11. would have
thought 本身也是虚拟语气,表示谁会想到,或原本会以为![]()
Who would have thought
to see you here. 谁会想到在这里碰到你![]()
Who would have thought
of such a thing. 谁会想到这样的事![]()
Who would have thought
she’d end up dancing for a living.谁会想到她最后落得靠跳舞谋生![]()
10. would think 本身就是虚拟语气,表示会认为,想到.
Anyone would think you
were in love with the girl. 谁都会认为你是爱上了这个姑娘![]()
anyone would think he
owns the place, the way he talks. 听他这样谈话谁都会认为他是这里的老板![]()
9. as it were 常插在句子中,表示‘姑且这样说,可说是’这类的意思
He is a grown-up baby,
as it were . 他可说是一个大孩子了![]()
He became, as it were a
kind of hero from a strange land. 他仿佛成了一个来自异乡的英雄![]()
he was, as it were ,
intoxicated by the soft air and sunshine of spring. 他可说是被春天的和风和阳光陶醉了![]()
8.
need / needn’t
+ have done 结构也可以表示虚拟语气,作‘本来有/没有必要做某事’ ![]()
7. 不定式的完成时用在 intend , mean , plan ,
suppose 等动词后,表示原打算做而实际未能做而实际未能做成的事,因而含有虚拟的意思![]()
6. need “不必做”和“本不必做”
didn't need to do表示过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做;needn't have done表示过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了![]()
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need to walk back home.
约翰开车去车站接玛丽,所以她不必步行回家了![]()
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back home.
约翰开车去车站接玛丽,所以她本不必步行回家了。
(Mary步行回家了,没有遇上John的车
)
[典型例题]
There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn't have hurried B. couldn't have hurried
C. must not hurry D. needn't have hurried
[解析] D needn't have
done. 意为"本不必",即已经做了某事,而时实际上不必要。Mustn't have done 用法不正确,对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done, "不可能已经"。must not do 不可以(用于一般现在时)![]()
5. but 或 but that 表达的含蓄条件的特殊含义
but 或 but that 做“如果不……”解,意思相当与“if not”,其后面不可接虚拟模式,应接陈述式的现在时动词或过去时动词,即‘but that + 主语 + 现在时动词 / 过去式动词’,而主句要用虚拟式。
But that you help him ,
he would fail . 如果没有你的帮助,他会失败的![]()
But that you helped him
, he would have failed . 如果没有你的帮助,他早就失败了![]()
4. 比较if only与only if
only if表示"只有";if only则表示"如果……就好了"。If only引起的句子,一般过去时或would+动词原形表示现在或未来事实相反,过去完成时表示与过去事实相反,也可用于陈述语气![]()
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了,我才会醒。
If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响就好了。
If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来![]()
If only we knew where to
look for him. 我们要是知道到哪里去找他就好了![]()
If only I had listened
to my parents. 要是我听取了父母的话该多好啊![]()
3. 虚拟语气用在It is(about /high)time +that定语从句中
在It
is(about/high)time +that定语从句中需用虚拟语气,表示“该做……的时候了”,其动词形式用一般过去时或should +动词原形![]()
It's already 5 o'clock now,Don't you think it's about time we went home?已经5点钟了,你不认为我们应该回家了吗?
[点拨]①在this is the first time /second time that...句型中,从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态
Is this the first time that you have visited Hongkong?这是你第一次参观香港吗?
②It's time to do something有别于It's time that...
2. 虚拟语气用在It is +过去分词+that的主语从句中
在It is +过去分词+that的主语从句中,常用虚拟语气,表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向,谓语用 should +动词原形或省略should只用动词原形。这类过去分词有:decided,demanded,desired,insisted,ordered,proposed,suggested,recommended,requested, required等。
It is desired that we(should)get everything ready this evening.希望我们今晚一切都准备就绪。
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