51---------
Successful people are nicer to those who are jealous of them, psychologists have found.
　　　The fear that they may become the target of malicious（恶意的）envy makes people act more helpfully toward people who they think might be jealous of them.
　　　Previous research found jealousy could be divided into benign and malicious envy. Those with benign envy were motivated to improve themselves, to do better so they could be more like the person they envied.52--------　The Dutch researchers then set out to question the effect on the target of the envy.
In lab experiments a group of people were made to feel like they would be maliciously envied by being told they would receive an award of five euros（欧元）53-------The researchers thought that the deserved prize would lead to benign envy, while the undeserved prize would lead to malicious envy.
　　　Then the volunteer was asked to give time-consuming advice to a potentially envious person.People who had reason to think they would be the target of malicious envy were more likely to take the time to give advice than targets of benign envy.
　　　In another experiment, an experimenter dropped a number of erasers on the floor as the volunteer was leaving.54--------　He said: 'This sort of serves a useful group function. We all think better-off people should share with others but that's not something we are inclined to do when we are better off..55----------　　

A．Those who thought they would be maliciously envied were more likely to help him pick them up.

B．Helping others is a virtue.

C．However those with malicious envy wanted tobringthe more successful persondown.

D．Malicious envy. is terrible.

E. This fear of envy can encourage us to behave in ways that improve the social interactions of the group.'
　　F. People are more likely to help others if they think they are envious of them.
G.. Sometimes the prize was deserved and was based on the score they were told they had earned on a quiz. But sometimes it was not based on their score at all.

__51__It crossed New York from Buffalo on Lake Erie Troy to Albany on the Hudson River.__52__The canal served as a route over which industrial goods could flow into the west，and materials could pour into the east.The Erie Canal helped New York develop into the nation’s largest city.

The building of the canal was paid for entirely by the state of New York.__53__Between 1825，when the canal was opened，and 1882，when toll charges (过运河费) were stopped，the state collected $121,461,891.

For a hundred years before the Erie was built，people had been talking about a canal which could join the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean.The man who planned the Erie Canal and carried the plan through was De Witt Clinton.Those who were against the canal laughingly called it “Clinton’s Ditch(沟)”．__54__ He and Governor Morris went to Washington in 1812 to ask for help for the canal，but they were unsuccessful.

Clinton became governor of New York in 1817，and shortly afterwards，on July 4,1817，broke ground for the canal in Rome，N.Y.The first part of the canal was completed in 1820.__55__The length of the canal is 363 miles.

A．As the canal grew，towns along its course developed fast.

B．It cost $ 7,143,789，but it soon gained its price many times over.

C．The Erie Canal was the first important national waterway built in the US.

D．More workers were needed to build the canal.

E．Clinton talked and wrote about the canal and drew up plans for it.

F．To dig the canal benefited Americans.

G．It joined the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean.

 

51 .  It has been used as a product full of nutrition. Our bodies need it for their development and also to help them to recover after a disease.

The microelement(微量元素) content of honey is similar to that of our blood. 52_    In honey, the percentage of vitamins and minerals differs according to the kind of nectar(花蜜) used by the bees and the quality of the soil where the plants grow.  53 . The latter is the most valuable in its healing（治疗）-effects.

54 .  Put one teaspoonful of honey in a glass of milk before going to bed and you will certainly have sweet dreams that night.

If you feel sick because you have eaten too much one day, or you have stomachache, then their solution is a glass of water with honey and lemon. Moreover, a sore throat is not a problem any more if you have a cup of tea with honey.

Singers use honey when they have problems with their voices or before a concert when they really feel exhausted.  55 :  they use them for their hair, nails and bodies.

A．Honey is mostly used as a natural sedative(镇静剂）when you have problems with your sleep.

B．Honey is helpful for losing weight.

C．That is why it is so well assimilated（吸收）by our bodies.

D．For women, beauty products made of honey can be very helpful

E.      Honey, a wonderful gift of nature to mankind, has been well known since ancient times.

F.      What determine the quality of honey is the kind of bees and flowers.

G.     There are kinds of honey, including mono flower honey, meaning the honey is made of only one type of flower, and polo flower honey, which is made in mountainous areas.

1-5 BDACB 6-10 BBBDD 11- 15 CAACB

 

51---------

Successful people are nicer to those who are jealous of them, psychologists have found.

　　　The fear that they may become the target of malicious（恶意的）envy makes people act more helpfully toward people who they think might be jealous of them.

　　　Previous research found jealousy could be divided into benign and malicious envy. Those with benign envy were motivated to improve themselves, to do better so they could be more like the person they envied.52--------　The Dutch researchers then set out to question the effect on the target of the envy.

      In lab experiments a group of people were made to feel like they would be maliciously envied by being told they would receive an award of five euros（欧元）53-------The researchers thought that the deserved prize would lead to benign envy, while the undeserved prize would lead to malicious envy.

　　　Then the volunteer was asked to give time-consuming advice to a potentially envious person.People who had reason to think they would be the target of malicious envy were more likely to take the time to give advice than targets of benign envy.

　　　In another experiment, an experimenter dropped a number of erasers on the floor as the volunteer was leaving.54--------　He said: 'This sort of serves a useful group function. We all think better-off people should share with others but that's not something we are inclined to do when we are better off..55----------　　

A. Those who thought they would be maliciously envied were more likely to help him pick them up.

    B. Helping others is a virtue.

C. However those with malicious envy wanted to bring the more successful person down.

    D. Malicious envy. is terrible.

E. This fear of envy can encourage us to behave in ways that improve the social interactions of the group.'

　　F. People are more likely to help others if they think they are envious of them.

G.. Sometimes the prize was deserved and was based on the score they were told they had earned on a quiz. But sometimes it was not based on their score at all.

 

  51    But still there is a danger that grows every year. Airliners get larger. Some airplanes can hold over 300 passengers. And the air itself becomes more and more crowded. If one giant airliner crashed into another in mid-air, 600 lives could be lost.

       52  . Air traffic controllers tell the pilot exactly when to turn, when to climb, and when to come down. The air traffic controllers around a busy airport like London-Heathrow may handle 25000 planes a day. Not all of them actually land at the airport. Any plane that flies near the airport comes under the orders of the controllers there.   53   .   

     Recently such a disaster almost happened.   54  . One, with 69 passengers, had come from Toronto, and the other, with 176 passengers, from Chicago. An air traffic controller noticed on his radar screen that the two planes were too close to each other. He ordered one to turn to the right and to climb. But he made a mistake. He ordered the wrong plane to do this. Fifteen seconds later it flew directly in front of the second plane. They avoided each other by the smallest part of a second. The distance between them was less than that of a large swimming pool.   55   .

A． Even a small mistake on their part could cause a disaster.

B． Two large jets were flying towards the airport.

C． Nowadays people like traveling more by air than by car.

D．Today, air travel is far safer than driving a car in a bus motor-way.

E． This is an example of the danger that grows every year.

F． In a word, air travel is more dangerous, we should choose others.

G．From the moment an airliner takes off to the moment it lands, every moment is watched on radar scree.