55% of deaths caused by road accidents occur in the first few minutes after a crash. Up to 85% of these deaths could be prevented if first aid were given. The first person on the scene of a road accident will almost certainly be another road user. So as a driver your knowledge of first aid could make a real difference to someone in the event of a road accident.

Assess conditions

·Remain calm. Judge the scene and seriousness of the collision.

·Determine what has happened, how many people and vehicles are involved and the exact location.

·Determine how many casualties(伤亡人数) there are, what is the severity of the injuries, whether anyone is trapped, and whether there is a danger of fire.

Make safe

·Make sure you stay safe and keep off the road. If you need to stop or warn approaching cars, signal to them from the pavement. Wear reflective clothing, use warning triangles, flashing lights and warning lights. Don’t smoke.

·If you are in a car and you come across an accident, first park safely and turn off the engine before you get out to help. Use a triangle warning danger if necessary.

·Consider the safety of others. Don’t move the vehicles, look out for dangers — leaking fuel, chemicals, broken glass or dropping loads — guide uninjured passengers to a place of safety.

Call for help

Dial 999 (or 112) for the emergency services. If there is no phone nearby, send two people in opposite directions to seek help.

Do this as soon as you can or get someone else to do it while you deal with an injured person. You will need to tell the emergency services:

·where you are

·what has happened (describe the accident)

·how many people are injured

·whether they are breathing or bleeding.

The operator will talk you through what to do while you wait for an ambulance to arrive.

Apply emergency first aid

·Remain calm. Reassure the victims.

·Do not allow smoking or offer food or drink to casualties as this could hamper urgent medical treatment.

1.The passage mainly tells us ______.

A. how to reduce road accident deaths

B. how to perform first aid in a road accident

C. how to treat the injured people on the scene

D. how to protect us from being injured in an accident

2.When a driver is applying first aid, which of the following is proper?

A. Stand in the middle of the road to stop or warn approaching cars.

B. Leave the engine working when he gets out of his car to help.

C. Call 999 for an ambulance to come and leave the scene immediately.

D. Make sure the scene is safe enough and stay away from dangerous gas leaking.

3.What does the underlined word “hamper” mean in the last paragraph?

A. Affect.                     B. Improve.                 C. Demand.                    D. Judge.

4.The passage is most likely to appear in a newspaper’s ______ section.

A. business and finance                            B. sports and entertainment

C. travel and traffic                                       D. customs and cultures

 

 (    )55. Could you make her ________laughing?

           A. stop          B. to stop         C. stops          D. stopped

 (    )55. Could you tell me _________?

     A. how old is your son                 B. that he will come here soon.

     C. whether is it fine tomorrow.  D. who is going to speak at the meeting

Almost 55,000 people who have had a major impact on British society are profiled in a new 60-volume book that has taken 12 years to compile.

It has cost more than ￡25million and taken 10,000 writers to update the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.

Murder victims Stephen Lawrence and James Bulger are among those joining the likes of Queen Victoria and Gandhi.

The new version of the dictionary, which was founded in 1882, costs ￡7,500 and takes up 12 feet of shelf space.

Projects director Robert Faber said Stephen Lawrence was included because his death triggered "dramatic developments in British policing and social policy".

Women make up 10% of the entries - double the previous share - and include Queen Elizabeth I, Dusty Springfield, Linda McCartney and Virginia Woolf, whose father compiled the first edition.

Alongside the famous names are lesser known individuals such as the inventor of snooker, army reservist(预备役军人)Neville Chamberlain.

Stephen Lawrence and James Bulger were both included because of the "overwhelming soul-searching(真挚的自我反省、深思)and examination of education and social policy" which followed their deaths.

Mr Faber said: "These are not just people who were killed but people who had an impact. Jill Dando is there as much for her career but also because her death became a public event.

"So many of these people have seized the public imagination and have contributed to public debate." 

How much does a volume of the new version cost on average?

       A．More than ￡25million.       B．More than ￡400, 000.

       C．￡7, 500.               D． ￡125.

How many women are profiled in the New Oxford Dictionary of National Biography?

       A．About 5.   B．About 55.   C．About 550.          D． About 5500.

It can be inferred that Jill Dando _____.

       A．died in a case of murder which drew the public much attention

       B．isn’t included in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

       C．is the director of the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

       D． is included in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography only for her death

_____ are collected in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.

       A．Those who were murdered in history     B．Those who have shaped Britain

       C．Those who are famous all over the world D． Those who live in Britain

Almost 55,000 people who have had a major impact on British society are profiled in a new 60-volume book that has taken 12 years to compile.
It has cost more than ￡25 million and taken 10,000 writers to update the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.
Murder victims Stephen Lawrence and James Bulger are among those joining the likes of Queen Victoria and Gandhi.
The new version of the dictionary, which was founded in 1882, costs ￡7,500 and takes up 12 feet of shelf space.
Projects director Robert Faber said Stephen Lawrence was included because his death triggered "dramatic developments in British policing and social policy".
Women make up 10% of the entries - double the previous share - and include Queen Elizabeth I, Dusty Springfield, Linda McCartney and Virginia Woolf, whose father compiled the first edition.
Alongside the famous names are lesser known individuals such as the inventor of snooker, army reservist (预备役军人) Neville Chamberlain.
Stephen Lawrence and James Bulger were both included because of the "overwhelming soul-searching (真挚的自我反省、深思) and examination of education and social policy" which followed their deaths.
Mr Faber said: "These are not just people who were killed but people who had an impact. Jill Dando is there as much for her career but also because her death became a public event.
"So many of these people have seized the public imagination and have contributed to public debate."？

【小题1】

A．About 5. B．About 55. C．About 550. D． About 5500.

【小题2】It can be inferred that Jill Dando _____.

A．died in a case of murder which drew the public much attention

B．isn’t included in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

C．is the director of the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

D．is included in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography only for her death

【小题3】_____ are collected in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.

A．Those who were murdered in history	B．Those who have shaped Britain
C．Those who are famous all over the world	D．Those who live in Britain

【小题4】How much does a volume of the new version cost on average?

A．More than ￡25million.

B．More than ￡400, 000.

C．￡7, 500.

D．￡125