McDonald's is the world single biggest food provider with annual sales of around $12.4bn. And the company's symbol Ronald McDonald is now （or so the company claims） the word's most recognized person after Santa Claus.
The first McDonald's restaurant was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1948 by brothers Mac and Richard “Dick” McDonald. Mac ran the restaurant side; Dick was the marketing genius. He had already invented the drive-in laundry and had been the first person to use neon lights in advertising. Now he spotted the gap in the post-war, baby-boom market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants with simple menus, standardized food and efficient service.
After a slow start, business began to boom. By 1954, the brothers were joined by another entrepreneur, a kitchen equipment salesman called Ray A Kroc who owned the franchise to the Multimixer, milk shake maker used throughout the McDonald's chain. A year later, Kroc had bought the McDonald brothers' chain of 25 franchises for the equivalent of around $70m（￡44m）. Dick remained with the company until the Seventies, when he and Kroc fell out over Kroc's claim that the chain was his creation.
Today, an almost Stalinist cult of personality surrounds Kroc （who died in 1984） at McDonald's, while the brothers who gave the company its name have all but been written out of its history. But though Kroc did not found McDonald's, he was certainly responsible for the empire-building philosophy which led to its world domination. He ushered in such essential contributions to international cuisine as the Big Mac （1968） and the Egg McMuffin （1973）; and helped launch Ronald McDonald —— “in any language he means fun” —— on to television in 1963.
Every three hours, a new McDonald's franchise opens somewhere in the world; it can be found in more than 100 countries including India （vegetarian-only to avoid offending the non-beef-eating populace） and Israel （non kosher, despite fierce local objection）. McDonald's chain embodied the thrusting, can-do spirit of Fifties America with staff mottoes such as “If you've got time to lean, you've go time to clean.”
1. McDonald's was founded _____.
A. by a kitchen equipment salesman
B. in California.
C. by a marketing genius called Dick McDonald.
D. after the first World War.
2.What do we know about McDonald's brothers?
A. They were not McDonald's founders although they named the restaurant.
B. Their business was still in depression after several years.
C. They had clear job separation on business.
D. They sold their restaurant to a salesman in 1954.
3. Which is not Kroc's contribution to McDonald's ?
A. He launched the restaurant image Ronald McDonald on to television.
B. Under his lead, international cuisine as the Big Mac and the Egg McMuffin earned worldwide fame
C. He spotted the gap in postwar market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants.
D. He built McDonald's empire with a philosophy which led to its world domination.
4.Which statement is true according to the passage?
A. The single biggest food provider was however, not named after its founder
B. The international cuisine as the Big Mac, a beef hamburger, is provided every chain restaurant in the world.
C. Employees in McDonald's have no time to lean.
D. The symbol Ronald McDonald, means fun in any language, is said to the word most recognized person after Santa Claus.
1.B
2.C
3.C
4.B
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍世界最大的食品供应商麦当劳的创办和发展的过程。
1.细节题，由第二段The first McDonald’s restaurant was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1948 by brothers Mac and Richard “Dick” McDonald.可知McDonald's是在加力福利亚创办的，选出答案B
2.事实辨认，细节题。答案为C，根据是第二段Mac ran the restaurant side; Dick was the marketing genius.可知他们有明确的工作分工。选C
3.细节题。答案为C，根据是第二段最后Now he （指Dick） spotted the gap in the post-war, baby-boom market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants with simple menus, standardized food and efficient service.可知这不是Kroc 的贡献，选C
4.事实推断题。根据第一段And the company’s symbol Ronald McDonald is now (or so the company claims) the word’s most recognized person after Santa Claus.和倒数第二段in any language he means fun” 选择答案D.
考点：考查社会生活类短文
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
An important question about eating out is who pays for the meal. If a friend of yours asks you to have lunch with him. You may say something like this, “I’m afraid it’ll have to be some place cheap, as I have very little money.” The other person may say, “OK, I’ll meet you at McDonald’s.” This means that two agree to go Dutch, that is, each person pays for himself. He may also say, “Oh, no. I want to take you to lunch at Johnson’s”, or “I want you to try the steak(牛排) there. It’s great.” This means the person wants to pay for both of you. If you feel friendly towards this person, you can go with him and you needn’t pay for the meal. You may just say, “Thank you. That would be very nice.”
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In the old days _______ often paid for all the meals.
A. women B. men
C. university students D. businessmen
“To go Dutch” means to _______.
A. go to play outside B. eat out
C. pay for oneself D. go to a cheaper eating place
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A. a tea house B. a gate
C. an office D. an eating place
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A. you should pay for him B. you needn’t pay for him
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A. at the beginning B. at the end
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完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
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36．A．working hard B．living together C．looking after D．moving around
37．A．when B．after C．as D．before
38．A．listen B．sit C．work D．see
39．A．business B．boss C．husband D．chance
40．A．support B．provide C．share D．give
41．A．excited B．worried C．frightened D．surprised
42．A．around B．through C．inside D．beyond
43．A．flew to B．stayed in C．chose D．left
44．A．director B．editor C．photographer D．writer
45．A．satisfied B．beautiful C．well-mannered D．young
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47．A．moved to B．changed for C．returned to D．started for
48．A．something to eat B．a job C．a bedroom D．a workroom
49．A．sent B．wanted C．ordered D．informed
50．A．in the list B．on the cover C．in the ads D．on the page
51．A．a rise B．a job C．a part D．an actress
52．A．interviews B．performances C．visits D．appearances
53．A．already B．even C．yet D．still
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In 1955, a man named Raymond Kroc entered a partnership with two brothers named Mcdonald. They operated a popular restaurant in California which sold food that was easy to prepare and serve quickly. Hamburgers, French fries, and cold drinks were the main foods on the limited menu. Kroc opened similar eating places under the same name, “McDonald’s” and they were a quick success. He later took over the company and today it is one of the most famous and successful “fast-food” chains(连锁店) in America and the world.
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【小题1】The passage is mainly about ____.
| A．how and why “McDonald’s” became successful |
| B．the effect social and economic changes have on people’s eating habits |
| C．why Americans prefer natural food |
| D．American eating habits |
| A．His partnership with the McDonald brothers. |
| B．A changing economy. |
| C．The back-to-nature movement. |
| D．Women’s equality movement. |
| A．natural foods can also be found in McDonald’s |
| B．many married women in America returned to work in the 1960s |
| C．McDonald’s fast food is popular among the young |
| D．divorce caused people to change their eating habits |
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So you thought the hamburger was the world’s most popular fast food? After all, McDonald’s Golden Arches span（跨越）the globe（全球）. But no, there is another truly universal fast food, the ultimate（极好的）fast food. It’s easy to make, easy to serve, much more varied than the hamburger, can be eaten with the hands and it’s delivered to your front door or served in fancy restaurants. It’s been one of America’s favourite foods for over 50 years. It is, of course, the pizza.
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【小题1】Which is the correct order of the changes of pizza?
| A．Plakuntos→pizza→picea | B．Pizza→plakuntos→picea |
| C．Picea→plakuntos→pizza | D．Plakuntos→picea→pizza |
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| B．Because pizza was invented in these countries. |
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| D．Because people there are the greatest consumers of pizza. |
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C．while selling bread with a bit of meat in it
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A．the beef in hamburgers is not as much as it is said to be
B．the hamburgers are not as good as they are said to be
C．something is not so good as one says
D．Wendy’s is the biggest
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