Assertiveness is the ability to confidently express your opinions, feelings,attitudes, and rights, in a way that doesn't infringe（侵犯） the rights of others.

    Many of us are taught that it is not nice to consider our own needs above those of others. If someone says or does something that we don't like, we should just be quiet and try to stay away from that person in the future.

    Why is Assertiveness important?

     If you don't know how to be assertive, you might experience:

•Depression - Anger, a sense of being helpless, hopeless, or of having no　control over your life.

•Resentment - Anger at others for taking advantage of you.

•Frustration - Why did I allow that to happen?

     Most people find it easier to be assertive in some situations than in others. This　makes perfect sense. It's a lot easier to hold your ground with a stranger than with　someone you love. But the more important the relationship is to you, the more　ｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ it is to be assertive. Assertive behavior leads to increased respect from others！

      But before you decide to act assertively, you have to decide if you can live

 with the results. Although assertive behavior usually will result in a positive

 response  (积极的回应)，some people 　might react differently.

   How to be effectively（有效地） assertive:

 •Use "I" statements. Keep the focus on the problem you're having. "I'd like to be able to tell my stories without interruption." instead of "You're always interrupting my stories ! "

 •Use facts, not opinions. "Did you know that shirt has a hole?" instead of　"You're not going out looking like THAT, are you?"

 •Express ownership of your thoughts, feelings, and opinions. "I get angry when he breaks his promises. " instead of "He makes me angry. "

 • Make clear and direct requirements. Don't invite the person to say no. "Will  you please?" instead of　'Would you mind．．．?" or "Why don't you．．．?"

•Keep repeating your point. Use a low level and pleasant voice. Don't try to explain yourself.

1.The writer probably agrees that­­­____________.

A. you should consider others' response before you act assertively

B. you should be assertive if you want to get good marks

C. assertiveness is the ability to infringe others' rights.

D. assertive behavior will bring you bad feelings

2.The expression "hold yourｇround" probably means “_________________”

A. reach an agreement

B. insist on your point

C. keep your word

D. keep on fighting

3.Which of the following helps you to be effectively assertive?

A. Explaining yourself in a soft and sweet voice.

B. Expressing ownership of others' thoughts.

C. Making requirements directly and clearly.

D. Using your opinions instead of facts.

Martin is an American boy. He is eight years old. His parents   41  _ five years ago and he is now living with his grandmother in New York.

　　One morning,  Jimmy ,  one of his classmates, came to his home with an exercises book in his hand. Jimmy lives in a house not far from Martin's. They often go to school together.

　　"Would you help me with this maths problem?" Jimmy said as soon as he came into the room. "It's too hard for me and I can't work it out."

　　"Let me try, " Martin said. "I   42  it isn't too hard for me. "

　　Martin tried his best but he couldn't work it out,   43   .

　　"If we had a small computer,  all the problems would be  44   for us to do. " Jimmy said.

　　"A small computer . . . , " Martin thought for a minute,  then he said, "I've got an idea. We can   45  one in a shop. "

　　"A computer is very   46   ,  and we don’t have enough money. "

　　"That's OK, " said Martin. "We can ask the new president (总统)   47  some money. He said he would help anyone in trouble. I' m sure he will help us. He is very rich, you know."

　　So they decided to write a letter to the new president. Soon the letter was finished and they hurried to the post office.

　　In front of the post office stood a small box. They   48   the letter into the box carefully and went home happily.

The next morning, they    49   the post office on their way to school. They found   50  ,  the box was not a post box but trash-box (果皮箱).

When we do not understand each other’s language, we can talk with the help of signs.

A Frenchman was once traveling in England . He could not speak English at all. One day he went into a restaurant and sat down at a table. When the waiter came, he opened his mouth, put his fingers in it and took them out again. He wanted to say “Bring me something to eat.”

The waiter soon brought him a cup of tea. The man moved his head from side to side. The waiter understood him and took the tea away. In a moment he came with a cup of coffee. But the man again refused (拒绝) it. He shook (摇) his head whenever the waiter brought him something to drink, for drinks are not food.

When the man was going away, another man came in. This man saw the waiter, and he put his hand on his stomach (胃). That was enough. In a few minutes there was a large plate of meat and vegetables on the table in front of him.

