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    　　If you want to work more on writing, we suggest(建议)that you read throngh the passage below．That will help you learn how to improve your writing．

    　　Choosing a Writing Topic(题目，话题)

    　　Your teacher and your group members may help you choose a topic sometimes．We suggest that you try if possible to choose or make up a topic that is interesting to you because it will be easier for you to write about something you are interested in．

    　　Getting Started

    　　Once you have chosen a topic, you have to get started writing．Getting started is the hardest part of writing for most people．However, there are ways of making this job easier, and we would like to introduce you some of these techniques(技巧)at this time．

    　　Brainstorming helps you get ideas for your writing．Here is how to do it．First, take a pen and piece of paper and write down your topic on it．Read your topic over a few times to yourself．Then let your mind go freely．And then write down any ideas that come to your mind．Now let’s suppose your topic is blue jeans．Please do as suggested．

    　　blue jeans　　youth/young people　　clothing

    　　freedom　　comfortable　　enjoyable

    　　Listing is useful for exploring something where you are trying to look at two sides of a subject, the advantages(good points)and disadvantages(bad points)of something, reasons for doing and not doing something．

    　　Another useful technique is mapping．You start by writing your topic in the center of your page in a box．And then as you brainstorm for ideas, you write your ideas around the topic．As you write one idea down, you may think of another idea related to(与……有关的)it, so you could write this second idea close to the first one．Mapping can be useful for helping you see relationship between ideas and also showing important events in relation to each other．Here are two examples of mapping．

    　　Another way to get started and to explore your ideas on a topic is to do some free－writing at the beginning．You can do free－writing after or in place of brainstorming．You write for 10～15 minutes about your topic．You should write anything that comes into your mind．Keep on writing even if nothing comes into your mind．When you free－write, don’t think about grammar, spelling, or punctuation(标点)．Just write!And don’t stop writing until your time is up．After you finish, read over what you have written．Draw a line under anything that seems interesting to you．You can free－write again beginning with the part you underlined．You can free－write several times．Each time you bring your ideas more and more closely to your topic．

    (1)

    There’re ________ writing techniques mentioned in the passage．

    [　　]

    A．

    2

    B．

    3

    C．

    4

    D．

    5

    (2)

    When we write, which order should we follow?

    a．map　b．free-writing　c．brainstorm　d．choose a topic　e．list　f．get started

    [　　]

    A．

    bce

    B．

    dce

    C．

    cea

    D．

    fcb

    (3)

    Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

    [　　]

    A．

    We can find ideas not related to the topic on a map．

    B．

    We can try different ways when we are mapping．

    C．

    We learn listing is a very useful technique．

    D．

    We either brainstorm or free-writing when getting started．

    (4)

    What does the writer write the article for?

    [　　]

    A．

    The writer wants to help us write our composition．

    B．

    The writer wants to show he is more knowledgeable than others．

    C．

    The writer wants to tell us the methods of writing．

    D．

    The writer wants to write a good article．

    (5)

    What does the underlined word “explore” mean in the passage?

    [　　]

    A．

    勘探

    B．

    探究

    C．

    侦探

    D．

    考察

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      Many parents take on the role of being their children’s preschool teacher and the responsibility of readying them for kindergarten (学前班). To a_____ this goal, it is important for parents to i______ a variety of (各种各样的) subjects in a positive and playful manner.
    “Learning should not be forced,” says Marion Godwin, who has taught first grade in Moorestown, N. J. for more than 30 years. “ It should be taught according to what they know and do best—and that is‘ play’. When t________ them, play games and have fun with the subject. And parents should always be looking for ‘teachable moments’.”
    “You want a child to be a lifelong(终生的) l_____, so you want to show them learning is everywhere,” she says. “If parents take the time to lay a strong educational foundation(基础), their children will keep b______ on it.”
    Introduce children to science with hands-on (亲自动手的) activities that I         them, such as growing plants from seeds, discussing animals and how to care for pets, and observing (观察) the chemical changes that occur during cooking”, she says.
    “Sorting activities, simple patterns (图案) and counting games are a great way to teach children the basics of math, and taking them on field trips, singing songs and reciting rhymes also are ways to p_______ them for the first day of school”, she says.
    “I think children are naturals when it comes to computers,” she says. “Let them play educational games on the computer and teach them how to t____ their first names using the keyboard. When they are more f______ with using the computer, let them find pictures of animals and places on the web. ”
    “Don’t criticize (批评) the child,” she says. “You can’t force them to learn something. If they don’t get something right, so what? Smile and be happy and make the e____小题1:___ joyful. Parents need to understand that if a child gets something wrong, they may think something is wrong with them. Keep working with them and when they get the right answer make sure you tell them how hard they worked to get the correct answer. ”

