Younger adults who get either little sleep or a lot of it may see a greater increase in their waistlines (腰围)
over time, a study suggests.
    The study included 332 African-American and 775 Hispanic-American (西班牙裔美国人) men and women
aged 18 to 81. The researchers measured their abdominal(腹部的) fat, at the start of the study and again five
years later.
    Among the people younger than 40 in the research, the study found, those who said they slept for five hours or less each night gained more fat than those who averaged six or seven hours of sleep. Those who slept eight
hours or more in bed each night also showed a bigger fat gain-but it was not as much as that seen in "short
sleepers " .
    The findings, according to the lead researcher Dr Kristen, support the belief that sleep habits affect weight,
and health in general. " Sleep is an important part of your overall health-not just in whether you're tired during
the day," he said.
     As for why sleep time might affect abdominal-fat gain, there are several facts:
     People who get too little sleep may be too tired during the day to exercise, while those who spend a lot of
time in bed may spend less time being active, comparing to people who sleep fewer hours. Research also
suggests that sleep loss changes people's appetite-regulating hormones (胃口调节荷尔蒙)-which could, in
theory, make them overeat.
     What's more, depression, which is a feeling of sadness that makes people think there is no hope for the
future, could also be a reason. He also noted that it often affects people's sleep and has been linked to weight
gain.

1. ___ will get less fat gain according to the passage.

A. Younger adults who sleep for five hours or less
B. People who sleep more than 8 hours every day
C. Younger adults who are from Africa or America
D. People who sleep about six or seven hours a day

2.  The underlined word "that" refers to____.

A. a fat gain
B. sleep habits
C. too little sleep
D. too much sleep

3. What can we leam from the passage?

A. The more we sleep, the more energetic we will be.
B. The less we sleep every day, the less fat we will get.
C. Those who are in sadness could easily get a bigger fat gain.
D. The African and Hispanic adults easily get a greater weight gain.

    The sea looks very beautiful when the sun is shining on it. But people are afraid of it when there is a strong
wind.
    The sea is very big. It covers （覆盖）three quarters of the earth. The sea is also very deep （深）in some
places. There is one place in the sea. It is about 11 kilometers deep there. The highest mountain （山）in the
world is about 9 kilometers high. If we put the mountain into the sea at that place, there is about 2 kilometers
of water above it.
    In most parts of the sea, there are a lot of fishes and small living （有生命的）things.
    Lots of fishes eat them. The sea can be very cold. When people go down, the sea becomes colder and colder.
Only some men can go down into the deep sea. But in 1970, five women lived in the deep sea for fourteen days.

1. Why are people afraid of the sea?

[     ]

A. Because the sea is very big.
B. Because the sea is very deep.
C. Because there is a strong wind sometimes.
D. Because the sea will cover the land.

2. Lots of fishes ______.

[     ]

A. don't come out of the sea because it's too hot
B. can't live in the deep sea
C. have enough food because they are good at fishing
D. can eat the small living things if they're hungry

3. In 1970, five women lived in the deep sea for 14 days. This showed ______.

[     ]

A. living in the deep sea was interesting
B. the sea was not cold at all
C. women could do things as men
D. people wanted to know how cold it was

4. Which of the following is NOT true?

[     ]

A. The sea sometimes is very beautiful.
B. Only a quarter of the earth is land.
C. There are a lot of fishes in the sea.
D. If people go down into the sea, they will feel warmer and warmer.

     Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. Not many people realize this but it is quite
true. The human (人类的) body goes without food for a long time, but two or three days without water usually
results in death.
     Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs to work properly and many people
do not drink enough, especially in hot weather. Most people drink when they are thirsty, but we often need
more water, especially if we have been taking exercise.
     A man's body is 65 to 75 percent of water. Most people need about five to seven liters of water every day,
but we do not need to drink this amount (数量) because a lot comes from the food we eat. Or we do not have
enough water, we feel thirsty and may become ill. Do you know what the best drink is? Yes, cold water.

1. Which of the following is true?

A. No one knows water is the most important thing to human life.
B. It's quite true that water is very important to human life.
C. It's dangerous to drink plenty of water when we are thirsty.
D. People should stop drinking water in order to keep healthy.

