科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分）
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Communication Principles
How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate．“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he（or she）is the center”．Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them．But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication．A student．for instance，may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment：“I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions．and that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class．”The teacher might say the opposite．Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong．
The concept of serf originates in communication．Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others．You establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are，by how others think of you．Positive，negative，and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are．Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process．Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people．In a more obvious way．communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share．So，the communication begins with the self，as defined largely by others，and involves others，as defined largely by the self．
Communication Occurs almost every minute of your life．If you are not communicating with yourself（thinking，planning，reacting to the world around you），you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior．Even if the other person did not intend a message for you．you gather observations and draw specific conclusions．A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message．A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you．A third person smiles（perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently） and you believe that he is attracted to you．We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them．
More often than not，you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement．You may have made a joke out of your rude statement．Nonetheless，your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind．You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others．Communication cannot be reversed（倒退），nor can it be repeated．When you tried to re—create the atmosphere，the conversation，and the setting，nothing seemed right．Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results．
| Paragraph outline | Supporting Details |
| Communication begins with the self | ●People are somewhat products of others’ treatment and messages． ●we are always（71） ▲ in communication with others． |
| Communication （72） ▲ others | ●Experiences of others help children learn to accept roles． ●Messages from others help you（73） ▲ who you are． ●Needs and（74） ▲ of others should be considered． |
| Communication （75） ▲ everywhere | ●We are communicating with ourselves by thinking，planning and reacting to the outside world． ●We are always（76） ▲ other people by observing even if they do not intend any message for you． ●We are constantly collecting meanings from others’（77） ▲ ． ●We are constantly（78） ▲ meanings by what we do． |
| Communication cannot be reversed nor repeated | ●You may explain what you have done，but you cannot（79） ▲ what remains in the other person’s mind． ●Yon may redo the conversation，but you（80） ▲ achieve the same results． |
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
When I opened my e-mail the other day, a pretty woman named Rachel appeared on my computer screen. She greeted me by name and started talking with great enthusiasm. Every now and then she stopped to smile at me or blow a kiss. She was reading to me an e-mail from my brother, and a lot of it was about his getting the phone company to give him a high-speed Internet connection. It was pretty cool.
Rache
l was there thanks to a new technology called Facemail. Facemail lets you send e-mail that gets ready to the receiver by an attractive male or female form or by a clown(小丑). The software, which is free, can be downloaded at www. Facemail.com.
Facemail faces are lifelike, and they simulate(模拟) emotions based on emotions that you put in your text. For example, type in-X, and Rachel blows a kiss.
LifeFX, the company that develops the Facemail, is sure there are broad business uses. The reason e-business is not popular, the company says, is that buying over the Internet lacks the human touch. But what if you went to the Nike website and Michael Jordan greeted you by name, waited on you and personally closed the sale? And it is talking with Whirl(惠而浦公司) about using the technology in a computer screen on a fridge. Then if Morn can't be home when the kids get back from school, she can leave a note with voice and image telling them what there is to eat.
Facemail could get hot fast. Personally, I'm a fan. But Facemail should be used with care. The clown looks lively and funny at first. But if you select the clown, put a few rude words in an e-mail and add some angry emotions, you've got a Psycho-mail(疯人型电子邮件).
The pretty woman that appears on the writer's computer screen was ______.
A. a woman working on the Internet B. his brother's girlfriend
C not a real person D. the picture of his pen-friend
The main advantage of Facemail is that ______.
A. you can hire a beautiful woman to read the e-mail to you
B. you can see the person who sends you the e-mail
C. yon can send an e-mail free of charge
D. e-mail can be attractive in a more lovely way
The writer mentioned Nike website and Michael Jordan to show that _______.
A. Famous people like Michael Jordan also like to use Facemail
B. Facemail can make shopping on the Internet more interesting
C. Nike website will increase its sales by Jordan
D. Michael Jordan will serve you himself on Nike website
What is the writer's attitude towards Facemail?
A. He thinks it needs further improvement.
B. He thinks it cool and funny.
C. He thinks it a danger to the Internet.
D. He thinks people should be careful with Facemail.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011-2012学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Even if you are an experienced backpacker or climber，you need to know what to do if something goes wrong．It is not that Alaska is that much more dangerous than other places．It is no more hazardous than elsewhere，as long as the proper precautions(预防措施)are taken．So, being prepared is crucial to ensure a safe trip．
First of all，make sure you pack everything you will need for your trip．Even if you are traveling by car，pack clothes and gear for backpacking．Because of the bad weather, cars break down frequently. Pack a survival(生存)kit full with：a down coat, boots ,mittens, a hat, snow-pants，sleeping bags，candles，a flashlight，and high-energy food. If you are traveling by car , also pack extra belts, a shovel, and a chain.
If you are camping or hiking，make sure you know how to avoid bears．If you are lost in the wilderness, there is no doubt you will encounter them.
However，there is no need to be nervous．Just take these precautions：make noise as you walk，bears will avoid you；cook your food away from where you sleep，and store your food away from where you sleep，so the bears are not attracted．Both of these should keep the bear away．However，if you do encounter a bear，there are two different schools of thought．One is to make noise and scare the bear away．The other is to stand still and speak softly to get the bear to leave．If you are dealing with a brown bear，you can climb a tree，since it cannot follow．But，black bears can climb．If for some reason the bear attacks，play dead．Try to protect your head and neck，and hopefully the bear will leave its“dead” prey.
