4. 其它短语：

①take action (on)采取措施； 采取行动_{K^S*5U.C#O%下}

The government has promised to take swift action on its energy crisis.政府已经答应就能源危机迅速采取措施。

At the same time, they are taking strong action to protect the wildlife.同时，他们正采取强有力的措施来保护野生动物。

②at ease舒适； 自由自在

I feel at ease with my friend.我和朋友们在一起感到自在。

③intend to想要； 打算

I intended to study abroad after graduation.我打算毕业后去国外留学。

④introduce …to/into…把……介绍给……； 把……引入/传入……

A visit to the museum introduced the class to modern art.参观博物馆令全班同学认识了现代艺术

Tea was introduced into other countries from China.茶是从中国传入其他国家的。

3. lose face丢脸； 丢面子

Failing in the exam made me lose face.

In order not to lose face, he decided not to tell the truth.

拓展与练习： lose face, lose heart, lose weight, lose touch (with), lose sight (of), lose one’s heart (to), lose one’s way, lose ones’ temper

1)The banker ___________________ when people found out the he bet on horse racing.

2)The steam had won no games and it ____________________.

3)She __________________ to the soldier with the broad shoulders and deep voice.

4)It’s no good _________________ over such things.

5)Don’t ___________________ in the storm when it’s dark.

6)I watched the plane go higher and higher until I ________________ it.

7)He ____________________ his family after the earthquake last week.

8)The doctor advised John to _________________.

2. close to(时间\空间等)接近； 靠近

The bank is close to the supermarket.

There is a bus-stop close to our school.

close to还可以表示：

(1)亲近的； 亲密的a close friend

(2)几乎； 几近 close to 6 o’clock

拓展：close与closely(作副词)

The ship kept close to the coast.(=near)

He looked at the portrait more closely.(=carefully)

考点例题：

1)First cousins are considered ________________ relations.

2)He was following _______________ behind.

3)She listened ___________________ while he read.

4)Scientists believe the warming of the planet is ______________ connected to the mount of pollution we generate.

1. be likely to很可能……； 有希望……

Are you likely to arrive in time?

She likely to ring me tonight.

likely既可以用人也可以用物作主语，除了用于be likely to外，还经常用于It’s likely that…句型,这时,它等于It’s possible/probable that…, 如：

It’s likely/ possible /probable that the teacher will say no to our proposal.老师可能否决我们的提议。

但是,possible和probable的主语都不能是人, 如不能说：She is possible/ probable to ring me tonight.

考点例题：likely, possible, probable.

1)I’ll help you if ___________________.

2)He is _________________ to ring me tonight to discuss the plan.

3)It is _____________ , though not ___________ that he will come tomorrow.

5. involve vt.包括； 使陷于

Giving advice at the right time has to involve a great deal of intelligence in.

They are deeply involved in debt.

拓展：

involve with“和……混在一起； 和……有密切关系”

Don’t involve yourself with those people.

注：involvement n.连累，包含

4. cloth n.布；衣料

How much cloth does it take to make a blouse for this girl?

Pass the cloth, please. I want to clean the window.

拓展：cloth, clothe, clothes, clothing

(1)cloth为名词，指“衣料”时是不可数名词，作“(特殊用途的)布”时，是可数名词，如：a table cloth； a dish-cloth

(2)clothe动词，给“给……穿衣，为……提供衣物”，如：

He has to work hard to feed and clothe his large family.

(3)clothes为名词，指“衣服\服装”；包括“上衣\裤子\内衣”等，是复数名词，没有单数,不能直接和连词连用,后面要接复数动词,如：

These new clothes are all for her.

(4)clothing为名词, 指“总称衣服\被褥”，还包括“帽子\鞋袜”等，没有复数形式，后面跟单数动词，如：

Our clothing protects us from cold.

A coat is a clothing.

考点例题：

1)We have enough food and ____________________ for the winter.

2)She’s got many beautiful　 _________________.

3)Now they are able to feed and _____________________ their children better.

4)_______________________ can be made from any kind of _________________ including wool and cotton.

5)How much _________________________ will I need to make a pair of trousers?

3. charge vt.(for)收费； n.(收取的)费用

This hotel charged me 5 pounds for a room for a night.

As long as you’ve paid in advance, we won’t charge you for delivery.

The charge for a front-low seat is 5 pounds.

拓展：

(1)charge作“控诉；指控”用时，常与with连用，如：

He was charged with murder.

(2)charge作理工作“主管； 掌管”用时，常用于：

in charge of主管； 看管_{K^S*5U.C#O%下}

in/under the charge of在……掌管下

take charge of 掌管； 负责； 看管

考点例题：

How much do you ___________ for your eggs?

A. take　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. charge 　　　　　　　　　　 C. cost 　　　　　　　　　　　 D. spent

I’ll be ___________ the whole factory next week when the director’s away.

A. in the charge of 　　　　 B. took charge of 　　　　 C. in charge of

2. avoid vt.避免；消除(+n./doing)

We should learn how to avoid making the same mistakes.

To avoid getting lost, you should always follow us.

拓展：只能用v. -ing作宾语的动词有：imagine, escape, can’t help, enjoy, miss, allow, advise, consider, delay, excuse, feel like, finish, forbid, give up, keep, mind, permit, practice, put off, suggest等

Do you mind their making noise here?

考点例题：

学校禁止学生抽烟

________________________________________________________________.

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

1. touch vt.触摸； 接触；(使)感动

The branches of that big tree hung down and touched the water.

Visitors are requested not to touch the paintings.

The hero’s speech touched the entire audience.

拓展：touch还可以作名词，常用于以下短语中：

get in touch with和……取得联系

keep in touch with 和……保持联系

lose touch (with) 和……失去联系

14. (上海春卷23)已知首项为的数列满足(为常数)。

(1)若对于任意的，有对于任意的都成立，求的值；

(2)当时，若，数列是递增数列还是递减数列？请说明理由；

(3)当确定后，数列由其首项确定，当时，通过对数列的探究，写出“是有穷数列”的一个真命题(不必证明)。