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16.Check out our tsunami(海啸)facts and learn some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction.Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some notable recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred around the globe.
Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.
As a tsunami approaches the shore,water may move back from the coast.If it is shallow enough,the water may be pulled back hundreds of metres.If you are in the area,observing this is a good indication that a tsunami is on the way.
Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time to evacuate(撤离)as possible.
When tsunamis hit shallow water(often near the coast),they slow down but increase in height.
An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004caused a tsunami that killed over 200,000people in 14countries.
In March 2011,the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000people.
The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40metres(131feet)in mine areas,wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.
The Japanese word"tsunami"literally means"harbour wave".
Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.
21.Which of the following shows a tsunami is coming soon?B
A.An earthquake takes place.
B.The water near the shore is pulled back.
C.The water marches towards the coast.
D.The water near the shore is very shallow.
22.In the Tohoku earthquake,over 15,000people died mainly because ofA.
A.the tsunami caused by the earthquake
B.the lack of warning systems
C.the earthquake itself
D.the nuclear accidents caused by the tsunami
23.What can we learn from the passage?C
A.The word"tsunami"is from British English.
B.The term"tidal wave"is used more often than"tsunami".
C.More people died in Indonesia tsunami than in Tohoku tsunami.
D.Some nuclear accidents happened after Indonesia tsunami.
24.The passage is developed mainly byD.
A.making some conclusions
B.giving some examples
C.providing some numbers
D.listing some facts.

分析 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要讲述了海啸发生的原因,并通过举例的方法来描述海啸给人类所带来的危害.

解答 21-24 BACD
21.  B   细节理解题.根据文章第三段"If it is shallow enough,the water may be pulled back hundreds of metres…"可知"海岸附近的海水退去"这一现象是海啸即将到来的标志,故B项正确.
22.  A   细节理解题.根据文章倒数第三段In March 2011,the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000people.可知,地震引起的海啸是人们死亡的主要原因,故A项符合题意.
23.   C   细节理解题.根据文章倒数第三段In March 2011,the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000people.和倒数第四段An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004caused a tsunami that killed over 200,000people in 14countries.可知,在印度尼西亚海啸中死亡的人比在东日本大海啸中死亡的人多,故C项符合题意.
24.   D   推理判断题.根据文章的最后几段Indian Ocean off IndonesiaH和Tohoku earthquake 可知,作者主要是通过列举事实展开文章,故D项符合题意.

点评 学生需要认真阅读原文,把握文章大意,对文章脉络有整体的了解,能仔细查找文中细节,并能根据文章内容进行合理的推测判断.

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