6.One of the easiest and cheapest ways to help your health is just to sleep eight hours or more every night,but more and more people in the world are not sleeping enough.According to the World Health Organization,over half the people in the world may be sleep-deprived.The result of this is not just a lot of tired people; in the United States alone,sleepy drivers cause at least 100,000car accidents,and 1,500deaths a year.Problems with sleep can also cause mental (心理的) problems,as well as medical problems such as high blood pressure and heart problems.
American culture values work and often doesn't value sleep.In fact,people who sleep a lot are often called"lazy".Many famous men say proudly,"I only have time to sleep four or five hours a night."Students,especially college students,often sleep only a few hours a night.They often say,"I'm used to sleeping only a little."
But according to experts,sleep is like money.If you sleep only five hours a day,you don't"get used to it",but instead,build up a"sleep deficit (亏损)"."It's like a credit card (a card used to buy things or services),"says Dr.James Maas,"You are only borrowing time.You always have to pay it back."The more hours you don't sleep,the more hours you should sleep to"pay back"the hours on your"sleep credit card".For example,if you sleep four hours on Monday and then sleep eight hours on Tuesday,on Wednesday you will still have a"sleep deficit"of four hours.This deficit can continue for months or even years.People with a"sleep deficit"are sleep-deprived.Driving and making decisions can be dangerous for these people.
Another research shows people should sleep nine or ten hours every nght.More than half the people in the world may be running a"sleep deficit".You didn't do your homework last night?Maybe you can tell your teacher that you were working hard on your sleep deficit.
"Don't think you will be doing less work because you sleep during the day.That's a foolish idea which is held by people who have no imagination.You will be able to do more,"said Winston Churchill.
51.How many hours do we need to sleep every day if we want to keep healthy?D
A.7.
B.6.
C.11.
D.8.
52.What does the underlined word"sleep-deprived"mean?C
A.Easily sleepy.
B.Having difficulties falling asleep.
C.Short of sleep.
D.Afraid of sleeping.
53.From the passage we know sleep-deprived peopleD.
A.are easily tired
B.most likely cause traffic accidents
C.can have both mental and medical problems
D.have all the above problems
54.What Winston Churchill said meansD.
A.sleep more during the day,work more at night
B.sleep during the day influences your work
C.people who sleep during the day have no imagination
D.sleep during the day is helpful to your work
55.Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?A
A.Sleep and Health
B.The Less Sleep,the More Danger
C.Work Less,Sleep More
D.Pay Back Your Sleep Hours.
分析 每晚最少保证八个小时的睡眠是保证你的健康的最简单有效的方法.但是世界上越来越多的人没有足够的睡眠.世界卫生组织调查发现一半以上的世界人口睡眠不足.这个问题的结果不仅仅是人们的疲劳.仅仅是美国疲劳驾驶每年造成至少100,000起交通事故1500人死亡.睡眠问题也会导致和疾病和心理问题,例如高血压和心脏病.
美国文化价值观和习惯不重视睡眠.实际上,一个人如果睡太多会被称之为懒.许多名人自豪的说:"我一晚上只睡四五个小时."学生,尤其是大学生每晚只能睡几个小时.他们经常说:"我习惯于只睡一点."但是专家认为,睡眠就像是金钱.詹姆斯.马斯博士认为:如果你每天只睡五个小时,你不是习惯于它而是建立一个睡眠赤字.它就像是一张信用卡."你只是在预支时间,总有一天你要还回去."你睡眠越少,你需要向你的睡眠信用卡支付的时间越多.假如,你星期一睡四个小时,星期二睡八个小时.在星期三你仍将有一个四小时的睡眠赤字.这个赤字可能会持续几个月甚至是几年.有睡眠赤字的人被剥夺了睡眠,驾驶和做决定对这些人来说是危险的.
另一个调查表明人每晚需要睡九个或者十个小时.世界上一半以上的人在运行着睡眠赤字.昨晚你没写作业?也许你可以告诉老师你很缺乏睡眠.
"不要认为因为你白天睡眠你会做少的工作.没有想象力的人才会有这么愚蠢的想法.你可能会做的更多."温斯顿丘吉尔说.
解答 51.D细节理解题.根据第一句One of the easiest and cheapest ways to help your health is just to sleep eight hours or more every night可知每晚最少保证八个小时的睡眠才能保证健康,故选D.
52.C词义猜测题.根据文章后面几句都是在介绍睡眠不足的危害,可以推断出此处应该是:世界卫生组织调查发现一半以上的世界人口睡眠不足,故选C.
53.D细节理解题.根据第一段The result of this is not just a lot of tired people; in the United States alone,sleepy drivers cause at least 100,000car accidents,and 1,500deaths a year.Problems with sleep can also cause mental (心理的) problems,as well as medical problems such as high blood pressure and heart problems可知睡眠不足不仅仅是疲劳,还可能引起交通事故,疾病和心理问题,故选D.
54.D细节理解题.根据最后一段Don't think you will be doing less work because you sleep during the day可知 Winston Churchill 的意思是白天的睡眠也是有帮助的,故选D.
55.A主旨大意题,根据文章内容可知本文介绍的就是睡眠和健康的问题,故选A.
点评 做题时要在理解好文意的基础上,与题目有机的结合,从文章中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细比对,进行选择或推理判断,选出符合文章内容的正确选项.做题注意灵活,有时可采用排除法或直选法确定出最终答案.