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    A Battery’s Nightmare

    Portable electronics that can be carried about easily are only as good as their batteries (电池) and, let’s face it, batteries aren’t very good, especially when compared with, say, petrol, which packs 100 times a battery’s energy into an equal space. That’s why a large group of mechanical engineers (centered at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but with partners at other universities and companies) are hard at work in an effort to replace batteries with a tiny engine that runs on fuel. Imagine a battery-free life! When the fuel runs out in your mobile phone, you just fill up and go.

    The engine---about the size of a ten-cent coin---starts with a combustion chamber (燃烧室) that burns hydrogen. Its tiny parts are etched (蚀刻) onto silicon wafers (硅片) in the same manner that computer parts are etched onto integrated circuits (集成电路). The first engine is made up of five wafers. And since these wafers could be produced in much the same way as computer chips, they could probably be produced quite cheaply.

    But the devil in all this nice detail is efficiency. Tiny engine parts don’t always behave like the bigger parts of the first engine. Something between the parts can slow down the works, according to Columbia University Professor LucFrechette, one of the engine’s designers. Extreme heat from the combustion chamber is also a problem, often leaking to other parts of the engine.

    The scientists’ goal is to create an engine that will operate 10 times better than batteries operate. Frechette says that a complete system, with all parts in place and working, will be set up in the next couple of years, but commercial models aren’t likely until at least the end of the next ten years.

    60. According to the passage, the title suggests that _______ .

    A. batteries should be greatly improved

    B. petrol will be used instead of batteries

    C. the time of batteries will be gone forever

    D. pollution problems caused by batteries must be solved

    61. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “devil” in paragraph 3?

    A. Problem     B. Advantage     C. Invention     D. Technique

    62. What can we infer from the passage?

    A. The new invention doesn’t need any fuel.

    B. The new engine has been produced in large quantities.

    C. The new invention is much cheaper than the battery.

    D. The new engine needs to be improved before it’s on sale.

    60—62   CAD

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