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    Does your school have any problems with discipline(纪律)? What happens when students step out of line?
    Here are some examples of bad behaviour:
    ? Playing truant(逃学) (missing school without permission from parents).
    ? Stealing, smoking, hitting, swearing, running, kissing.
    ? Cheating on exams.
    ? Calling a teacher or another pupil a bad name.
    ? Not doing homework.
    ? Not listening or not paying attention in lessons.
    ? Wearing unsuitable clothes.
    Here are some of the ways that UK school children can be punished:
    ? Exclusion（开除）: a pupil is asked to leave the school and not come back. The pupil has to find a new school or a different method of education.
    ? Suspension（停课）: a pupil cannot enter the building or attend lessons until the school has a meeting about their situation. Suspension can last from one to 45 days. The pupil is usually given work to do at home with a special teacher.
    ? Detention（拘留）: a pupil is asked to stay after school and work for 30-60 minutes before they can leave.
    ? Lines: a pupil has to write a sentence many times (e.g. 100 or more) on a sheet of paper, e.g. “I must not shout in class.”
    Freya MacDonald, a 15-year-old pupil from Scotland, _________when she refused to accept her school’s punishment. Her family says that she was given 11 detentions for trivial things such as having fizzy drinks in class and coming into school through a fire door.
    Freya says that repeated detentions ruined her right to an education under Scottish law and made it difficult for her to learn. So she refused to return until the school respected her civil rights. She wants the headmaster and her teachers to sign a letter to promise this. Hundreds of schools in Scotland were told not to use detention as a punishment because of her legal action.
    Many UK schools now give parents a home&school contract（契约，合同）, explaining their discipline and rules. Parents must sign this document to agree that they accept the school’s rules and discipline and that they are responsible for their child’s behaviour.         
    小题1:The expression “step out of line” in Paragraph 1 probably means________
    A．jump the queueB．break the discipline
    C．be later for schoolD．fight with others.
    小题2:What is the main purpose of the text?
    A．To list common bad behavior in UK schools.
    B．To show how UK schools deal with students’ parents.
    C．To find out why more and more pupils break rules in UK schools.
    D．To introduce how UK schools punish students with their discipline.
    小题3:Which expression can be filled in the blank in the passage________.
    A．covered the story
    B．corrected her behavior
    C．showed an interest
    D．made the news
    小题4:What is the best title for the passage?
    A．Punishments in UK School
    B．What is Bad Behavior?
    C．UK School Discipline.
    D．Too Many School Rules in the UK

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    根据括号内的英(汉)语提示,完成句子。
    小题1:The teacher told us that the sun ____ (rise) in the east.
    小题2:They ____(提供) us with delicious food last night 
    小题3:He fell asleep while he _____ ( read) a book.
    小题4:A good beating will teach you to tell the ____ ( true) in future.
    小题5:Please ____ (允许) me to introduce my best friend Mary.
    小题6:Education is one of the most important parts of a country’s _______ (develop)
    小题7:The ____ ( die ) of my pet dog made me feel sad.  
    小题8:It’s too hard for me to learn it. Can you show me how ____ ( throw) the ball
    小题9:It’s raining _____ ( heavy). Let’s stay at home.

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    根据括号内的英(汉)语提示,完成句子。
    【小题1】The teacher told us that the sun ____ (rise) in the east.
    【小题2】They ____(提供) us with delicious food last night 
    【小题3】He fell asleep while he _____ ( read) a book.
    【小题4】A good beating will teach you to tell the ____ ( true) in future.
    【小题5】Please ____ (允许) me to introduce my best friend Mary.
    【小题6】Education is one of the most important parts of a country’s _______ (develop)
    【小题7】The ____ ( die ) of my pet dog made me feel sad.  
    【小题8】It’s too hard for me to learn it. Can you show me how ____ ( throw) the ball
    【小题9】It’s raining _____ ( heavy). Let’s stay at home.

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