阅读《论语》中的文字，回答以下问题。（7分）
甲
子曰：“中庸之为德也，其至矣乎！民鲜久矣。” ?     
子贡问：“师与商也孰贤？”子曰：“师也过，商也不及。”曰：“然则师愈与？”子曰：“过犹不及。”
子贡问曰：“乡人皆好之，何如？”子曰：“未可也。”“乡人皆恶之，何如？”子曰：“未可也。不如乡人之善者好之，其不善者恶之。” ? 
乙
《论语》的精髓为后人学习、借鉴，被誉为修身治国平天下的良策。对于执政者而言，应该对天下人一视同仁，而不应以是非善恶定天下，只要执政者正确地引导，天下人就会去恶向善，所以天下人不必拘泥于明确的是非善恶观念。
【小题1】（1）用文中一个词概括孔子中庸之道的内涵。（1分）
（2）结合子贡和孔子的对话背景，简要分析孔子中庸思想的精神实质。（3分）
【小题2】上面这段文字对儒家“是非善恶”观的理解是否正确，请简要说明理由。（3分）

搜集读书故事，交流读书方法，探讨读书内容，这是某校新近成立的读书小组的活动安排。作为小组成员的你，请参与下列活动。
⑴活动中，同学们搜集了不少读书故事，下面列举了其中四则，它们分别说的是谁？请将相应的序号填在括号里。（4分）
①他好读书而不求甚解；每有会意，便欣然忘食。（   ）
②他勤学却无钱买烛，只得在墙上凿洞，借邻人的烛光读书。（   ）
③他很小就擅长书法，十二岁时见到父亲有本《笔说》藏在枕头中，就迫不及待地读了起来。（  ）
④他少年时就痴迷读书，曾经在梦中看到所用之笔开了花，后来果然“斗酒诗百篇”，被誉为“诗仙”。（  ）
A.匡衡  B.陶渊明  C.李白  D.王羲之
⑵活动中，同学们对应该读什么书各抒己见，形成了下列三种观点。你更认同哪一种？请以一本相应的书为例，结合所认同的观点，简要说明你的观点。（50字以内）（3分）
A.读经典的书，就发现了世界的入口。
B.读流行的书，就走在了时代的前列。
C.读实用的书，就架设了生活的桥梁。

钢琴家朗朗是世界古典音乐新一代领军人物，被誉为“当今世界最年轻的钢琴大师”.

Lang Lang, called “Chinese Mozart”, one of the best-known Chinese pianists in the world, was born in Shenyang in 1982. He began to take piano lessons at the age of three. He played the piano at least 20 hours a week at that time. At the age of five, he won the Shenyang Piano Competition. Four years later, his father took him to Beijing to study at the Beijing Central Music Conservatory(中央音乐学院). When he was 11, he won the first prize at the Fourth International Young Pianists Competition in Germany. In 1996, he went to the United States to study music. Soon he became famous all over the US, and then around the world.

The road to success has never been easy. Lang Lang’s father even stopped his job in his police office. For over ten years, he followed Lang Lang everywhere he went, not only as a father, but also as a manager, tutor and friend, while his mother stayed in Shenyang to make money. In spite of(尽管) giving on average over 150 performances around the world every year now, he still finds time to practice and learn new works. Lang Lang considers himself lucky and believes he should give something back. He has helped the children in poor areas a lot.

1.How old was Lang Lang when he went to Beijing to study?

A．He was three.      B．He was five.        C．He was nine.       D．He was eleven.

2.Why did Lang Lang’s father take him to Beijing?

A．They went on vacation to Beijing.

B．Their family needed money at that time.

C．Lang Lang wanted to take part in the Piano Competition.

D．Lang Lang went there to study at a famous music conservatory.

3.Where was the fourth International Youth Piano Competition held?

A．In Germany.        B．In the United States.  C．In Japan           D．In China.

4.Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A．Lang Lang went to the United States to study music at the age of 14.

B．Lang Lang’s father had to stay in Shenyang to make money.

C．Lang Lang’s parents have done a lot for him to be a famous pianist.

D．Lang Lang is called “Chinese Mozart” because he plays the piano very well.

5. What can we learn from this passage?

A．It’s not very difficult to be a pianist.

B．A pianist is always popular in the world.

C．You have to practice and learn much to be successful.

D．Pianists never hate playing the piano because it’s interesting.

 

钢琴家朗朗是世界古典音乐新一代领军人物，被誉为“当今世界最年轻的钢琴大师”.
Lang Lang, called “Chinese Mozart”, one of the best-known Chinese pianists in the world, was born in Shenyang in 1982. He began to take piano lessons at the age of three. He played the piano at least 20 hours a week at that time. At the age of five, he won the Shenyang Piano Competition. Four years later, his father took him to Beijing to study at the Beijing Central Music Conservatory(中央音乐学院). When he was 11, he won the first prize at the Fourth International Young Pianists Competition in Germany. In 1996, he went to the United States to study music. Soon he became famous all over the US, and then around the world.
The road to success has never been easy. Lang Lang’s father even stopped his job in his police office. For over ten years, he followed Lang Lang everywhere he went, not only as a father, but also as a manager, tutor and friend, while his mother stayed in Shenyang to make money. In spite of(尽管) giving on average over 150 performances around the world every year now, he still finds time to practice and learn new works. Lang Lang considers himself lucky and believes he should give something back. He has helped the children in poor areas a lot.
【小题1】How old was Lang Lang when he went to Beijing to study?

A．He was three.

B．He was five.

C．He was nine.

D．He was eleven.

【小题2】Why did Lang Lang’s father take him to Beijing?

A．They went on vacation to Beijing.

B．Their family needed money at that time.

C．Lang Lang wanted to take part in the Piano Competition.

D．Lang Lang went there to study at a famous music conservatory.

【小题3】Where was the fourth International Youth Piano Competition held?

A．In Germany.

B．In the United States.

C．In Japan

D．In China.

【小题4】Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A．Lang Lang went to the United States to study music at the age of 14.

B．Lang Lang’s father had to stay in Shenyang to make money.

C．Lang Lang’s parents have done a lot for him to be a famous pianist.

D．Lang Lang is called “Chinese Mozart” because he plays the piano very well.

【小题5】 What can we learn from this passage?

A．It’s not very difficult to be a pianist.

B．A pianist is always popular in the world.

C．You have to practice and learn much to be successful.

D．Pianists never hate playing the piano because it’s interesting.

下列有关文学常识的表述，错误的一项是

A．曹操，三国时期著名的政治家、军事家、文学家，他是“建安文学”的开创者之一，《观沧海》、《龟虽寿》是他的代表作。

B．法国的大仲马和小仲马是一对父子作家，他们的代表作分别是《基度山伯爵》和《茶花女》。

C．法国的莫泊桑、俄国的契诃夫和美国的欧·亨利被誉为“世界三大短篇小说之王”。

D．夏衍，现代剧作家，原名沈端先，有报告文学《包身工》和剧本《上海屋檐下》、《北京人》等，建国后，他将《祝福》、《林家铺子》改编为电影剧本。