Most Americans start to school at the age of five when they enter kindergarten(幼儿园).Children do not really study at this time. They only attend for half the day and learn what school is like.

Children attend elementary school(小学) for the next six years. They learn to read and write and work with numbers. They also study the world and its people.

After they leave elementary school, children go to junior high school for three years and senior high school (高中) for another three years. This is called secondary education (中等教育). In some places, the children go to elementary school for eight years and high school for four. In all, elementary and secondary education together take twelve years to complete (完全) excluding(不包括) kindergarten.

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1. The elementary and secondary education together take the children ______ to complete in the USA.

A. thirteen years　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　    B. fourteen years

C. twelve years　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    D. eleven years

2. Most American children enter kindergarten ______.

A. at the age of five years old　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. to study two years

C. to learn science　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    D. about two years old

3. In elementary they should stay there ______.

A. for six years　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. for three years

C. for another three years　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  D. to study hard

4. Children should study how to ______.

A. act　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  B. become an astronaut

C. read and write　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. read, write and work with numbers

5. Some American children have their elementary school education for ______.

A. five years　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. four years

C. eight years　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   D.seven years

Willy Wonker has a chocolate factory. One day, he organizes a competition. A lot of children enter the competition because the prize is a tour of Wonker's chocolate factory. Four rich, naughty children and a poor boy, Charlie Bucket, are the winners. When they enter the factory, they are surprised: it is a wonderful place with rivers and waterfalls of chocolate, and the cinema audience all cheer when they see it

The famous actor Jhonny Depp plays Willy Wonker, and young Freddie Highmore is Charlie. He acts well in the film. I think he will become a star. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is excellent, and I' m sure it will be very popular with people of all ages.

1. Who is Willy Wonker?

A．The manager of a chocolate factory.         B．The manager of a cinema.

C．The manager of a restaurant.              D．A famous actor.

2. Who is Charlie Bucket?

A．A bad student.                                   B．One of the winners of a competition.

C．A young actor.                             D．A rich student.

3. Who will become a star?

A．Jhonny Depp.                             B．Charlie.

C．Freddie Highmore.                       D．Charlie Bucket.

4. The underlined it in the passage means ___________

A．Jhonny Depp plays Willy Wonker.               B．Charlie and the Chocolate Factory

C．The competition.                        D．The chocolate factory.

5. What does the writer think of the film?

    A．Excellent and will be popular.                B．Only children will love it.

    C．Only old people will love it.                 D．Jhonny Depp is the only actor.

       Having a teenager at home can be a real headache. Many teenagers smoke, drink and even fight. They often do something dangerous.

       Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely (可能) to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group, including children and adults. Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong? Not really. So what’s the reason?

       According to Laurence, a teacher from a US university, the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers (同龄人) view them—that is “peer influence”.

       As children enter their teenage years, they spend more time with their friends and classmates, and also they care more about what they think of them. This makes teenagers make decisions without thinking about the costs.

       In a test, a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game. When they played with their friends watching around them, they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning. But when they played alone, they drove more safely.

       Why do peers have such a big influence on teens’ behavior?

       As Laurence sees it, a teenager’s brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油门) but a weak brake (刹车). The “accelerator” is fully developed by teenage years while the “brake” is still not fully developed. When teenagers are watched by their peers, they usually push hard on the accelerator. With their weak brake, it is likely that they are going to end up in an accident.

       But the good news is that a violent (暴力的)teenager doesn’t necessarily become a violent adult. About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it. “They get more self-controlled.” 

1 What does the underlined word “irrational” in the 2^nd paragraph mean?

A. Quick.               B. Crazy.                    C. Careful.                        D. Correct.

2 Why are teenagers likely to make wrong decisions according to the text? 

   A. They like difficult tasks.

B. They don’t care about costs.

C. They are too young to tell right from wrong.

D. They care a lot about what their peers think of them.

3 How does Laurence explain the influence of peer pressure on teens’ behavior?

   A. By comparing it with how a car works.

B. By comparing it with an accident. 

C. By showing research findings.

D. By giving examples.

4 According to the text, with peers around them, teenagers are more likely to _______ .

   A. use more self-control     

B. perform better than when they are alone

C. become more careful about what they do

D. care about winning without thinking about danger

5 What can we conclude from the text?

A. Teenagers are easy to have traffic accidents.

B. Peer influence is bad on teenagers.

C. Most of the teenagers become less violent when they grow up.

D. Teenagers shouldn’t spend all the free time with their friends.

　 Having a teenager at home can be a real headache. Many teenagers smoke, drink and even fight. They often do something dangerous.

　 Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely (可能) to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group, including children and adults. Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong? Not really. So what’s the reason?

　 According to Laurence, a teacher from a US university, the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers (同龄人) view them—that is “peer influence”.

　 As children enter their teenage years, they spend more time with their friends and classmates, and also they care more about what they think of them. This makes teenagers make decisions without thinking about the costs.

　 In a test, a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game. When they played with their friends watching around them, they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning. But when they played alone, they drove more safely.

　 Why do peers have such a big influence on teens’ behavior?

　 As Laurence sees it, a teenager’s brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油门) but a weak brake (刹车). The “accelerator” is fully developed by teenage years while the “brake” is still not fully developed. When teenagers are watched by their peers, they usually push hard on the accelerator. With their weak brake, it is likely that they are going to end up in an accident.

　 But the good news is that a violent (暴力的)teenager doesn’t necessarily become a violent adult. About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it. “They get more self-controlled.”

56. What does the underlined word “irrational” in the 2^nd paragraph mean?

A. Quick.　　　　　 B. Crazy.　　　　　 C. Careful.　　　　　　 D. Correct.

57. Why are teenagers likely to make wrong decisions according to the text?

A. They like difficult tasks.

B. They don’t care about costs.

C. They are too young to tell right from wrong.

D. They care a lot about what their peers think of them.

58. How does Laurence explain the influence of peer pressure on teens’ behavior?

A. By comparing it with how a car works.

B. By comparing it with an accident.

C. By showing research findings.

D. By giving examples.

59. According to the text, with peers around them, teenagers are more likely to _______ .

A. use more self-control

B. perform better than when they are alone

C. become more careful about what they do

D. care about winning without thinking about danger

60. What can we conclude from the text?

A. Teenagers are easy to have traffic accidents.

B. Peer influence is bad on teenagers.

C. Most of the teenagers become less violent when they grow up.

D. Teenagers shouldn’t spend all the free time with their friends.