阅读理解。

　　Eating in space is different from eating on the earth．The food that astronauts bring with them is not the same food they eat on the earth．

　　Some food is carried in closed bags．It is cooked and frozen before an astronaut goes into space．All the water is taken from the food．In the spaceship, the astronaut puts the water back．He“shoots”hot or cold water into the food bag with a special gun．He eats the food through a small hole in the bag．

　　Other food comes in bite-size．The astronaut puts a whole piece in his mouth quickly．There can be no crumbs(碎屑)．Crumbs would float around the capsule(太空舱)and get in the way．Meat, cakes and other kinds of food often come in bite-size pieces．

　　Astronauts cannot drink water from open cups．Water will fly in drops in the air．The water is kept in the special gun．The astronaut shoots the water into his mouth．

　　Eating and drinking in space is not easy．Astronauts must learn to eat and drink this way．

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阅读理解。

　　Young Thomas Jefferson did all the work of writing this document in the Committee of Continental Congress(大陆会议)．This happened very often and Jefferson was good at doing such matters．He was also a skillful writer who had already written several important papers on political subjects．Jefferson started the work happily and wrote what he called an“expression of the American mind”．He worked for two full days on the famous document that is well-known today－the Declaration of Independence(美国独立宣言)．

　　The Declaration is made up of three parts．The first part talks about the justice(正义)of a revolution when a government takes away from its people certain basic rights．The second part lists a series of facts proving that George Ⅲ who was the king in Britain was a poor king．The third part is a ringing declaration of independence, and it also called upon the members of the Congress to defend(保卫)the young nation with their lives, their fortunes and their honour．The Declaration was finally agreed on by the Congress on July 4,1774．

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　　In England, people often talk about the weather because they can experience four seasons in one day．In the morning the weather is warm just like in spring．An hour later black clouds come and then it rains hard．The weather gets a little cold．In the late afternoon the sky will be sunny, the sun will begin to shine, and it will be summer at this time of a day．

　　In England, people can also have summer in winter, or have winter in summer．So in winter they can swim sometimes, and in summer sometimes they should take warm clothes．

　　When you go to England, you will see that some English people usually take an umbrella or a raincoat with them in the sunny morning, but you should not laugh at them．

　　If you don't take an umbrella or a raincoat, you will regret(后悔)later in the day．

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The following is a travel advertisement(广告)．

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阅读理解。

　　Suppose a man has a car accident．He is hurt badly and is unconscious, that is, he can't think, speak, or hear．His family takes him to the hospital．The doctors tell the family that his brain is dead．A machine can make him breathe．

　　Now the patient's family must answer some difficult questions．Should they think he is dead?Should they ask the doctors to use the machine to make him breathe? Sometimes machines can make an unconscious person breathe for years．However if his brain is dead, he will never think, speak, or hear again．Then, should his family ask the doctors not to use the machine and let him die?

　　Someone who is unconscious can't say he wants to die．Can his family say this for him?Some people think this is a good idea．Some think not．

　　Many people are hurt when machines keep a person alive．The unconscious person doesn't know it．Machines only make the family and friends hurt longer．

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阅读理解。

　　Experts say that students usually need eight to ten hours' sleep at night, but more Chinese students do not get enough sleep．Some Chinese parents are usually glad to see their children studying late．They will think their children work very hard．But not all parents are happy about this．Once a mother told us that every morning her 10-year-old boy put up one finger with his eyes still closed, begging for one more minute to sleep．Like thousands of student“early birds”in China, he has to get up before six every morning．A report shows that if they don't have a good night's sleep, students seem to be weaker than they should be．Many students have fallen asleep during class at one time or another．Too much homework is not the only reason(原因) why students stay up late．Some watch TV or play the computer games late into the night．

　　Experts have ever said that students should develop good study habits(习惯)．So some clever students never study late, they are able to work well in class．

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阅读理解。

　　Do you know when and how the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)started?

　　In 1859, during the war time, a Swiss man named Henry Dunant passed a town in Italy where many soldiers had been wounded．Dunant thought they should be cared for．A Swiss organization used his idea in 1863．When the organization became international, it was named the International Committee of the Red Cross．

　　ICRC's emblem is a red cross on a white ground(衬底)．People use it as a sign for army doctors．There are ICRC offices in many countries around the world now．12,000 ICRC workers are helping people in more than 80 countries．

　　In China, there is an organization named the China Red Cross Society(CRCS)．It is a part of ICRC．It started in 1904, and the year before last was CRCS's one hundredth anniversary．Most of the people in CRCS are either full-time workers or volunteers．CRCS also has organizations in many schools．Student members learn to look up to the elderly and to help the weak．They are also taught to give medical care to people who are in danger．

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阅读理解。

　　We are a non-profit(非营利性)organization．We have volunteer jobs for people of all ages．Anyone, from twelve-year-old children to people in their eighties, can become a volunteer．

　　You can help people in many ways．School need help with taking care of children while parents are working．Hospitals need volunteers to look after children while their parents see a doctor．Animal lovers can help take care of those dogs and cats without homes．There is something for everyone．

　　“As a volunteer, I don't want to get anything．Seeing the children's happy faces, I am happy too,”said Carlos Domingo, an old woman of 62．

　　“I often played computer games in my spare time before．Now I help older people learn how to use computers．”said another volunteer at the age of 18．

　　If everyone helps a bit, we'll all have a better world to live in．

　　Interested?Call us on 1-800-555-5756．Or visit our website：www.active, com．

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阅读理解。

　　Since the earliest times, trees have always been very useful and important to man who made use of them in many ways．Even today trees continue to serve man so many ways．

　　Trees provide man with fruits and buildings in the form of wood．Without trees it would be impossible to build houses, boats and even bridges．Furniture(家具)such as tables, chairs and beds is made of wood．

　　In the tropics(热带地区)where it is very hot all through the year, trees protect man from the terrible heat．They are also useful in preventing good and rich top soil from being washed away during heavy rains which are so common in the tropics．

　　If there were no trees or vegetation(植被)of some kinds to hold back the soil with their roots soil, heavy rains would wash away the rich top soil that is so important and necessary to crops．The result is that the land becomes a desert．

　　There are so many desert areas in the world．A long time ago these desert areas must have been very rich soil areas, but since the people in the past hadn't enough knowledge about science of nature, they cut down all the trees in the areas where they lived and never planted new ones．By and by, the rich top soil was blown away and washed away by strong winds and heavy rains．In the end the land was turned into useless deserts where nothing could grow．

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阅读理解。

　　An astronaut(宇航员)is walking about the moon．On his back, he wears a backpack．The backpack gives him oxygen he needs when breathing．It also gives him the temperature his body needs．And the radio in it helps him talk to other people．

　　Under his spacesuit he wears long underwear．It is covered with small tubes．Cool water runs through the tubes．In the day, when the temperature is over 200, the astronaut feels good in the cool underwear．

　　There is no air on the moon．The spacesuit is filled with oxygen．At night the temperature is as low as 200 below zero．The spacesuit can keep the astronaut warm．

　　This spacesuit makes it easy for the astronaut to move about．If he falls, he can roll over and get up by himself．With his special gloves, he can pick up things as small as coins．

　　The astronaut's helmet(头盔)has two covers that he can take off easily．One cover keeps out harmful rays in space．Another is used as a pair of sunglasses．

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