Louis Pasteur was born in 1822 in a little town in France. As he grew up, he loved to paint. He loved to look at the world around him. When he went to college in Paris, he showed interest in looking through a microscope. A microscope makes things look a lot bigger; it lets you see things you can’t see just with your eyes. Looking through a microscope, Pasteur found a living world in a drop of water. He saw and drew pictures of the small living things －he called them “microbes” or “germs”－that crowded in a drop of water.

    One day a winemaker came into the lab, hoping that someone could help him with his problem. “Sometimes my wine tastes delicious, but sometimes it turns sour（酸的）,” he said to Pasteur. “Can you help me find out why?”

    Pasteur put some drops of the wine under the microscope. He noticed that the sour wine had some unusual germs. If he killed these germs, maybe he could keep the wine from turning sour. He experimented （试验）with different ways to kill the germs. In the end he found heating （加热）the wine seemed to work best. The winemaker tried it, and every bottle of wine tasted good.

    Pasteur’s idea worked for other people, too. When farmers heated milk, it didn’t sour so quickly. When breweries （啤酒师）heated beer, it tasted better. People called the process （过程）“pasteurization” － heating a liquid to kill bad germs. Aren’t you glad that the milk you drink has been pasteurized?

  1. What does the passage mainly tell us?

    A. What life Louis Pasteur lived.

    B. How to make milk clean.

    C. How pasteurization was invented.

    D. What to do with wine.

  2. The underlined （划线）words in the passage mean _______.

    A. small parts water is made up of

    B. dirty things around us

    C. bodies of small living things

    D. living things that can’t be seen

  3. What do you think Louis Pasteur was like from the passage?

    A. Clever, helpful and hard-working.

    B. Quiet, helpful, and kind-hearted.

    C. Brave, careful and hard-working.

    D. Clever, serious and kind-hearted.

  4. Which of the following sentences is true?

    A. Where something is wrong, there are germs.

    B. Louis Pasteur is the inventor of microscopes.

    C. Everybody knows what the word PASTEURIZED means.

    D. Pasteurization is a good way to keep food from going bad.