The name England comes from the words “Angle land”．The Angles were people who came from northern Germany in the 5th and 6th centuries，after the Romans had left.The French name for England is Angleterre，which also means “Angle land”．There were also invasions (侵略) of southern England by Saxons and Jutes (people from another part of northern Germany)．English people are sometimes called Anglo­Saxons.The Celts who used to live in this area were forced to move back into Scotland，Ireland，Cornwall and into Western France (the area known as Brittany)．
England at first became a series of kingdoms，the strongest of which was Wessex (the name comes from West­Saxon)．The names of many of the areas in England come from this period—for example，the name Sussex comes from South­Saxon，Essex from East­Saxon，and East Anglia from East­Angle.The Vikings then came from Denmark，and later the Normans invaded from France. Eventually England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland were united，forming the United Kingdom.
The English language is the main language spoken throughout England，although there are many different accents.It can be difficult to know how to spell or to pronounce some English words，because the language has been influenced by Latin and Greek (languages used at the time of the Romans，and used in religion and education until recent times)，German (the language of the Angles，Saxons and Jutes)，French(the language of the Normans)，Gaelic/Scots (Celtic languages) and Danish (the language of the Vikings)．
There are now many people throughout the United Kingdom who speak a foreign language either as their first or second language；mainly due to immigration (移民) from Europe or the Commonwealth (countries which used to be part of the British Empire)．
【小题1】According to the first paragraph，which of the following statements is NOT true?

The name England comes from the words “Angle land”.The Angles were people who came from northern Germany in the 5th and 6th centuries，after the Romans had left.The French name for England is Angleterre，which also means “Angle land”.There were also invasions (侵略) of southern England by Saxons and Jutes (people from another part of northern Germany).English people are sometimes called Anglo­Saxons.The Celts who used to live in this area were forced to move back into Scotland，Ireland，Cornwall and into Western France (the area known as Brittany).
England at first became a series of kingdoms，the strongest of which was Wessex (the name comes from West­Saxon).The names of many of the areas in England come from this period—for example，the name Sussex comes from South­Saxon，Essex from East­Saxon，and East Anglia from East­Angle.The Vikings then came from Denmark，and later the Normans invaded from France. Eventually England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland were united，forming the United Kingdom.
The English language is the main language spoken throughout England，although there are many different accents.It can be difficult to know how to spell or to pronounce some English words，because the language has been influenced by Latin and Greek (languages used at the time of the Romans，and used in religion and education until recent times)，German (the language of the Angles，Saxons and Jutes)，French(the language of the Normans)，Gaelic/Scots (Celtic languages) and Danish (the language of the Vikings).
There are now many people throughout the United Kingdom who speak a foreign language either as their first or second language；mainly due to immigration (移民) from Europe or the Commonwealth (countries which used to be part of the British Empire).

1. 1.

   According to the first paragraph，which of the following statements is NOT true?

   1. A.
      The Romans were forced to leave England when the Jutes attacked there.
   2. B.
      The Celts used to live in England but left for some reason.
   3. C.
      Southern England once was attacked by Saxons and Jutes.
   4. D.
      Angles and Saxons came from different parts of northern Germany.
2. 2.

   In the history of England，________once was the strongest kingdom.

   1. A.
      Sussex
   2. B.
      Wessex
   3. C.
      Essex
   4. D.
      East Anglia
3. 3.

   What can we learn from the third paragraph?

   1. A.
      English words are hard to spell and to pronounce.
   2. B.
      England had been invaded by most of the countries of Europe.
   3. C.
      The English language was influenced by several foreign languages.
   4. D.
      It’s hard for people who have different English accents to communicate.
4. 4.

   Why do many people in the UK speak a foreign language nowadays?

   1. A.
      Because they are required to learn a foreign language at school.
   2. B.
      Because they plan to live outside the UK in the future.
   3. C.
      Because they have moved from other countries.
   4. D.
      Because they have worked in other countries.
5. 5.

   The author writes this passage to________.

