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12.Are some people born clever,and others born stupid?Or is intelligence (智力) developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough,the answer to these questions is yes.In some degree,our intelligence is given to us at birth,and no education can make a talent out of a child bor with low intelligence.On the other hand,a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich environment.Therefore,the limits of person's intelligence are fixed at birth,whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.This point of view,no is held by most experts.
It is easy to show that intelligence is something that we are born with.The closer the blood relationship between two people,the closer they are likely to be intelligence.If we take two strangers by chance from the population,it seems that their degree of intelligence will be completely different.If,on the other hand,we compare two twins,they will very likely be as intelligent as each other.Relations like brothers and sisters parents and children,usually have similar intelligence,and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two twins and put them in different environments.We might send one,for example,to a university and the other to a factory separately where the work is boring.We would soon find differences in intelligence developing,and this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important role.This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact (接触) with each other,but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.

51.How is man's intelligence given?C
A.At birth              
B.Through education
C.Both at birth and through education    
D.Neither at birth nor through education
52.What does the underlined word mean in the first paragraph?A
A.确定       
B.修理     
C.稳固     
D.安排
53.According the passage,if a child is born with low intelligence,what might happen to him later?C
A.Become a genius.
B.Still become a genius if he should be given special education.
C.Reach his intelligence limits in rich environment.
D.Never reach his intelligence in his life.
54.What can we learn from the example of the twins going to a university and to a factory?B
A.The importance of their intelligence.
B.The role of environment on intelligence.
C.The importance of their jobs
D.The part that birth plays
55.What statement is TRUE according to the passage?D
A.No education can help make a genius.
B.Personality is important as intelligence which was given to people at birth.
C.People who have similar degree of intelligence must be relatives.
D.Environment influences people in intelligence developing.

分析 有些人生来聪明,而有些人生来很笨吗?或者智力的发展是由环境和我们的经验决定的吗?奇怪的是,这些问题的答案是"是".从某种程度来讲,我们出生的时候就有了智力,没有任何教育可以把一个笨小孩转变为聪明的孩子.另一方面,生活在无聊环境中的孩子的智力不如生活在丰富环境中的孩子高.因此,人的智力是在出生的时候就已经确定了,他能否达到最高的智力取决于他生长的环境.现在大多数专家认同这种观点.
我们很容易证明智力是与生俱来的.两个人之间的血缘关系越近,他们的智力就越可能相同.如果我们从人群中随机抽取两个人,似乎他们的智力水平是完全不同的.另一方面,如果我们比较两个双胞胎的智力水平,他们很可能是相同的.像兄弟和姐妹、父母和孩子之间的智力通常是一样的,这清楚地表明智力是与生俱来的.
想象一下,现在我们将两个双胞胎置于不同的环境中.例如,我们让其中的一个进入大学,另一个到一个工厂做一些无聊的工作.我们很快会发现他们之间智力发展的差异,这显示环境和出生一样对智力的发展起着重要作用.这也从另一个侧面证实相互密切接触、但毫无关联的人也会有相同的智力程度.

解答 51.答案:C.细节理解题.根据Therefore,the limits of person's intelligence are fixed at birth,whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.可知,你能够有多聪明是生来就已经决定的,但是你能不能达到最聪明的程度还要看你所处的环境,因此该题的答案为C.
52.答案:A.词义猜测题.根据whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.This point of view,no is held by most experts.他能否达到最高的智力取决于他生长的环境.现在大多数专家认同这种观点.可知,智力出生就已经确定了.因此答案是A.
53.答案:C.细节理解题.根据whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment.他能否达到最高的智力取决于他生长的环境.可知,答案是C.
54.答案:B.细节理解题.this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important role.这显示环境和出生一样对智力的发展起着重要作用.可知,答案是B.
55.答案:D.细节理解题.根据Or is intelligence (智力) developed by our environment and our experience?Strangely enough,the answer to these questions is yes.或者智力的发展是由环境和我们的经验决定的吗?奇怪的是,这些问题的答案是"是".可知,D选项环境在影响人智力发展.是正确的.答案是D.

点评 阅读题型,要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解.根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题.

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