On the Olympic flag, the rings appear on a white background. The flag reinforces the idea of the Olympic Movement’s universality, as it brings together all the countries of the world.
Pierre de Coubertin, the father of the modern Olympic Games, explains the meaning of the flag: “The Olympic flag has a white background, with five interlaced rings in the centre: blue, yellow, black, green and red. This design is symbolic; it represents the five continents of the world, united by Olympism, while the six colors are those that appear on all the national flags of the world at the present time.” (1931)
Combined in this way, the six colors of the flag(including the white of the background) represent all nations. It is wrong, therefore, to believe that each of the colors corresponds to a
certain continent!
At the Olympic Games, the flag is brought into the stadium during the opening ceremony. Since the 1960 Games in Rome (Italy), it has been carried horizontally by a delegation of athletes or other people well known for their positive work in society.
After its arrival, the flag is hoisted up the flagpole. It must fly in the stadium during the whole of the Games. When the flag is lowered at the closing ceremony, it signals the end of the Games.
The mayor of the host city of the Games passes the Olympic flag to the mayor of the next host city of the Games.
In the history, even though Pierre de Coubertin intended the Olympic Games to be an international event from the time of their re-establishment in 1896 in Athens (Greece), it was only at the 1912 Games in Stockholm (Sweden) that, for the first time, the participants came from all five continents. One year later, in 1913, the five rings appeared at the top of a letter written by Pierre de Coubertin. He drew the rings and colored them in by hand. He then described this symbol in the Olympic Review of August 1913. It was also Coubertin who had the idea for the Olympic flag. He presented the rings and flag in June 1914 in Paris at the Olympic Congress.
The First World War prevented the Games from being celebrated in 1916 in Berlin (Germany) as planned. It was not until 1920 in Antwerp (Belgium) that the flag and its five rings could be seen flying in an Olympic stadium.
The universality conveyed by the rings and the flag was a new idea at the beginning of the 20th century. Nationalism was very strong and tension between certain countries was high. It was in this climate, however, that Coubertin proposed a symbol which aimed to encourage world unity.
1．The author mentioned Olympic Games except the one in 1916 in the passage.
A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5
2．Which of the following agrees with the passage? .
A．Pierre de Coubertin contributed a lot to the Olympics
B．Each of the colors corresponds to a certain continent
C．The flag is aimed at promoting the world economy.
D．When the flag is brought into the stadium, it signals the beginning of the Games
3．Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the author? .
A．The flag reinforces the idea of the Olympic Movement’s universality
B．It was not until 1920 Games in Antwerp(Beigium)that, for the first time, the participants came from all five continents.
C．The flag was a new idea at the beginning of the 20th century
D．The flag must fly in the stadium during the whole of the Games
4．Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage? .
A．One world, One dream
B．Green Beijing, Greet Olympics
C．the Father of the Modern Olympic Games
D．the History of the Olympic Flag
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The twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before: changes for the better,
changes for the worse; changes that brought a lot of benefits to human beings, changes that put man in danger. Many things caused the changes, but, in my opinion, the most important was the progress in science.
Scientific research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our views. It has given us a deeper knowledge of the structure of matter and of the universe; it has brought us a better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous development. Technology m the application of science m has made big advances that have benefited us in nearly every part of life.
The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in even greater advantages to human beings: in pure science -- a wider and deeper knowledge in all fields of learning; in applied science -- a more reasonable sharing of material benefits, and better protection of the environment.
Sadly, however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has been employed in doing damage to mankind. The application of science and technology to the development and production of weapons of mass destruction has created a real danger to the continued existence of the human race on this planet. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons, Although their actual use has so far occurred only in the Second World War, the number of nuclear weapons that were produced and made ready for use was so large that if the weapons had actually been used, the result could have been the ruin of the human race, as well as of many kinds of animals.
William Shakespeare said, “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn (纱线), good and ill together.” The above brief review of the application of only one part of human activities----- science seems to prove what Shakespeare said. But does it have to be so? Must the ill always go together with the good? Are we biologically programmed for war?
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A. B. C. D.
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