all make better choices. Here are some of their amazing discoveries to help you make up your mind.

Consider your emotions. You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision-making, but in fact they are a part of it. Whenever you make up your mind, your brain’s emotional centre is active. University of Southern California scientist, Antonio Damasia, has studied people with damage to only the emotional parts of their brains, and found that they were unable to make basic choices about what to wear or eat. Damasia thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choice, which we use to help the present decision-making.

However, making choices under the influence of an emotion can greatly affect the result. Take anger for example. A study by Nitika Garg of the University of Mississippi and other scientists found the angry shoppers were more likely to choose the first thing they were offered rather than considering other choices. It seems that anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking.

All emotions affect our thinking and motivation，so it may be best to avoid making important decisions under their influence. Yet strangely there is one emotion that seems to help us make good choices. The American researchers found that sad people took time to consider the various choices on offer, and ended up making the best choices. In fact many studies show that people who feel unhappy have the most reasonable view of the world.

1. What does the underlined word “central” mean?

A. in the middle    B. easy to reach           C. important       D. having power

2. Damasia’s study suggests that ________.

A. emotions are the enemy of decision-making.

B. our brain has nothing to do with decision-making.

C. people with physical damage find it hard to make up their minds.

D. our emotional memories of past choices can affect present decisions.

3. According to the text, what may help us make better decisions?

A. To think about happy times.                  

B. To make many decisions at a time.

C. To stop feeling regretful about the past.

D. To learn about the process of decision-making.

4. Why are angry shoppers more likely to choose the first thing they are offered?

A. They often forget their past choices.          B. They make decisions without much thinking.

C. They tend to save time when shopping.  D. They are too angry to bargain.

5. What do we learn from the text?

A. Emotions are a part of decision-making.

B. Sad people always make worse choices.

C. No emotion seems to help us make good choices.

D. Only sad feelings affect our thinking and motivation.