A 95­year­old American woman named Nola Ochs is the oldest college graduate in 40.________ (历史). She loves learning all her life though her 41.________ (教育) was interrupted several times. There is an English proverb, “It's never 42.________ old to learn.” The oldest college graduate is 43.i________ in learning and she has 44.s________ a good example for us young students. I need to work harder at my lessons so 45.________ one day my dream will 46.c________ true. My deskmate Zhang Hong is a top student in my grade. 47.W________ impresses me most is that she uses every minute she can 48.________ (腾出) to study. It's time for me to learn 49.________ the old woman and catch up with Zhang Hong.

What exactly is a lie ?Is it anything we say which we know is untrue ?Or is it something more than that ?For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say “I wish I could help you, but I am short of money myself.” In fact , you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie ?
Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a “white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it’s terrible. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise that they have no intention of carrying out. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at :the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.
Research has been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now”. They also tend to touch certain parts of the face, particularly the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The tip of the nose  is very sensitive to changes and the increased pressure makes it itch.
Another gesture that gives liars away is what the writer Decmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls the “mouth cover”. He says that there are several typical forms of this ,such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side off the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious(未察觉的) attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself from lying.
Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth , moving about in a chair can not be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to happen more often in this situation. It is one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things , and in particular the context(上下文) which the lie is told.
【小题1】According to the passage, a white lie seems to be a lie ______.

阅读理解

　　In my opinion, the Indian struggle for freedom bears in its consequences(结果)not only upon India and England but upon the whole world. It contains one fifth of the human race. It represents one of the most ancient civilizations. It has traditions handed down from tens of thousands of years, some of which, to the astonishment of the world, remain intact. No doubt the ravages of time have affected the purity of that civilization as they have that of many other cultures and many institutions.

　　If India is to revive the glory of her ancient past, she can only do so when she attains(获得)her freedom. The reason for the struggle having drawn the attention of the world, I know, does not lie in the fact that we Indians are fighting for our liberty, but in the fact that the means adopted by us for attaining that liberty are unique and, as far as history shows us, have not been adopted by any other people of whom we have any record.

　　The means adopted are not violence, not bloodshed, not diplomacy(外交)as one understands it nowadays, but they are purely and simply truth and non－violence. No wonder that the attention of the world is directed toward this attempt to lead a successful bloodless revolution. Hitherto, nations have fought in the manner of the brute. They have wreaked vengeance upon those whom they have considered to be their enemies.

　　We find in searching national anthems adopted by great nations that they contain imprecautions upon the so－called enemy. They have vowed destruction and have not hesitated to take the name of God and seek divine assistance for the destruction of the enemy. We in India have endeavored to reverse the process. We feel that the law that, governs brute creation is not the law that should guide the human race. That law is inconsistent with human dignity.

　　I, personally, would wait, if need be, for ages rather than seek to attain the freedom of my country through bloody means. I feel in the innermost of my heart, after a political extending over an unbroken period of close upon thirty－five years, that the world is sick into death of bloodspilling. The world is seeking a way out, and I flatter myself with the belief that perhaps it will be the privilege of the ancient land of India to show the way out to the hungering world. (Gandhi)

1．What is Gandhi's main purpose in the passage?

[　　]

A．To demonstrate that India represents one of the most ancient civilizations.

B．To demonstrate that India has to struggle for her freedom in order to revive the glory of her ancient past.

C．To demonstrate that the means to achieve freedom should nor be violent.

D．To demonstrate that the national anthems adopted by great nations contain imprecations upon the so－called enemy.

2．According to Gandhi, why India's struggle for freedom have drawn the attention of the world?

[　　]

A．India has traditions handed down from tens of thousands of years.

B．The means adopted by the Indians for attaining the liberty are non－violent.

C．The Indians are fighting for their liberty.

D．It is a struggle to revive the glory of India's ancient past.

3．According to the third paragraph, India is attempting to ________.

[　　]

A．lead a successful bloodshed revolution

B．achieve freedom by means of diplomacy

C．achieve freedom by means which are purely and simply truth and non－violence

D．wreaked vengeance upon those whom the Indians have considered to be their enemies

4．In the fourth paragraph, Gandhi uses the national anthems of great nations to demonstrate that ________.

[　　]

A．until then, nations have fought in the W anner of the brute

B．the Indians feel that the law that governs brute creation is not the law that should guide the human race

C．that the law that governs brute is inconsistent with human indignity

D．that Indians are endeavoring to reverse the process

5．Which of the following statements is FALSE?

[　　]

A．Gandhi would not seek to attain the freedom of his country through bloody means.

B．Gandhi feels that the world is sick into death of bloodspilling.

C．Gandhi believes that India will be able to solve the problem of famine in the world.

D．Gandhi believes that India will have the privilege to show the world the way out of bloodspilling.