2. In order to get enough water, the writer thinks people should drink _____.

A. hot water
B. after exercises
C. often, not just when they feel thirsty
D. as much water as possible

3. According to the passage, a person usually drinks _____ of water every day.

A. 65 to 75 percent
B. no more than 5 litres
C. more than 7 litres
D. no more than 7 litres

4. People get the water they need from _____.

A. the food they eat
B. the things they eat and drink
C. cold eater
D. their drink 

5. The passage mainly wants to make people know _____.

A. that they should drink enough water
B. why water is important to them
C. how much water they need
D. how they can get enough water

     There is nothing more important than the sun. Without the sun all living things(生物) on the earth will die.
     The sun is a star. In the sky there are thousands of stars like the sun. They are as large as the sun and as
hot as the sun. At night you can see many stars, but in the daytime you can see only one star, the sun.
     The sun is much nearer to us than any other star. That is why it looks the biggest and the brightest of all
the stars. The distance of the sun from the earth is as much as 150 million kilometers. Most of the stars are
thousands of light years away from the earth.
     Do you know the light year? Nothing in the world travels faster than the light. It travels 300,000 kilometres
a second (one-sixtieth of a minute). And one light year is the distance that light travels in one year.

1. Without the sun, ___.

A. some living things will live on the earth
B. people can not live on the earth
C. only some plants can live on the earth
D. there will be no stars in the sky

2. In the daytime you can only see the sun because _____.

A. other stars are too far away
B. there are no other stars in the sky
C. the sun is the biggest in the sky
D. the other stars only come out at night

3. Why does the sun look the biggest and the brightest of all the stars?

A. The sun is far away from the earth.
B. The sun is the nearest star to the earth.
C. The sun is 150 kilometres away from the earth.
D. The sun is much bigger and brighter than other stars.

4. Light travels _____.

A. 300,000,000 kilometres a minute
B. 300,000 metres a second
C. 300,000,000 metres a second
D. 3000,000 kilometres a minute

5. "Light year" in this passage means _____.

A. light
B. year
C. a far-away place
D. a very, very long way

     Everybody has a home. We people have homes. Animals (动物) have homes, too.
     Some animals live (住) under the ground (地面). The woodchuck lives in holes (洞) under the ground.
His home has two doors. If anybody comes in one door, he goes out from the other door. Some birds live
in holes in trees. They come out for food in the daytime (白天) and go back to sleep at night. But many
birds live just in the trees. It's quite interesting that turtles (海龟) carry their homes on their backs. Bees
(蜜蜂) work hard to make their homes. There are many, many little rooms in their house.. Cats, dogs, and
chicks live in people's homes.
     We see all kinds of animals in the zoo. It is a big home for lots of animals.

(     )1. People and animals both (都) have homes.
(     )2. A woodchuck's home has two rooms.
(     )3. All birds' homes are holes in trees.
(     )4. Bees don't work hard to make their homes beautiful.
(     )5. People's homes are some animals' homes, too.

     Children's schooling is changing very fast. In the past, teachers kept children sitting still for hours. They
made them memorize (记住) different kinds of things. In other words, the children had to go on repeating
things until they knew them "by heart". Today, many want to know if it's possible to make children learn all.
They say they can only help them learn. They say they must let children learn and find out things themselves.
      But for some children, school is a kind of prison (监狱). They are there only because their parents make
them go. They get out of the classroom as soon as the teacher lets them leave. Many of them want to find
work, but the law will not let them work until they reach a certain age. And so, they have to stay in school.
Often they do not learn anything at all and hate school every moment.

1. The word "schooling" in the passage means _____.

A. 学费
B. 教育
C. 锻炼
D. 训练

2. Which of the following has the same meaning to "go on repeating"?

A. read and write
B. read or write once
C. read or write twice
D. read or write again and again

3. Now, the teachers try their best to _____.

A. make their students learn more in class
B. teach their students how to learn themselves
C. make their students do everything they say
D. ask their students to do more exercises after class

4. Some children hate schools because _____.

A. they hope to spend much time reading
B. their teachers aren't friendly to them
C. they regard them as prisons
D. they are angry with their classmates

5. _____, so they want to stop to find work.

A. Some children need some money
B. Some children dislike staying in school
C. Some children fall behind their classmates
D. Some children come from poor families