【小题1】The underlined word “hazardous” in Paragraph l most probably means________．
| A．interesting | B．dangerous | C．wonderful | D．important |
| A．it is more dangerous to travel by car |
| B．the weather is always bad while traveling |
| C．it is necessary to take whatever you need |
| D．the car breaks down often while traveling |
| A．the bear can’t find you by the smell of the food |
| B．you can have a better sleep at night |
| C．the bear can’t find out your food easily |
| D．you can protect the food you bring with you |
| A．you can try to make noise as possible as you can |
| B．you can say something in a soft voice to the bear |
| C．you can try to learn to climb up a tall tree nearby |
| D．you can pretend to be dead when you are in danger |
| A．There are some tips to survive in Alaska’s wilderness． |
| B． The bears in Alaska’s wilderness are very dangerous． |
| C．Something should be taken along while traveling by car． |
| D．You should learn how to protect yourself． |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010届浙江省高三第三次月考英语卷 题型：阅读理解
Remembering names is an important social skill. Here are some ways to master it.
l Recite and repeat in conversation.
When you hear a person's name, repeat it. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips. You could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial.
l Ask the other person to recite and repeat.
You can let other people help you remember their names. After you've been introduced to someone, ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you're making to learn their names.
l Admit you don't know.
Admitting that you can't remember someone's name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them w ill feel sympathy if you say. "I'm working to remember names better. Yours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again?"
l Use associations.
Link each person yon meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual. For example, you could make a mental note: "Vicki Cheng - tall, black hair." To reinforce your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible.
l Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.
When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering every one. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later.
l Go early.
Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes. Sometimes just a few people show up on time. That's fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can hear them being introduced to others - an automatic review for you.
1.How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names?
A. They will be moved. B. They will be annoyed.
C. They will be delighted. D. They will be discouraged.
2. If you can't remember someone's name, you may _______.
A. tell him the truth B. tell him a white lie
C. ask him for pity D. ask others to help you
3.When you meet a group of people, it is better to remember ______
A. all their names B. a couple of names first
C. just their last names D. as many names as possible
4. What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Tips on an important social skill. B. Importance of attending parties.
C. How to make use of associations. D. How to recite and repeat names.
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
What disgusting habits rum your stomach when yon walk the streets of the capital? Beijing residents say spitting is what they hate most about living in the city．
What comes after spitting are dog owners who fail to clear up their pets’excrement．Third on the list of bad practices is not properly disposing of rubbish．The result was released by the Beijing Social Psychology Institute after they recently conducted a survey of 770 randomly selected people
The three phenomena that topped the list of uncivilized behavior remained almost the same when they are compared with the survey of one year ago．Nearly 63 percent of those surveyed this month said they often see people spitting in public．However, nearly 27 percent of the residents said that spitting has reduced over the past yean
People are happy to see this result．However, spitting in public has become a habit for some The researchers believe that punishment could help reduce some of bad behavior,
The residents being surveyed said that publicity and punishment for spitting should be strengthened to make those with the bad habit change．But it still needs more effort from the whole of society and every resident in order to achieve the goal．They find that few people will spit in their own neighborhood 01"their workplace．Spitting at home goes without saying．But on streets and in other public places such as buses and railway stations．spitting is more common．
People believe that home and their neighborhood are their own places．In workplaces，people care about what other people think of them as everybody else will know them．But in public places, due to a lack of supervision，some people believe the environment has nothing to do with them． Besides spitting，with the increase in dogs raised as pets in Beijing，many complaints have been received because some dog owners do not clear up their pets’excrement．
More than half of the people surveyed said they often saw this happen．They always saw dog excrement on the pass by the sides of streets The dogs have no idea where they should relieve themselves，but why do their owners know nothing about what to d0 with what they leave behind? It is reported that there are more than 1 million pet dogs in Beijing．
Other habits that really get on the nerves of the city residents are illegal adverts，out of control passengers on buses or the subways and lovers who show affection in public．
However,44 percent of the people believe that the moral standards of Beijing people are still high despite the problems．Only 7 percent of the people said that the moral standards of Beijing people were low．
Many people being surveyed believe that local people are more civilized than a year ago． Many local residents said although the moral standards of Beijing people are high compared with those of the people in other cities．there is still a gap between the capital city and some large foreign cities
56．In Line l the expression“turn your stomach, most probably mean ．
A．to make your stomach aching B．to make you sick
C．to make you hungry D．to make you full
57．The uncivilized behavior came first on the list of bad habits were ．
A．nearly the same as the result of the survey one year ago
B．quite different from the result of the survey one year ago
C．almost contrary to the result of the survey one year ago
D．just remaining exactly the same as the result of the survey one year ago
58．Which of the following is NOT the reason why spitting in public is common?
A．People don’t care about other’s opinion as they don’t know each other
B．They regard public places as their own home or neighborhood
C．Some people think they have nothing to do with the environment．
D．There is no supervision to control people
59．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Gaps between Bering and Some Big Foreign Cities
B．Bad Habit：Spitting
C．Uncivilized getting Residents
D．Bad Habits Disgust Beijing Residents
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