Sometimes, people are not clear about what kind of food is healthy, and what kind of food may do harm to our health. The USDA has prepared a food guide to help people learn about which kind of food is the healthiest to eat. The food guide describes six main food groups: meat (like fish and chicken), dairy (like milk and cheese), grains (like bread and rice), fruit, and vegetables. The last group is fats and sweets. The USDA also suggests (建议)how much of each food group is healthy to eat daily. Though this guide was prepared by the US government, it is very useful for people all over the world.

    As a result of years of study, we know that too much animal fat is bad for our health. For example, Americans eat a lot of meat and only a small amount (量) of grains, fruit and vegetables, Because of the way they eat, they have a high rate (率) of cancer (癌症) and heart disease. In Japan, people eat large amounts of grains and very little meat. The Japanese also have a very low rate of cancer and heart disease. The Japanese live longer than anyone else in the world. However, when Japanese people move to the US, the rate of heart disease and cancer goes up as their eating habit changes. And as hamburgers, ice creams and other high-fat foods become popular in Japan, the rate of heart disease and cancer is going up there as well. People are also eating more meat and dairy food in other countries, in which the disease rate is going up along with the way people eat. Doctors everywhere suggest people eat more grains, fruit and vegetables and less meat and dairy food.

    Eating healthily is important for children as well as their parents. When parents have poor eating habits, their children usually do, too. After all, children eat the same way as their parents. When parents eat healthy food, the children will learn to enjoy it, too. Then they will develop good eating habits. Doctors suggest parents give their children healthier food such as fruit, vegetables and juice.

    Everyone wants to live a long, healthy life. We know that the food we eat affects (影响) us in different ways. For example, doctors believe that fruit and vegetables can really protect people from many different diseases. On the other hand, animal fat can cause (引起) diseases. We can change our eating habits now and enjoy many years of healthy living.

1. How many main food groups does the food guide describe?

     A. Four.           B. Five            C. six           D. We don’t know.

2. What is the USDA in the passage?

     A. A group of doctors in the US.      B. An office of the US government.

    C. A report on diseases in the US.    D. An order given by the US president.

3. The second paragraph mainly tells us that          .

     A. Japanese are always healthier than Americans

     B. living in the US is not good for people’s health

     C. if you eat too much fat you will have cancer

     D. the way we eat may cause some health problems

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

     A. More and more people have good eating habits now.

     B. Parents’ eating habits are important to their children.

     C. Good eating habits develop only when you are young.

     D. The more fruit and vegetables we eat, the longer we will live.

5. The greatest help the passage gives us is          .

     A. to introduce a food guide to the world

     B. to provide us with knowledge of six food groups

     C. to suggest a way of eating for a healthy life

     D. to find the main cause of some serious diseases.

Suppose you are going to Boston, and you have never visited the city before. If someone tells you about the interesting places in the city, you 　 15　 to get some ideas of what you will see, but don’t have a 　 16　 idea of where these places are or of how to find them. However 　 17　 someone has a map of the city and 　 18　 you the main roads and buildings, you may say, “Oh, now I see. I can find my way with 　 19　 trouble at all”. Working in math is somewhat（有点儿） like trying to find your way 　 20　 a new city. Perhaps the words may tell you some information and you have 　21　 it, but you can’t see any clear road 　 22　 　the answers.

Maybe you need to have a kind of map of the main roads in maths 　 23　 you find your way. Explore what lies in maths, and try your best to find the main roads. They will 　 24

you to the answer. If you can find the “map”, the maths problems will be easily worked out.

15. A. begin　　　　　 　　　 B. like　　　　　 　　　 C. learn　　　　 　　　 D. decide

16. A. clever　　　　 　　　 B. clear　　　　 　　　 C. strange　　　 　　　 D. wrong

17. A. if　　　　　　　　 　　　 B. though　　　　　　　 C. whether　　 　　　 D. since

18. A. helps　　　　　 　　　 B. gives　　　　 　　　 C. passes　　　 　　　 D. shows

19. A. not　　　　 　　　　　 B. no 　　　　　 　　　 C. some 　　 　　　　 D. much

20. A. of 　　　　　　　　　　 B. to 　　　　　　 　　　 C. in 　　　　　　 　　　 D around

21. A. thought about　　 B. heard about　　　 C. written down　　 D talked with

22. A. with 　　　　　 　　　 B. for 　　　　　 　　　 C. of 　　　　　 　　　 D to

23. A. help 　　　　　 　　　 B. to help　　　 　　　 C. helps 　　　 　　　 D help with

24. A. keep 　　　　 　　　 B. send 　　　　 　　　 C. lead 　　　　 　　　 D. ask

Do you know why different animals or insects have their special colors? Colors are used mainly to protect themselves.

Why can’t some birds easily catch locusts（蝗虫）? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But as autumn comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other insects with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives in the day and appear only at night.

If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals can’t be easily seen by hunters. This is because they have the colors much like the trees.

Have you ever noticed an even more strange thing? A kind of fish in the sea can send out black liquid when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over, its enemies can’t find it. And it quickly swims away. So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.

1. From the article we learn that locusts 　　　　　　　　　.

A. are dangerous to their enemies           B. are easily found by birds

C. change their colors to protect themselves   D. are small animals

2.How can insects with different colors from plants keep out of danger?

A. They have to move quietly.

B. They hide themselves in the day and appear at night.

C. They have the colors much like their enemies.

D. They run away quickly.

3. Bears and lions can keep safe because 　　　　　　　　　.

A. they live in forests                  B. they like brown and grey colors

C. they move quietly　                   D. they have the colors similar to the trees

4.What does the word “liquid” mean in the last paragraph?

A. 气体          B. 固体　       C. 液体　       D. 水蒸气

5. Which is the best title for this passage?

A. The Main Use of Colors for Animals and Insects

B. Colors of Different Animals and Insects

C. The Change of Colors for Animals and Insects

D. The Change of Different Animals and Plants