   1. A.
      tell the history of England
   2. B.
      tell how the United Kingdom was formed
   3. C.
      introduce the main spoken language throughout England
   4. D.
      tell the origin of the name of England

“Whatever",totally tops most annoying word in the poll (民意测验).So, you know, it is what it is, but Americans are totally annoyed by the use of‘ whatever"’ in conversations. The popular term of indifference (不感兴趣）was found most annoying in conversations by 47 percent of the Americans surveyed in a Marist College poll on Wednesday.

“Whatever"easily beat out “you know",which especially annoyed a quarter of interviewers. The other annoying expressions were "anyway"(at 7 percent), “it is what it is” (11percent) and “at the end of the day(2 percent).

"Whatever" is an expression with staying power It left everyone a deep impression in the song by Nirvana (“oh well, whatever, never mind”）in 1991 and was popularized by the Valley Girls in the film “Clueless”,later that decade. It is still commonly used, often by younger people.

It can be a common argument-ender or a signal of indifference. And it can really be annoying. The poll found "whatever" to be consistently(始终地) disliked by Americans regardless of their race, sex, age, income or where they live.

“It doesn't surprise me because ‘whatever’，is in a special class, probably, said Michael Adams, author of “Slang(俚语)~The People's Poetry" and an associate professor of English at Indiana University. "It's a word that -and it depends on how a speaker uses it -can suggest being not worthy of attention or respect.” Adams, who didn't take part in the poll and is not annoyed by "whatever," points out that its use is not always negative. “It can also be used in place of other neutral(中性的）phrases that have fallen out of favor, like ‘six of one, half dozen of the other’ ” he said. However, he also noted that the negative meaning of the word might explain why “whatever” was judged more annoying than the ever-popular “you know”.

1.Which tops second among the annoying expression according to the passage?'

A. Whatever.              B. You know

C. Anyway.         D. It is what it is.

2.What can we know about the word "whatever"?

A. It became popular because of Nirvana.

B. It can be commonly used at the beginning of an agreement.

C. Old people like it while young people don't.

D. Almost half of the Americans surveyed disliked it.

3.In Adams' opinion, the reason why “whatever”, was judged more annoying may be that_____.

A. most of the people don't like it

B. it can be used in place of other neutral phrases

C. it carries certain negative meaning sometimes

D. the poor don't like it

4.Which of the following statements is true?

A.Adams is not only a writer but also a professor.

B.“Whatever” is a signal of concern.

C.Adams is angry at the word “whatever”

D."Whatever" will be replaced by "You know”

[1] At some point in your life you are bound to be required to give a speech. But are you capable of having the effect on an audience that you want to have? Here are some things to keep in mind.     

[2] You may think it's good to create an informal effect, or even that it' s cool to use filler words (填充词) such as “like” and “you know”. But in reality, these words add nothing, and create the danger of making you sound foolish and uninformed.

[3] Pauses can be of significant help in adding depth to your speech, but only when they are used at the right moments. Pausing suddenly and with a panicked look will just make your audience uneasy. Also, a very long silence is the last thing you need. Make sure that your pauses are nicely placed if you want to sound like a speaker who has absolute control of what he is talking about.

[4] You also need to be careful when you switch to a new idea during the course of a speech. Often speakers ________transition words such as “well”, “so”, and so on, when they move on to new ideas. My advice, however, is to avoid such words and to try to think of a way of making a transition that is unique to the topic of your speech.

[5] Finally, avoid “umming” and “ahhing” the way many people do when they give speeches. You want to sound confident and assured, and the way not to do so is to put an “urn” or an “ah” in the middle of every sentence.

1.What is the text mainly about? (No more than 8 words)

_________________________________________________________________________

2.Complete the following statement with proper words. (No more than 4 words)

It's careful to switch to ________________________ when you give a speech.

3.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (No more than 3 words)

__________________________________________________________________________

4.Why does the author say it' s not good to use filler words? (No more than 12 words)

______________________________________________________________________

5.What does the word "they" (paragraph 3) probably refer to? (No more than 2 words)

_________________________________________________________________________