　　So, you see, we cannot understand the language of signs as well as we can understand the language of words.

1.According to the passage when people do not understand each other’s language, they can talk with the help of ___________.

2. A Frenchman signed to the waiter ___________.

3. The waiter brought the Frenchman ___________.

4. Another man saw the waiter, and put his hands on his stomach. He meant ___________.

5. From this story, we know ___________.

Martin is an American boy. He is eight years old. His parents   41  _ five years ago and he is now living with his grandmother in New York.
　　One morning,  Jimmy ,  one of his classmates, came to his home with an exercises book in his hand. Jimmy lives in a house not far from Martin's. They often go to school together.
　　"Would you help me with this maths problem?" Jimmy said as soon as he came into the room. "It's too hard for me and I can't work it out."
　　"Let me try, " Martin said. "I   42  it isn't too hard for me. "
　　Martin tried his best but he couldn't work it out,   43   .
　　"If we had a small computer,  all the problems would be  44   for us to do. " Jimmy said.
　　"A small computer . . . , " Martin thought for a minute,  then he said, "I've got an idea. We can   45  one in a shop. "
　　"A computer is very   46   ,  and we don’t have enough money. "
　　"That's OK, " said Martin. "We can ask the new president (总统)   47  some money. He said he would help anyone in trouble. I' m sure he will help us. He is very rich, you know."
　　So they decided to write a letter to the new president. Soon the letter was finished and they hurried to the post office.
　　In front of the post office stood a small box. They   48   the letter into the box carefully and went home happily.
The next morning, they    49   the post office on their way to school. They found   50  ,  the box was not a post box but trash-box (果皮箱).

 Laboratory　work　is　your　chance　to　learn　science　firsthand.　It　can　be　fun　but　you　must　be　careful　to　prevent　injury.　Listen　closely　when　your　teacher　reads　and　explains　the　rules　before　your　first　lab　lesson.

    LABORATORYRULES

    Throughout　the　lesson

    ·Do　not　enter　the　science　lab　without　the　teacher’s　permission.·No　food　or　drinks　are　to　be　alowed　in　the　science　lab.

    Before　the　Experiment

    ·Read　al　instructions　carefuly　before　every　experiment.

    ·Prepare　al　apparatus（仪器）and　arrange　them　so　that　you　wil　not　knock　them　over　while　doing　the　experiment.

    During　the　Experiment

    ·If　you　are　unsure　of　how　to　use　any　apparatus　or　how　to　operate,　ask　your　teacher　for　help.·Never　smel　or　taste　chemicals　unless　your　teacher　gives　permission.

    After　the　Experiment

    ·Wash　al　apparatus　after　use　and　return　them　to　the　places　where　they　were.

    ·Throw　waste　materials　in　proper　waste　baskets.　　　　First　Aid　　　　

    ·Report　al　accidents　to　your　teacher　immediately.

    ·If　you　spil（ 溅 出 ）any　chemicals　onto　your　body　or　clothing,　wash　with　plenty　of　water　and　report　to　your　teacher.

   1.　Your　teacher　wil　probably　tel　you　the　rules　above　_____　the　first　lab　lesson.

    A.　before　　　　　B.　since　　　　C.　during　　　　D.　after

2.　Before　every　experiment,　you　should　_____.

    A.　taste　the　chemicals　first

    B.　clean　al　the　apparatus

    C.　read　al　instructions　carefuly

    D.　report　al　the　accidents　to　the　teacher

  3.　When　you　are　not　sure　how　to　use　al　apparatus,　_____.

    A.　try　them　on　your　own

    B.　read　the　rules　carefuly

    C.　ask　your　teacher　for　help

    d.　put　them　back

 4.　It　is　clear　that　you　can　_____.

    A.　 bring　food　into　the　lab

    B.　enter　the　lab　anytime

    C.　smel　chemicals　as　you　like

    D.　learn　science　directly　in　the　lab

    5.　If　you　get　chemicals　on　the　clothing,　you　can　find　ways　to　solve　it　in　the　part　_____.

    A.　Before　the　Experiment

    B.　First　Aid

    C.　During　the　Experiment

    D.　After　the　Experiment