分析 一项对麻雀睡眠的研究表明,睡眠和学习能力之间的关系可能比认识到的更复杂.
威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的尼尔斯C•拉特堡希望了解麻雀如何应对如此少的睡眠.他和他的团队将八只野生鸟类带入实验室,并观察了一年.他们发明了一种游戏,以检查鸟类可以学到多好.在游戏中,麻雀不得不以一定的顺序啄三个按钮来获得食物.科学家发现,鸟类学习正确的按钮的能力顺序依赖于两件事:一年的时间和鸟的睡眠量.
在迁徙季节,麻雀在夜间表现不安,睡眠比平时少得多.即使如此,他们也能够知道如何快速获得食物,就像他们有一个规律的睡眠一样.在迁移季节之外,他们发现麻雀比平常睡得更少,学习如何获得食物的能力比有定期睡眠的鸟更困难.
结果表明,麻雀在迁移季节可以比平常有更少的睡眠.如果科学家可以找到原因,他们可以向麻雀学习,并找到帮助人们处理更少的睡眠的方法.直到科学家完全理解睡眠和学习之间的关系,最好是在准备考试时获得充足的睡眠.
解答 31.D.判断推理题.根据If scientists can find out why,they may learn from sparrows and find ways of helping people deal with getting much less sleep可知,并不知道麻雀为什么在迁徙季节如何处理睡眠不足的问题.故选D.
32.B.判断推理题.根据it's better to get plenty of sleep when preparing for an exam可知,考试前保持足够的睡眠是最好的.故选B.
33.A.文章主旨题.通过阅读全文可知,本文是科学家通过研究麻雀的睡眠来揭示睡眠和学习的关系.故选A.
点评 做题时先把文章快速通读一遍抓住其大意.对于涉及细节理解的题目,要结合问题从文中找到与之相关的句子,抓住关键词和细节进行选择,和选项进行比对快速选出答案.必要时要联系上下文,即可选出正确答案.
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